手性螺二氢茚双膦配体在钌催化酮的不对称氢化反应中的应用研究

羰基化合物的不对称催化氢化是获得光学活性醇类化合物的极为有效的方法之一.在对芳基烷基酮的不对称催化氢化反应的研究中,Noyori等开发出一种非常有效的不对称催化氢化体系,即手性双膦-钌-双胺催化体系.该催化体系是一个具有高转化数、高转化频率以及高对映选择性的催化体系,它能催化氢化烷基酮、芳基酮、杂环芳酮等多种含羰基的潜手性底物[1].我们研究小组合成了一类具有螺二氢茚骨架的手性螺环双膦配体SDP,当这类配体应用于该氢化反应时,不但获得了极高的对映选择性(最高达99.5?),而且转化数也很高(TON高达100000)[2].在研究RuCl2-[(S)-Xyl-SDP][R,R)-DPEN)]络合物催化氢化芳基烷基酮时,发现当用NaOBu-t作碱时,催化氢化反应的速度明显比用KOBu-t作碱时要快.这与Hartmann和Chen等[3]在RuCl2-[(S)-BINAP][(S,S)-DPEN]催化氢化苯乙酮反应中的结果正好相反.我们进一步采用动力学的方法,深入研究了碱金属阳离子对苯乙酮催化氢化反应速率的影响.研究结果表明:双膦配体中P-芳环上的取代基对碱金属阳离子影响氢化反应速率的顺序产生明显影响.     

氯化铜对芳基烷基酮的选择性氯化反应

氯化铜对芳基烷基酮的选择性氯化反应;氯代苯丙酮;甲氧基丙酰基萘;甲氧基乙酰基萘;甲氧基苯乙酮     

不对称催化氢化制备（S）—（＋）—萘普生：Ⅱ.不对称氢化反应条件

不对称催化氢化制备（Ｓ）－（＋）－萘普生１）Ⅱ．不对称氢化反应条件赵培庆宫照阳（中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所羰基合成与选择氧化国家重点实验室兰州７３００００）关键词萘普生不对称催化氢化反应条件分类号Ｏ６４３．３２不对称催化是分子催化研究中的前沿领域之...     

3,4,-三甲氧基甲酰茄呢基胺的合成

茄呢醇 (4) (九聚异戊二烯醇 ,ｓｏｌａｎｅｓｏｌ)是从烟叶中提取的一种全Ｅ式多聚异戊二烯醇 ,主要用于合成治疗心血管病及抗衰老药物辅酶Ｑ1 0 。近年国内外以茄呢醇为原料的新药研制比较活跃 ,已发现茄呢基胺类衍生物具有抗癌、保肝等多种生理活性[1 ] ,茄呢基胺的盐酸盐对哺乳动物有抗病毒活性[2 ] 。含有 3 ,4,5 三甲氧基苯甲酰胺片段的药物具有广泛的生理活性 ,如抗焦虑药三甲氧啉[3] ,抗溃疡药曲昔派特[4] 。本文按以下路线合成了 3 ,4,5 三甲氧基苯甲酰茄呢基胺 ,期望具有治疗心脏病、抗癌及抗溃疡活性。ＨＯＨＯＣＯＯＨＨＯ　1…     

2-氨基-3-氰基-4-芳基-6-甲氧基-1,4,9,10-四氢萘并[2,1-b]吡喃衍生物的一步合成

以芳醛、丙二腈和7-甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢萘-2-酮为原料,在六氢吡啶催化下以乙醇为溶剂,在室温合成了一系列新的2-氨基-3-氰基-4-芳基-6-甲氧基-1,4,9,10-四氢萘并[2,1-b]吡喃衍生物,反应条件温和,产率较高,并通过IR,1H NMR和元素分析表征产物的结构,还通过单晶X射线衍射分析确证产物的构象.     

5-溴-6-甲氧基-2-丙酰基萘的钯催化氢化脱溴

溴甲氧基丙酰基萘;5-溴-6-甲氧基-2-丙酰基萘的钯催化氢化脱溴     

4-(6-甲氧基-2-萘基)-2-(2-羟苄亚氨基)噻唑合成与表征

6-甲氧基-2-(2-溴酰基)萘与硫脲反应环合得4-(6-甲氧基-2-萘基)-2-氨基噻唑;后者与水杨醛反应制备了新化合物4-(6-甲氧基-2-萘基)-2-(2-羟苄亚氨基)噻唑,收率为72.1%～94.8%.目标物采用核磁共振、红外光谱和元素分析测试技术进行了表征;分析目标物和中间体中萘环质子偶合分裂情况.并且确定了萘环上各质子的归属.     

镧系金属用于有机反应的研究──无水NdCl_3／萘锂体系与酮及异氰酸酯和异硫氰酸酯的反应

报道了无水ＮｄＣｌ３／萘锂体系与二苯酮、α，β－不饱和羰基化合物、异氰酸酯及异硫氰酸酯的反应。研究发现：无水ＮｄＣｌ３／萘锂体系可引发α，β－不饱和羰基化合物发生新奇的二聚环化反应得到互为异构体的环戊醇衍生物，与异氰酸酯或异硫氰酸酯反应则得到较高产率的相应的还原偶联产物草酰胺或硫代草酰胺。而在某些配体存在下，无水ＮｄＣ１３／萘锂体系与二苯酮作用时，有别于单纯的ＮｄＣｌ３／萘锂体系，反应选择性发生了明显的改变，主要得到二苯甲醇。     

6-甲氧基-2-丙酰基萘在醇溶剂中的溴化反应

室温下，6－甲氧基－2－丙酰基萘和1，3－二溴－5，5－二甲基海因的溴化反应在醇溶剂中，反应速度快、转化率高，生成5－溴－6－甲氧基－2－丙酰基萘的收率高（98．59％）。     

钼烷氧基配合物的合成及β-H消去反应

许多过渡金属的烷氧基配合物具有对酮和醛的催化加氢以及对醇的催化脱氢的均相催化作用[1,2 ].过渡金属烷氧基配合物同过渡金属烷基配合物一样可以发生 β Ｈ消去反应 ,生成氢基配合物和醛或酮[3].对于重过渡系单核烷氧基配合物的合成和性质已有很多报道[4],而对钼的单核烷氧基配合物的研究比较少 .有关一系列二茂钼烷氧基配合物的合成已有报道[5].本文合成了几种二茂钼烷氧基衍生物 ,并对其 β Ｈ消去反应进行了研究 .Ｃｐ2 ＭｏＯＨＭｏＣｐ2ＯＨ2 (ＯＴｓ- ) 2ＲＯＨ2ＰＭｅ3Ｃｐ2 ＭｏＯＲＰＭｅ3 ＯＴｓ- Δ Ｃｐ2 ＭｏＨＰＭｅ3 ＯＴ…     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.