聚乙烯醇－g－聚丙烯酸膜用于渗透气化法分离乙醇－水的研究

合成了聚乙烯醇－ｇ－聚丙烯酸接枝聚合物（ＰＶＡ－ｇ－ＰＡＡ），分别用ＫＯＨ、ＮａＯＨ、ＬｉＣｌ的乙醇－水溶液处理ＰＶＡ－ｇ－ＰＡＡ膜。发现离子膜用于乙醇－水的渗透气化分离可以大幅度提高分离系数，特别是用ＫＯＨ处理，分离系数可达４００。     

k—型卡接胶／聚乙烯吡咯烷酮共混水凝胶的国徽制备及性质研究

采用辐射技术制备了k-型卡接胶（ＫＣ）／聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮（ＰＶＰ）共混水凝胶,研究了共凝胶内ＫＣ含量、ＰＶＰ的分子量和辐照剂量等对ＫＣ／ＰＶＰ共混水凝胶性质的影响,实验发现,ＫＣ与高分子量的ＰＶＰ（k-90）共混后在一定剂量范围内辐照可得到高强度,高 胀行为的ＫＣ／ＰＶＰ共混水凝胶,随着共混水凝胶内ＫＣ含量的增加,凝胶强度及深胀性能均显著提高,分析表明,ＫＣ与高分子量的ＰＶＰ共混后,在较低剂量下ＫＣ的降解被抑制,从而获得一种由物理交联的ＫＣ和化学交联的ＰＶＰ形成的互穿网络（ＩＰＮ）凝胶。     

亚相pH对气水界面上VE/DPPC单分子膜的影响

通过表面压－分子面积等温线的测定，考察了亚相ｐＨ对气水界面上的维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ）／二棕榈酰基磷脂酰胆碱单分子膜的影响。亚相ｐＨ降低不改变ＤＰＰＣ单分子膜的崩裂压，但使ＶＥ单分子膜的崩裂压明显增大，不改变ＶＥ单分子膜的平均分子面积，但使ＤＰＰＣ单分子膜凝缩，低表面压下，ＶＥ对ＤＰＰＣ单分子膜的膨胀作用在纯水上很小，在ｐＨ为１的亚相上则很明显，这提示在低ｐＨ的亚相上，ＶＥ／ＤＰＰＣ单分子膜中的极性头基间     

带酞基聚芳醚酮超滤膜的研究──Ⅰ带酞基聚芳醚酮超滤膜的制备与性能

以带酞基聚芳醚酮（ＰＥＫＭ）为膜材料，用相转换法制备了ＰＥＫ—Ｃ不对称超滤膜，研究了铸膜液的主要组分对膜的孔结构与超滤性能的影响。     

聚乙烯基咔唑／聚硝基苯掺杂体系的性能研究

研究了ＰＶＫ／ＰＮＢ掺杂中两种聚合物的相互作用，发现ＰＮＢ比ＴＮＦ能更有效地与ＰＶＫ形成电荷转移复合物，从而在很大程度上改变了ＰＶＫ原来的电学性质。随着掺杂浓度的增大，该体系逐渐从半导体特性向导体方向转变。     

邻菲啰啉冠醚胺类电极选择性与萃取特性的关系

研究了邻菲啰啉冠醚电极的响性特性，测定了邻菲啰啉冠醚络合物的相关萃取平衡常数，并研究了其与电极性能的关系．实验表明，当ＰＶＣ膜中无邻菲啰啉冠醚载体时，其与盐的脂溶性相关的平衡常数Ｋ_ｄ反映了电极的选择性：季铵＞伯胺＞叔胺＞仲胺＞铵．ＰＶＣ膜中邻菲啰啉冠醚载体化合物的引入，改变了电极的选择性次序：伯胺＞季铵＞叔胺＞仲胺＞铵，此时较能反映电极选择性次序的是萃取平衡常数Ｋ_ｅ而不是Ｋ_ｄ或络合物稳定常数Ｋ_ａ．     

添加PVP和涂覆聚合物对PAN基中空纤维炭膜性能的影响

研究了用ＰＡＮ基中空纤维膜为基质制备气体分离用中空纤维炭膜的过程。考察了添加剂ＰＶＰ对炭膜的Ｈ２，Ｎ２气体渗透速率，分离系九和柔韧性的影响。同时，研究了用丙烯腈共聚物对中空纤维炭膜涂覆改性后Ｈ２，Ｎ２气体的渗透速率和分离系数。     

邻菲Luo啉冠醚胺类电极选择与萃取特性的关系

研究了邻菲Ｌｕｏ啉冠醚电极的响性特性，测定了邻菲Ｌｕｏ啉冠醚络合物的相关萃取平衡常数，并研究了其与电极性能的关系。实验表明，当ＰＶＣ膜中无邻菲Ｌｕｏ啉冠醚载体时，其与盐的脂溶性相关的平衡常数Ｋｄ反映了电极的选择性：季铵＞伯胺＞仲胺＞铵。ＰＶＣ膜中邻菲Ｌｕｏ啉冠醚载体化合物的引入，改变了电极的选择性次序：伯胺＞季铵＞叔胺＞仲胺＞铵，此时较能反映电极选择性次序的是萃取平衡常数Ｋｅ而不是Ｋｄ或络合物稳定     

PVK／C60电荷转移络合物的光谱研究

利用紫外光谱、荧光光谱研究了ＰＶＫ／Ｃ_（６０）~＊（Ｃ_（６０）~＊与Ｃ_（７０）混合物）体系的光谱行为，实验结果表明，ＰＶＫ与Ｃ_（６０）之间存在电荷转移络合作用。紫外光谱结果表明ＰＶＫ／Ｃ_（６０）~＊电荷转移络合物的特征吸收峰在４７４ｎｍ附近，这与理论计算结果相吻合．ＰＶＫ单元与Ｃ_（６０）之间的最佳匹配约为５：１．荧光光谱结果进一步证明了ＰＶＫ与Ｃ_（６０）~＊之间的电荷转移络合作用的存在。     

聚醚醚酮分子结构对流动性和热性能的影响

本文用稍过量４、４’－二氯苯酮合成的聚醚醚酮（ＰＥＥＫ）样品，利用ＵＶ、ＭＩ、ＤＳＣ和ＴＧＡ等研究本氧阴离子及其相对浓度在树脂合成和加工过程中对ＰＥＥＫ分子结构和性能的影响．结果表明：苯氧阴离子端基引起支化交联反应，且随着其相对浓度增加而增加．采用过量４、４’－二氯苯酮合成ＰＥＥＫ，不仅能控制产物的分子量，而且有利于抑制支化交联反应，提高ＰＥＥＫ的流动性和热稳定性．本文还初步探讨了ＰＥＥＫ支化反应机理和支化高分子热分解机理．     

聚乙烯咔唑/杂多阴离子杂化LB膜的制备、结构与光电性质

首次选用聚乙烯咔唑（PVK）、二十二烷酸（BA）与杂多阴离子用LB技术制备 了五种有机/无机杂化LB膜，PVK/BA/HPC（HPC = Na_5(PZ(H_2O)Mo_(11)O_(39)]· 5H_2O, Z = Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Ni）。用原子力显微镜（AFM），UV-vis，小角X射 线衍射（LAXRD），表面光电压谱（SPS），荧光光谱等对LB膜的结构与性质进行了 表征。结果表明：它们在空气/水界面有好的成膜性能，崩溃压为22 ～27 mN/m， 杂多阴离子作为一个单层夹在PVK和BA双层之间。PVK/BA/HPC LB膜的光致发光具有 PVK激基缔合物的特征荧光，其光电压谱有较强的光电响应。     

Instabilities during the formation of electroactive polymer thin films

The solvent-induced film structure of poly(n-vinyl carbazole) (PVK) thin films on indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass was examined. PVK thin films were prepared via spin-coating using five different solvents. We investigated the relationship between the solvent characteristics and film properties, including surface roughness and structure, film thickness, and density. The spin-coated polymer thin films are not in thermodynamic equilibrium; rather, the film properties are affected by the dynamics of the spin-coating process. We found that water present in tetrahydrofuran (THF) induces dewetting of PVK films during the spin-coating process. Solvents with a high evaporation rate lead to high surface roughness due to Marangoni convection. The results show that the surface roughness and structure of the films are dominated by the dynamics of the film formation process, rather than thermodynamic interactions between the polymer and solvents.     

High open-circuit voltage in UV photovoltaic cell based on polymer/inorganic bilayer structure

Polymer/inorganic hybrid ultra violet (UV) photovoltaic device is fabricated by using poly(N-vinyl-carbazole) (PVK) and zinc sulfide (ZnS). The device shows promising photovoltaic characteristics with a high open-circuit voltage of 1.65 V, and a short-circuit current of 46.8 μA/cm² under the illumination of 340 nm UV light with the intensity of 14 mW/cm². Besides, much correlative photocurrent spectra of the device under forward and reverse applied bias manifest the transport mechanism of charge carriers in PVK/ZnS bilayer systems.     

酞菁铜与Q-CdS超微粒子界面的光致电荷转移研究

半导体超微粒子与有机分子界面的光致电行转移过程是当前光化学和材料科学研究的一个活跃领域［‘，2］；研究的目的主要有两个方面，一是研究半导体超微粒子表面光致电行转移的特性；二是研究有机分子对超微粒子的光敏化作用．目前，超微粒子的功能化研究日益深入，其独特的光     

酞菁铜与Q-CdS超微粒子界面的光致电荷转移研究

The photovoltaic features and photo-induced interfacial charge transfer of CuPc-modified Q-CdS films were investigated by surface photovoltage spectra and optical absorption spectra. The results show that the interfacial charge transfer and photosensitization between CuPc and Q-CdS occur under illumination. Based on the observations, the generation and processes of the charge transfer are proposed and discussed.     

Light-Induced Charge Transfer at Interface Between Lipid-Free RhTSPc Film and p-Si(111)

The present paper covers the lipid-free rhodium tetrasulfonato-phthalocyanine (RhTSPc) films prepared on p-Si(111) by using Langmuir-Blodgett technique. Their surface photovoltage spectra were measured. It was found that there is a strong interaction at the interface between the RhTSPc film and p-Si (111) and that the surface photovoltaic effect of the film system is maximum when only one monolayer of RhTSPc molecules coats p-Si(111), which is similar to that of CuTSPc films on p-Si(111) reported previously. These results confirm that only the monolayer of dye molecules being adjacent to the semiconductor surface plays a key role in the light-induced interfacial charge transfer process.     

Properties of chlorine-doped poly(N-vinylcarbazole) thin films

Thin films of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) have been obtained by thermal evaporation under vacuum. The chain length of the polymer is shortened by this deposition technique, which induces a strong reactivity between chlorine and the PVK films. After chlorine doping, there is complex salt formation as shown by electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). However, the major part of the chlorine has reacted with PVK. The thermal evaporation induces amorphization of the PVK, while chlorine doping induces polymer degradation with NH₄Cl formation. Because of this degradation the carriers detected by ESR are strongly localized on carbazole radicals, thereby explaining the small increase in the conductivity of PVK films even after chlorine doping.     

Electroluminescence of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) films: fluorescence, phosphorescence and electromers

We have studied the electroluminescence (EL) properties of pure poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) films. Three types of light emission in the EL spectrum were observed, attributed to fluorescence, phosphorescence and electromers, respectively. The observation of electrophosphorescence from PVK films at room temperature is very meaningful, indicating that PVK can produce a large number of triplet excitons under an electric field at room temperature. Our results demonstrate clearly the reason why PVK is an excellent host material for phosphorescent polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs).     

Rapid development in two-dimensional layered perovskite materials and their application in solar cells

This review summarized recent research progresses of two-dimensional layered organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials and their photovoltaic performances in 2D perovskite solar cells.     

EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES WITH A HETEROSTRUCTURE OF DYE DOPED POLY(N-VINYLCARBAZOLE)/TRIS(8-HYDROXYQUINOLINE) ALUMINUM*

Organic electroluminescent diodes with a heterostructure of 9,10-bis(phenylethnyl) anthracene(BPEA) doped poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK)/tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq_3) have beenfabricated. The electroluminescence (EL) both from BPEA and Alq_3 were observed when the Alq_3 layer isthin enough. With increasing thickness of the Alq_3 layer, the relative emission intensity of BPEA is graduallydecreased. For the thin Alq_3 layer structure, the light emission of Alq_3 becomes more dominant as the appliedvoltage increases. It is proposed that the electron-hole recombination takes place in both PVK and Alq_3 films.The field-induced quenching theory has also been applied to explain the change of the EL spectra withapplied voltage.