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1.
混合表面活性剂模板法合成立方相介孔含钛氧化硅   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
自1992年Mobil公司的M41S系列介孔氧化硅分子筛问世以来[1,2],借助表面活性剂液晶模板方法合成各种孔结构与不同大小孔径的硅基分子筛材料引起了人们的极大兴趣,目前多数工作仍然集中于六方相的介孔分子筛.具有双连续的三维交织立方排列孔道结构的MCM48由于其孔道不易堵塞和良好的骨架结构稳定性[3,4],在催化、吸附和与其为载体的制备等方面具有独特的应用价值.但由于液晶模板形成立方相区的范围非常狭窄,相应的分子堆积比对模板剂分子几何结构要求较苛刻,采用单一表面活性剂为模板剂合成时,条件难以掌握,制备MCM48十分困难.H…  相似文献   

2.
模板技术制备单块介孔分子筛   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
模板技术与溶胶 -凝胶过程结合是合成介孔分子筛的有效方法 .模板通常采用表面活性剂在一定条件下自组装形成超分子结构 ,在不同条件下 ,此超分子结构具有不同聚集形态 ,合成出的介孔分子筛也具有不同的孔道排列方式 [1~ 4 ] .溶胶 -凝胶过程是通过硅源体的水解缩合并缓慢蒸发除去溶剂实现的 .此过程及产物受体系的 p H值影响很大 .在碱性体系中制备的介孔材料通常为粉末状 ,不利于实际应用 ,因此人们更加重视合成具有规则外形的介孔材料[5] .目前报道大多是在酸性体系中制备不同形状的介孔材料 [6~ 12 ] .有关合成单块介孔分子筛的报道…  相似文献   

3.
有机小分子模板法合成二氧化钛中孔材料   总被引:25,自引:0,他引:25  
1992年美国Mobil公司[1,2]首次以表面活性剂为模板,合成出具有特定孔道结构和规则孔径的中孔分子筛.近7年来以离子或中性表面活性剂为模板制备硅中孔或过渡金属掺杂的中孔材料的报道层出不穷[3,4].由于这些材料的孔径较大,分布均匀,以及过渡金属的特殊催化性能使其在分离或催化中得到应用.1998年Wei[5]等首次以葡萄糖、麦芽糖和酒石酸衍生物等非表面活性剂有机分子为模板,制备出高比表面积,孔径可调,窄孔径分布的中孔二氧化硅分子筛.由于有机小分子种类繁多,后处理方便,且有的对环境友好,这为中孔材料的制备提供了一种新方法.迄今为止,以过…  相似文献   

4.
介孔二氧化锆分子筛的合成机理述评   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
MCM-41介孔分子筛的成功开发,不仅打破了微孔分子筛在吸附、择形催化、吸附分离等领域的应用局限性,而且拓宽了新型材料的制备途径.它使人们在材料合成中由过去仅有的经典单分子作用机制,拓展到多分子的液晶模板机理,即超分子自组装过程.由此可以清楚地看到介孔分子筛的开发为人们探索新材料、新结构提供了另一途径,即引入表面活性剂胶束/液晶导向结构.  相似文献   

5.
pH对两步法非离子模板合成MSU-X类硅基介孔结构的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用两步法以非离子型表面活性剂Tween 20为模板剂合成硅基介孔材料, 研究了pH对介孔材料结构的影响. 结果表明, 没有氟离子存在且模板剂浓度较低(约为2%(w))的条件下, 在弱酸性环境中(pH=3.32-4.26)可以制备有序的MSU-X类硅基介孔材料, 本研究中的简单合成体系有助于查明MSU-X合成机理. 对所得介孔材料测试表明, 在同样的合成体系中, 随着体系pH的变化, 所得硅基介孔材料的形貌和孔壁结构都发生了变化.  相似文献   

6.
介孔分子筛HMS-Al、HMS-Et的制备与表征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
HMS[1]是六方结构的介孔二氧化硅分子筛,由中性表面活性剂和中性无机物通过氢键自组装途径合成,具有较大的比表面积和较大的孔容,孔径大小均一。相对于介孔分子筛MCM-41[2]来说,HMS具有较厚的骨架内壁和较丰富的表面羟基,在制备过程中所用模板剂(十六胺)可通过乙醇萃取的方法脱  相似文献   

7.
基于静电作用,阴离子表面活性剂可与阳离子聚铵组装形成复合胶束.借助阳离子聚铵,复合胶束可以作为模板与硅源协同组装,形成高度有序的介孔二氧化硅.本文通过调变不同种类阴离子表面活性剂、合成体系p H值、合成温度及阳离子聚铵和硅源用量等因素,合成了具有不同介观结构和形貌的介孔二氧化硅.实验证实阴离子表面活性剂/阳离子聚铵复合胶束模板法是合成介孔二氧化硅的一种通用方法.  相似文献   

8.
苯及苯磺酸基官能化的中孔分子筛的合成及催化应用   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
近年来 ,通过对介孔分子筛 (如 MCM,HMS,MSU-X)结构及组成的化学“裁剪”,制备具有特定结构和表面性质的催化材料成为该领域的研究热点之一 [1~ 5] .许多文献报道了 MCM-4 1的有机官能化中孔材料的制备技术 [5~ 8] ,并将其应用于有机合成反应 ,取得了较好的结果 [7,8] .其中 MSU-X介孔分子筛结构具有三维排列“Worm-like”孔道特征 ,有利于物料传输 ;相对于 MCM-4 1分子筛在合成方面具有以中性表面活性剂作模板剂且模板剂容易去除等诸多优点[9] .本文采用非离子表面活性剂 C11— 15H2 3— 31(CH2 CH2 O) 9H(AEO9)为模板剂 ,…  相似文献   

9.
以非离子型表面活性剂Triton X-100为模板剂,正硅酸乙酯为硅源,合成了介孔二氧化硅分子筛.利用XRD、N2吸附—脱附、SEM、以及TG-DTA对样品进行了表征,结果表明合成的材料具有有序介孔结构、高比表面积及高孔容。同时比较了不同条件下所得产物的形貌结构,并分析了它们的形成机理。  相似文献   

10.
三头季铵盐表面活性剂导向合成新型立方相介孔二氧化硅   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
介孔分子筛因具有大而均一的孔道、高比表面积及相对良好的热稳定性而在精细化学品催化剂[1,2 ] 、生物大分子分离 [3] 和功能材料的主体 [4 ] 等领域有十分广阔的应用前景 .自 1 992年 Mobil公司合成 M41 S[5,6 ] 系列介孔材料以来 ,HMS[7] ,MSU[8] 和 SBA[9~ 12 ] 系列以及 FDU- 1 [13] 等不同结构的介孔分子筛材料相继被合成 .立方相介孔分子筛因具有三维网状结构和可通性较高的孔道而在反应中不易堵塞 ,相对于一维孔道结构的六角相 MCM- 41和 SBA- 1 5 ,其应用前途更加广阔 .迄今 ,人们已经合成了 MCM- 48[14~ 16 ]( Ia3d) …  相似文献   

11.
Hydroxyapatite (HAP), a well‐known member of the calcium phosphate family, is the major inorganic component of bones and teeth in vertebrates. The highly ordered arrays of HAP structures are of great significance for hard tissue repair and for understanding the formation mechanisms of bones and teeth. However, the synthesis of highly ordered HAP structure arrays remains a great challenge. In this work, inspired by the ordered structure of tooth enamel, we have successfully synthesized three‐dimensional bulk materials with large sizes (millimeter scale) that are made of highly ordered arrays of ultralong HAP microtubes (HOAUHMs) by solvothermal transformation of calcium oleate precursor. The core–shell‐structured oblate sphere consists of a core that is composed of HAP nanorods and a shell that consists of highly ordered HAP microtube arrays. The prepared HOAUHMs are large: 6.0 mm in diameter and up to 1.4 mm in thickness. With increasing solvothermal reaction time, the HOAUHMs grow larger; the microtubes become more uniform and more ordered. This work provides a new synthetic method for synthesizing highly ordered arrays of uniform HAP ultralong microtubes that are promising for biomedical applications.  相似文献   

12.
关英  张拥军 《高分子学报》2017,(11):1739-1752
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAM)微凝胶粒子是一种软的胶体粒子.和单分散的SiO_2、PS、PMMA等硬的胶体粒子一样,单分散的PNIPAM微凝胶粒子也可以自组装成为高度有序的胶体晶体.微凝胶粒子软物质的特性及其对外部刺激的响应性赋予其不同于硬球的组装行为.微凝胶胶体晶体的高度有序结构及其刺激响应性使其在诸多领域有重要用途.本文分别介绍了三维及二维微凝胶胶体晶体组装的研究进展,并对已开发的基于微凝胶胶体晶体的应用进行了总结.  相似文献   

13.
Many naturally occurring biomaterials are composed of laminated structures in which layers of beta-sheet proteins alternate with layers of inorganic mineral. These ordered laminates often have structural and mechanical properties that differ significantly from those of nonbiological materials. An important step in the construction of novel biomaterials is the creation of composites wherein a de novo designed protein assembles into an ordered structure. To achieve this goal, we layered a de novo protein onto the surface of highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). The protein was derived from a combinatorial library of novel sequences designed to fold into amphiphilic beta-sheet structures. Atomic force microscopy reveals that the protein assembles on the HOPG surface into ordered fibers aligned in three orientations at 120 degrees to each other. The symmetry and extent of the ordered regions indicate that the hexagonal lattice underlying the graphite surface templates assembly of millions of protein molecules into a highly ordered structure.  相似文献   

14.
We report the design and synthesis of a liquid crystalline material exhibiting highly ordered smectic phases and high charge carrier-mobility; by a process known as "paramorphosis" highly ordered smectic phases can be transferred to the amorphous crystalline state on crystallisation without the formation of significant crystal grain boundaries and deep traps.  相似文献   

15.
Hexagonally packed nanoporous TiO2 has been developed by a self-templating electrochemical anodization method on titanium foil. The template is made by a two-step anodization process, where highly ordered hexagonally packed dimples are formed on titanium surface through self-organization. The template is then subjected to a third anodization process with a fast voltage ramp rate, from which a highly ordered porous structure is obtained. Such a material with an ordered structure shows enhanced photocatalytic activity as compared to titania nanotube.  相似文献   

16.
We report a method that combines Brewster angle microscopy and Langmuir-Blodgett films technique to obtain highly ordered 2D colloidal crystals of nanospheres. The deposition of Langmuir-Blodgett films of silica spheres monitored by Brewster angle microscopy allows to determine with accuracy the best physical conditions to transfer highly ordered monolayers of nanoparticles.  相似文献   

17.
自然界中许多物质经千万年发展进化,具有特殊结构,决定了它们具有奇异特性.人们对此过程非常关注,试图了解其结构性能关系,从而实现人工合成,仿生学应此而产生.比如天然蛋白石能呈现出鲜艳颜色,其原因在于单分散二氧化硅微球与具有选择性吸收光的某些金属氧化物微粒形成了有序的超晶格结构[1].为了模拟此过程,人们以单分散二氧化硅或聚苯乙烯微粒形成的胶体晶作为模板,实现蛋白石的人工合成[2].可以说,模板合成技术是制备有序材料的有效手段.本文以单分散聚苯乙烯乳胶室温形成的有序膜为模板,采用快速溶胶凝胶方法,制备了聚苯乙烯/二氧化硅…  相似文献   

18.
A one-step nanocasting route has been demonstrated to prepare highly ordered single-crystal indium oxide nanowire (IONW) arrays with mesostructured frameworks. Unlike the reported multistep nanocasting process (synthesis of mesoporous materials, and then incorporation of precursors and formation of inorganic frameworks), a highly ordered mesostructured surfactant-silica monolith with low external surface serves as both the template and the reducing agent and makes the formation of single-crystal IONWs in its channels easily in one step by using normal In(NO(3))(3) as an inorganic precursor. After silica is removed, highly ordered uniform single-crystal IONW arrays with hexagonal (p6mm) or cubic (Ia3d) mesostructures are derived. These new materials are studied by XRD, SEM, TEM, N(2) adsoption, and UV spectrum. Furthermore, this one-step nanocasting synthesis route is a generalized method and can be used to synthesized a highly ordered mesoporous silica monolith with metal oxide nanocrystals in its channels. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a single crystalline mesostructured In(2)O(3) framework.  相似文献   

19.
Most of the approaches so far in fabricating core-shell nanoparticles (CSNs) are based on wet-chemical methods. It is usually difficult to achieve highly ordered CSN arrays on substrates from such a wet-chemical method. In this work, highly ordered indium oxide coated indium CSNs, with a structure-dependence photoluminescence, are fabricated on Si substrates using a three-step oxidation process. By controlling the three-step oxidation process, the volume ratio of the oxide shell to the whole CSN can be adjusted continuously from 0 to 1, which results in fine-tuning of the intensity and peak-shift of the photoluminescence from the CSNs. Our work is based on a dry oxidation method for fabricating CSNs, which is capable of achieving highly ordered CSN arrays with tunable nanostructures and optical properties.  相似文献   

20.
Fluorination and structural change of highly ordered mesoporous carbons were studied. Mesoporous and fluorinated carbons with ordered cubic structure were synthesized and characterized with TEM, FTIR, adsorption, and EDX.  相似文献   

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