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电场增强催化甲烷合成碳二烃催化剂影响研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本研究提出了在常温、常压电场增强等离子体条件下甲烷直接转化合成碳二烃的洁净工艺 ,在不同的放电电压、放电功率、甲烷进料流量和不同的催化剂作用下 ,甲烷能够以不同的转化率和选择性转变为碳二烃。对影响甲烷转化率和碳二烃选择性的因素 :放电电压、放电功率、甲烷进料流量和催化剂进行了研究 ,对催化剂性能进行了比较 ,并探讨了反应机理。结果表明 ,适宜的工艺条件 :放电电压 2 0kV~ 4 0kV ;输入功率 :2 0W~ 4 0W ;合适的甲烷进料流量 :30mL/min~ 70mL/min。在该条件下 ,碳二烃的选择性可以达到 95 % ;催化剂对甲烷转化率的影响顺序为MnO2 /Al2 O3 >Ni/Al2 O3 >MoO3 /Al2 O3 >Ni/NaY >Pd/ZSM 5 >Ni/H4Mg2 Si3 O4>Ni/ZSM 5 >Co/ZSM 5 >无催化剂。 相似文献
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在常压、室温的介质阻挡放电连续流动反应器中, 对介质阻挡放电等离子体作用下天然气偶联反应制C2烃进行了研究. 考察了放电频率、放电的电极结构、放电电压、放电的电极数目、氢气、甲烷进料流量和催化剂等参数对甲烷转化率和产物(碳二烃和碳三烃)的选择性影响规律, 同时探讨了反应过程. 结果表明合适的工艺条件为: 电源频率20 kHz, 电极结构为两个电极上都覆盖绝缘介质的b型, 放电电压20~40 kV, 进料流量20~60 mL·min-1, H2/CH4为1/4; 甲烷的转化率随电压的升高而增大, 随甲烷进料流量的增大而减小, 碳二烃的选择性随电压的升高而减小, 随甲烷进料流量的增大而增大. 甲烷的转化率可达45%, 碳二烃选择性可达76%, 产品(碳二烃和碳三烃)的总选择性接近100%; 连续反应100 h无积碳; 催化剂可改善产品碳二烃的选择性; 碳二烃和碳三烃的生成主要是通过自由基和甲烷分子反应获得的. 相似文献
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氧对非平衡等离子体甲烷脱氢偶联反应的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
氧对非平衡等离子体甲烷脱氢偶联反应的影响雷正兰陈栋梁刘万楹*(中国科学院成都有机化学研究所天然气开放实验室610041)甲烷偶联形成C2烃是甲烷直接转化的重要反应。非平衡等离子体条件下甲烷脱氢偶联是获得C2烃的一种新方法。不用催化剂,利用非平衡等离子... 相似文献
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利用电场作用通过交流和直流等离子体在低温、常压和低功率下催化反应将甲烷直接转化为碳二烃(乙烷、乙烯、乙炔)。考察了在对称电场作用下催化剂的催化性能。实验结果表明,在交流电场作用下,碳二烃选择性差别不大;甲烷转化率的大小顺序为: MnO_2/Al2O3>Ni/Al2O3>MoO_3/Al2O3>Al2O3>Ni/Al2O3>MoO_3/Al2O3>Ni/NaY>Pd/ZSM-5>Ni/H4Mg2Si3O4>Ni/ZSM-5>Co/ZSM-5>无催化剂:在直流电场作用下,碳二烃选择性差别也不大(除Ni/NaY外),甲烷转化率的大小顺序为: Ni/A12O3>Ni/H4Mg2Si3O4>Ni/ZSM-5>Co/ZSM-5>MnO2/A12O3>MoO3/A12O3>Ni/NaY>无催化剂>Pd/ZSM-5。 相似文献
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ThO2—La2O3/BaCO3复合物催化剂对甲烷氧化偶联反应的低温催化活性 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
用共沉淀法与浸渍法制备的ThO_(2-)La_2O_(3-)BaCO_3三组分复合物催化剂在反应温度600℃ ,催化剂床层热点温度665℃的条件下,采用甲烷/空气共进料方式,可以获得22.4%甲烷转化率和64.6%C_2烃选择性,本文考察了各组分含量对催化性能的影响,用离子阱在线检测考察了在纯ThO_2与三组分复合物催化剂上CO脉冲反应的差别. 相似文献
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报道了CeO_2-W-Mn/SiO_2催化剂常压和加压条件下的甲烷氧化偶联反应性能, 详细考察了反应条件对CeO_2-W-Mn/SiO_2催化剂反应性能的影响. 结果表明, CeO_2-W-Mn/SiO_2催化剂具有优异的催化活性, 常压下可得到29.7%的甲烷转化率和81.3%的C_2烃选择性, 低温活性高, 于710 ℃可得到甲烷转化率11.4%和C_2烃选择性86.7%的结果;该催化剂适宜于加压条件下的甲烷氧化偶联反应, 0.6 MPa下可获得37.2%的甲烷转化率和73.8%的C_2烃选择性. 催化剂表征结果显示CeO_2的加入增强了W-Mn/SiO_2催化剂的储氧能力. 相似文献
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WU Jin-Gang LI Shu-BenState Key Laboratory of Oxo Synthesis Selective Oxidation Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Academia Sinica Lanzhou Gansu 《天然气化学杂志》1995,(3)
The oxidative coupling of methane over Mn2O3-Na2WO4/SiO2 catalyst has been investigated in the absence of dilute gas. 16.4% of C2 yield and 80.4% of the selectivity to C2 hydrocarbons were obtained at CH4/O2 = 8.5/1.5. The effect of flow rate on the selectivity to C2 hydrocarbons and CH4 conversion was different under the reaction condition of different ratio of CH4 to oxygen. The flow rate had a more remarkable effect on the selectivity at the lower ratio of methane to oxygen. The addition of steam into the reaction gas can increase C2 yield to some extent, but that of HC1 decrease the selectivity to C2 hydrocarbons. 相似文献
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Kinetic studies of the oxidative coupling of methane over the Mn/Na2WO4/SiO2 catalyst 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Oxidative coupling of methane is a direct way to obtain C2 hydrocarbon,and Mn-Na-W/SiO2 catalyst is the most promising among all the catalysts.The 2%Mn/5%Na2WO4/SiO2 catalyst was prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method.A 7-step heterogeneous reaction model of the oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons was conducted by co-feeding methane and oxygen at a total pressure of 1 bar over the catalyst.The kinetic measurements were carried out in a micro-catalytic fixed bed reactor.The kinetic data were obtained at the appropriate range of reaction conditions (4 kPa<Po2 <20 kPa,20 kPa<PCZH4 <80 kPa,800℃<T<900℃).The proposed reaction kinetic scheme consists of three primary and four consecutive reaction steps.The conversions of hydrocarbons and carbon oxides were evaluated by applying Langrnuir-Hinshelwood type rate equations.Power-law rate equation was applied only for the water-gas shift reaction.In addition,the effects of operating conditions on the reaction rate were studied.The proposed kinetic model can predict the conversion of methane and oxygen as well as the yield of C2 hydrocarbons and carbon oxides with an average accuracy of ±15%. 相似文献
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The experiments are carried out in the system of continuous flow reactors with dielectric-barrier discharge (DBD) for studies on the conversion of natural gas to C2 hydrocarbons through plasma catalysis under the atmosphere pressure and room temperature. The influence of discharge frequency, structure of electrode, discharge voltage, number of electrode, ratio of H2/CH4, flow rate and catalyst on conversion of methane and selectivity of C2 hydrocarbons are investigated. At the same time, the reaction process is investigated. Higher conversion of methane and selectivity of C2 hydrocarbons are achieved and deposited carbons are eliminated by proper choice of parameters. The appropriate operation parameters in dielectric-barrier discharge plasma field are that the supply voltage is 20-40 kV (8.4-40 W), the frequency of power supply is 20 kHz, the structure of (b) electrode is suitable, and the flow of methane is 20-60 ml · min-1. The conversion of methane can reach 45%, the selectivity of C2 hydrocarbons i 相似文献
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Wonihl Cho Youngsoon Baek Dalryung Park Youg Chai Kim Masakazu Anpo 《Research on Chemical Intermediates》1998,24(1):55-66
Methane, the major constituent of natural gas, had been converted to higher hydrocarbons by a microwave plasma. The yield of C2+ products increased from 29.2% to 42.2% with increasing the plasma power and decreasing the flow rate of methane. When the catalysts were used in the plasma reactor, the selectivities of ethylene and acetylene increased while the yield of C2+ remained constant. Among the various catalysts used, the Fe catalyst showed the highest ethylene selectivity of 30%. When we introduced the actual natural gas, more C2+ products were obtained (46%). This is due to the ethane and propane in the natural gas. When an electric field inductance for evolving the high plasma was applied, a high yield in C2+ products of 63.7% was obtained for the Pd-Ni bimetal catalyst. 相似文献
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制备了纳米(20~50 nm)HZSM-5催化剂, 用XRF, TEM和NH3-TPD等手段对催化剂进行了表征. 以正辛烷及苯和正辛烷混合物的转化为模型反应, 研究了单烃和混合烃在纳米HZSM-5催化剂上的转化行为, 考察了反应条件对产物分布的影响. 结果表明, 纳米HZSM-5沸石催化剂具有很强的烃类转化能力, 烃类通过芳构化、 异构化和烷基化等反应转化为高辛烷值的异构烷烃和芳烃, 产物中异构烷烃(C4~C6)和芳烃的质量分数超过90%. 直链烷烃转化为芳烃以生成苯环为主, 混合烃转化为芳烃以苯和小分子烃的烷基化为主. 控制反应条件可抑制苯和C+9芳烃的生成. 产物分析结果表明, 烃类在纳米HZSM-5催化剂上的裂解、芳构化和异构化等遵循正碳离子机理. 相似文献
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DEHYDROGENATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE UNDER PULSE CORONA PLASMA OVER A MnO|?/|?-A12O3 CATALYST 下载免费PDF全文
Pulse corona plasma was used as an activation method fordehydrogenative coupling of methane at the normal temperature and under' the normal pressure. The exprimental results showed that a great enhancement in the selectivity to C2 was achieved by the combination of pulse corona plasma with a y-Mn2OO3/Y-A12O3 catalyst. The distribution of C2 hydrocarbons was mainly affected by the power input and the nature of the catalyst. In addition, the gas stream direction exerted an influence upon the C2 yield, especially at higher power input. 相似文献
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合成气直接转化高选择性制烃类产物仍是巨大的挑战.本文合成了以Cr-Zn氧化物为核, SiO2为中间过渡层,再通过原位水热合成覆盖一层SAPO-34分子筛为壳的核壳结构催化剂.合成气转化反应结果显示,与纯Cr-Zn金属氧化物相比,核壳结构催化剂将产物分布由甲醇和甲烷移动至C2–C4烃(所有烃类产物中占66.9%).这表明核壳结构催化剂用于合成气一步法直接转化制液化石油气的反应具有可行性,但是催化剂结构和组成有待于进一步优化,以提高其催化反应性能. 相似文献
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工业固定床Fe-Cu-K催化剂浆态床F-T合成适应性研究 总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2
采用连续搅拌釜式反应器,在接近F-T合成实际工况下考察了工业固定床Fe-Cu-K催化剂浆态床F-T合成反应性能,研究反应温度、压力、原料气空速和氢碳摩尔比等操作参数对催化剂反应活性、产物选择性和稳定性的影响,实验总运转时间达2 500 h;同时采用扫描电镜技术(SEM)对催化剂的抗磨损性能进行了研究,结果表明,操作参数对催化剂的活性、选择性和目标产物产率有较大的影响,工业固定床Fe-Cu-K催化剂具有一定的抗磨损性能,F-T合成烃产物分布合理;催化剂具有较高的稳定性,在589 h的稳定条件运行内,催化剂的失活速率为0.23%/d(以CO转化率的降低计);在整个运行期间CH4选择性维持在较低的水平。 相似文献
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Sangho Yoon Yongmin Kim Sunyoung Kim Joongmyeon Bae 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2010,14(10):1793-1800
In this work, the effects of ethylene on the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode were investigated both for an SOFC single
cell and an SOFC stack. Two fuels were used to observe the effects that low hydrocarbons (over C1-hydrocarbons) in the reformate
gas stream have on the SOFC anode. Methane or ethylene was supplied to the electrolyte-supported SOFC anode. Using ethylene
as a fuel, catastrophic degradation of SOFC performance was observed due to ethylene-induced carbon deposition onto the SOFC
anode. Thus, a new methodology, termed “post-reforming,” is introduced for the removal of low hydrocarbons (over C1-hydrocarbons)
from the reformate gas stream. The CGO-Ru catalyst was selected as the post-reforming catalyst because of its high selectivity
for removing low hydrocarbons (over C1-hydrocarbons) and for its long-term stability. The diesel reformer and post-reformer
were continuously operated for ∼250 h in coupled-operation mode. The reforming performance was not degraded, and low hydrocarbons
(over C1-hydrocarbons) in the diesel reformate were completely removed. 相似文献
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共沉淀镍催化剂用于膜反应器中高碳烃类燃料水蒸气重整反应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用共沉淀法制备了NiO/La-Al2O3催化剂,利用低温N2物理吸附、程序升温还原、 H2-O2化学吸附和X射线衍射对催化剂进行了表征,并将该催化剂应用于Pd膜反应器中高碳烃类燃料水蒸气重整反应. 结果表明,催化剂中NiO与载体间存在较强的相互作用. 与常规固定床反应器相比,在膜反应器中,由于高渗透性能的Pd金属复合膜能选择分离氢气,结果氢气产率得到了明显的提高,甲烷的生成得到了有效抑制,并且在接近实用的反应条件下,依然能够得到高的氢气产率和回收率. 高碳烃类燃料水蒸气重整反应制氢的过程可以在一个膜反应器中,利用一种催化剂在反应温度低于823 K的温和条件下实现. 相似文献