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1.
二-(2-乙基己基)磷酸P204与三烷基叔胺N235协同萃取钼   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
孙盈  李艳玲  权新军  廖伍平 《应用化学》2009,26(11):1353-1356
研究了P204(二-(2-乙基己基)磷酸, HA)和N235(三烷基胺, R3N)二元体系在HCl介质中对金属钼的萃取,结果表明P204和N235混合萃取剂在萃取钼时存在协同效应,并且在N235摩尔分数为0.7时协萃系数为2.24;考察了溶液酸度、P204或N235浓度及温度对萃取钼的影响,确定了协萃络合物为(R3NH)3•HMo8O26•2(HA),并比较了负载前后有机相的红外光谱。  相似文献   

2.
本文研究了仲碳伯胺N_(1923)与中性磷萃取剂的正庚烷溶液,从盐酸介质中对Zn(Ⅱ)的协同萃取。用斜率法及等摩尔系列法确定协萃配合物的组成为:(RNH_3Cl)_3·ZnCl_2·TBP、(RNH_3Cl)_2·ZnCl_2·DBBP,求得协萃反应的平衡常数分别为logK_(12)(TBP)=3.09,logK_(12)(DBBP)=2.90,协萃配合物的生成常数分别为logβ_(12)(TBP)=1.34,logβ_(12)(DBBP)=1.90.计算了协萃反应的热力学函数值,并对协萃配合物的IR、NMR谱进行了讨论。  相似文献   

3.
对HDEHP(H2A2),HEH/EHP(H2B2),Cyanex272(H2L2)萃取剂在硫酸介质中单独以及HDEHP-HEH/EHP和HDEHP-Cyanex272混合萃取剂萃取稀土元素Y(Ⅲ)的机制进行了研究. 研究发现,单独采用HDEHP和HEH/EHP萃取Y(Ⅲ)时,SO2-4参与了反应,造成反应过程中放出的H 个数随萃取剂浓度的变化而变化,对于单独采用Cyanex272萃取Y(Ⅲ)的过程中则是OH-参与了反应. 计算了混合萃取剂萃取Y(Ⅲ)的协萃系数(R),当水相平衡pH=1.2时,HDEHP和HEH/EHP混合萃取体系与HDEHP和Cyanex272混合萃取体系萃取Y(Ⅲ)的R分别为27.68和48.99,并且协萃系数随水相平衡pH的升高而增加. 确定了在HDEHP和HEH/EHP混合萃取体系中的协萃反应并计算了反应的平衡常数及萃合物形成反应的稳定常数,反应机制为阳离子交换反应.  相似文献   

4.
稀土萃取分离过程皂化产生的含盐废水严重污染环境。利用P507萃取稀土离子、N235萃取酸的特性,设计了P507-N235双溶剂无皂化稀土萃取体系,研究了双溶剂有机相的稳定性及对Nd3+的协萃效应。P507与N235混合时发生放热现象,红外光谱分析显示其特征峰发生了变化,但32次萃取-再生后的混合萃取剂的化学结构稳定;P507与N235对Nd3+具有显著的协萃效果,形成的萃合物为REA3.(R3N.HA).3R3NHCl。研究结果为无皂化稀土萃取分离新工艺开发提供了依据。  相似文献   

5.
根据推积模型提出一种新的协萃体系,即:(简单阴离子)1+(简单阴离子)2+萃取剂,并以实验证实了水相混合介质的协同效应.研究了UO2/OAc,C1/TBP-二甲苯体系的协萃效应,测定了萃合物的组成以及各种影响分配比的因素.  相似文献   

6.
本文研究磷酸三丁酯(TBP)与二苯基亚砜(DPSO)组成的二元中性体系(B-B体系)在HCl介质中对金(Ⅲ)的萃取行为,发现该体系有明显的协同萃取效应。用斜率法和紫外光谱法确定了协萃配合物的组成为H_3O~+·2TBP·DPSO·yH_2O……AuCl_4~-·HCl。协萃反应的平衡常数log K_(1,2)~′=3.33。对协萃反应的机理和可能的结构也进行了讨论。  相似文献   

7.
溶剂萃取中采用混合萃取剂所产生的协同效应,已获得了广泛的研究。特别是以螯合萃取剂与中性萃取剂组成的协同萃取体系,更引起人们的重视。 Cvjeticanin 将纸上反相分配色谱用于协萃效应的研究。选用螯合萃取剂噻吩甲酰三氟丙酮(TTA)与中性磷类萃取剂磷酸三丁酯(TBP)、三辛基氧化膦(TOPO)或磷酸三辛酯(TOP)组成的混合萃取剂作固定相,研究了对铀、钍和稀土元素的协萃效应,并探讨了有关的协萃机理。本文以8-羟基喹啉(HOx)或中性磷类萃取剂TBP、甲基膦酯二异戊酯(DAMP)、丁基膦酸二丁酯(DBBP)以及由它们所组成的两组分混合萃取剂作固  相似文献   

8.
研究了N ,N′ 二 (十二烷基 )乙二胺二乙酸 (简写为H2 R2 Y)的氯仿溶液对汞 (Ⅱ )的萃取行为。考察了酸度、萃取剂浓度、相比及温度等因素对萃取率的影响 ;用电导法及摩尔比法测得萃合物的摩尔比为 1∶1 ;测定了新试剂H2 R2 Y对Hg2 与Fe3 、Co2 、Ni2 、Zn2 、Cr3 、Mn2 等金属离子的分离效果 ;并根据分配比与温度的关系求出了萃取反应的ΔH0 、ΔS0 、ΔG0 和lgKex值 ,该萃取反应为放热反应。  相似文献   

9.
研究了 1 苯基 3 甲基 4 苯甲酰基 -吡唑酮 5 (HPMBP)和中性有机磷 (膦 )类萃取剂Cyanex 4 71X(TIBPS ,B)在硝酸介质中对稀土元素La 的萃取 ,用斜率法和恒摩尔法探讨了萃取机理 ,确定了萃合物的组成为La(NO3 ) 2 ·PMBP·B ,计算了萃取平衡常数。比较了HPMBP与Cyanex 4 71X、Cyanex 92 1、Cyanex 92 3、Cyanex 92 5、DEH/EHP、P35 0及TBP的单独及混合体系萃取La 的性能 ,结果表明 :所有混合体系对La 均有协同效应 ,其中HPMBP与Cyanex 92 3、Cyanex 92 1、Cyanex 92 5的混合体系是萃取La 的有效体系。  相似文献   

10.
对HDEHP(H2B2)和HEH/EHP(H2L2)混合萃取剂在硫酸介质中萃取稀土元素(La,Nd,Sm,Gd)的机制进行了研究。研究表明,在水相平衡pH=2.0时,混合萃取剂萃取这几种元素的协萃系数分别为:1.96(La),3.52(Nd),5.96(Sm),5.71(Gd),并且协萃系数随水相平衡pH的升高而增加。利用斜率法分别确定了单一萃取剂HDEHP和HEH/EHP以及混合萃取剂HDEHP HEH/EHP在硫酸体系中萃取稀土元素的配合物结构式分别为RE(SO4)xH2x(HB2)3,RE(SO4)xH2x(HL2)3以及RE(HB2)2(HL2)。计算了反应的平衡常数及形成常数并确定了反应机制为阳离子交换反应。  相似文献   

11.
The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.  相似文献   

12.
非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。  相似文献   

13.
翟宗玺  刘树深  夏树屏 《化学学报》1990,48(10):946-950
用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。  相似文献   

14.
Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.  相似文献   

15.

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

  相似文献   

16.
Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position.  相似文献   

17.
In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.  相似文献   

18.
Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, Mo, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

19.
20.
The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of hematite Fe2O3. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the best fitting experimental data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

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