Cu2+与烟草多酚氧化酶相互作用研究

本文通过酶活性测定,荧光光谱和紫外光谱研究了外加Cu2+与烟草多酚氧化酶(简称PPO)的相互作用。结果表明,微量铜的加入能增加酶的活性,犤Cu2+犦/犤PPO犦为0.20左右时酶活性最大,犤Cu2+犦/犤PPO犦为0.91时,Cu2+开始表现出对PPO活性的抑制;Cu2+对PPO内源荧光的猝灭机制属于形成络合物所引起的静态猝灭,猝灭常数Ksv为8.0375×103L·mol-1;Cu2+的加入使PPO蛋白质分子构象发生变化,α-螺旋含量增加,多肽链及Trp和Tyr残基的芳杂环进一步向分子内收缩,疏水基团之间的疏水作用增强。     

N-乙基咔唑-3-甲醛席夫碱荧光探针的合成及其检测Cu2+性质

以咔唑为原料,经过两步反应制备得到N-乙基咔唑-3-甲醛,其结构经X射线单晶衍射测定属于单斜晶系,空间群为P2₁/n。再以N-乙基咔唑-3-甲醛与1,3-二氨-2-丙醇为原料,设计、合成了一种新型双席夫碱荧光探针分子CMP。借助荧光光谱在体积比为6∶4的DMSO/H₂O缓冲溶液(Tris-HCl,pH=7.0)中研究了探针CMP对Cu²⁺的选择性识别。研究结果表明,探针CMP与Cu²⁺以1∶2的比例配位,结合常数为1.52×10⁵ L·mol^-1,检出限为0.205 μmol·L^-1。回收实验表明,探针分子CMP可应用于环境水样中Cu²⁺的检测。     

一种铜配位聚合物的合成及其对Fe3+和对硝基苯酚的荧光传感

在水热条件下,基于H₅depa配体和2,2''-bpy配体设计并合成了一个配位聚合物{[Cu₂(Hdepa)(2,2''-bpy)₂(H₂O)₂]·2H₂O}_n(H₅depa=2,2'',3,4'',5-二苯醚五羧酸,2,2''-bpy=2,2''-联吡啶)。用元素分析、红外光谱、单晶X射线衍射和热稳定性分析对其进行了结构表征。配位聚合物1中2个中心Cu²⁺离子均采用五配位模式,呈三角双锥几何构型。未完全去质子化的Hdepa^4-配体采用了μ₄-η¹-η¹-η¹-η¹配位方式。其二维层之间通过弱的氢键相互作用扩展为三维超分子网状结构。1可作为一种高灵敏度、选择性好、多响应的荧光传感器,可快速检测Fe³⁺和对硝基苯酚(4-NP),此外还研究了其荧光猝灭机理。     

皖南尖吻蝮蛇毒糖甙水解酶(NADase)的荧光光谱研究

本文用荧光光谱法研究了皖南尖吻蝮蛇毒糖苷水解酶(NADase)的性质。在pH<6时，pH对NADase的荧光强度影响较大，而在pH>6，pH对NADase的荧光强度几乎没有什么影响，Cu²⁺的加入可引起NADase的内源荧光强度的降低，通过荧光滴定测得Cu²⁺与NADase结合常数K_EM为5.3×10³(mol/L)^-1。I^-对NADase发光的淬灭作用很小，I     

预处理气氛对CuO/CeO2/γ-Al2O3催化剂表面性质及“NO+CO”反应性能的影响

用不同的预处理气氛制备了CeO₂/γ-Al₂O₃载体以调节表面Ce的价态,并以Cu(CH₃COO)₂为前驱体制备了CuCeAl催化剂。XRD和H₂-TPR的结果表明在还原气氛下处理的CeO₂/γ-Al₂O₃载体具有更多的活性氧原子,因此相应的CuCeAl催化剂表面有更多分散态的Cu²⁺/Cu⁺物种。NO+CO反应的结果表明分散态的Cu²⁺/Cu⁺是NO转化的活性物质,而Cu⁰在低温下具有较好的N₂选择性。因此,同时含有分散态Cu²⁺/Cu⁺和少量晶相Cu⁰的催化剂具有最好的催化性能。     

含共轭三烯吡啶配体的配位聚合物的合成、结构及荧光性质

将1,6-双（4-吡啶基）-1,3,5-己三烯（bphte）和镉盐分别与2种羧酸配体（2,5-二呋喃二甲酸（2,5-H₂FDC）及1,3,5-均苯三甲酸（1,3,5-H₃BTC））进行溶剂热反应,得到2个配位聚合物：[Cd （2,5-FDC）（bphte）（H₂O）]_n （1）和[Cd （1,3,5-HBTC）（bphte）]_n （2）。对配合物1和2分别进行了元素分析、红外光谱、单晶X射线衍射、粉末X射线衍射和热重分析表征。配位聚合物1具有spl拓扑结构的三维互穿超分子框架,而配合物2是由bphte配体交叉连接一维链[Cd₂（1,3,5-HBTC）₂]_n形成的三维结构。配合物1和2在固态时表现出不同的荧光性质。配合物2遇到水溶液中Fe³⁺会发生荧光猝灭,因此以其作为荧光探针对水溶液中Fe³⁺进行了选择性荧光检测,它对Fe³⁺的检测限可达到0.013 μmol·L^-1。这种荧光猝灭过程可归因于Fe³⁺离子的吸收带与配合物2的激发带之间存在部分重叠。     

等离激元增强上转换发光及其分子检测应用

针对荧光分子检测普遍灵敏度低和检测范围窄的问题,制备了具有等离子激元共振特性的重掺杂半导体纳米结构Cu_2-xS和典型的稀土掺杂上转换发光纳米颗粒NaYF₄∶Yb,Er,通过三相界面自组装方法获得了Cu_2-xS/NaYF₄∶Yb,Er薄膜基底。结合有限元模拟,计算了不同摆放情况下Cu_2-xS周围的局域电场分布,研究了在实际薄膜中Cu_2-xS纳米盘之间产生的等离激元耦合对上转换发光性能以及对拉曼信号增强的影响。结果表明,Cu_2-xS等离激元层与NaYF₄∶Yb,Er发光层的耦合,不仅得到了上转换 3个数量级的提高,还实现了分子检测 10^-7 mol·L^-1的检测极限,并且获得了 10^-3~10^-7 mol·L^-1的宽线性响应,从而达到高灵敏度的定性和定量双功能的精确检测。     

SILAR法制备化学计量CuInS2薄膜

在室温下，以不同c_Cu/c_In的CuCl₂和InCl₃混合溶液作为阳离子前驱体，Na₂S水溶液为硫源，利用连续离子层吸附反应法(SILAR)在玻璃基底上制备了CuInS₂薄膜。XRD结果表明，当c_Cu²⁺/c_In³⁺在1～1.5范围内均可形成具有黄铜矿结构的CuInS₂薄膜。SEM观察到随c_Cu²⁺/c_In³⁺的升高，薄膜表面颗粒长大并出现团簇聚集。通过XPS测定薄膜表面的化学组成证明当c_Cu²⁺/c_In³⁺=1.25时，CuInS₂薄膜接近其标准的化学计量组成。此时薄膜的吸收系数大于>10⁴ cm^-1，禁带宽度E_g为1.45 eV。     

Ba0.98Bi0.02(Ti0.9Zr0.1)1-xCuxO3陶瓷的介电性能、弛豫行为与结晶化学特性

采用固相合成法, Bi3+作施主掺杂A位, Cu₂₊作受主掺杂B位, 制备了Ba_0.98Bi_0.02(Ti_0.9Zr_0.1)_1-xCu_xO₃(x=0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03)陶瓷样品。借助XRD、LCR等研究了该陶瓷的结构与介电性能。结果表明:当x=0.03时, 陶瓷样品出现第二相。通过GULP模拟, 缺陷偶极子的稳定性从低到高依次为:[2Bi_Ba^·+V_Ba"]、[2Bi_Ba^·+Cu_Ti/Zr"]、[Cu_Ti/Zr"+V_O^··], 结合实验可知:介电弛豫程度与晶体中缺陷偶极子的存在形式相关, 其中x=0.01时, 晶体中以[2Bi_Ba^·+Cu_Ti/Zr"]为主。随Cu₂₊掺杂量的增加, 介电常数增加, 介电常数与B位键价和呈反比变化、与八面体BO₆的体积呈正比变化。     

等离激元增强上转换发光及其分子检测应用

针对荧光分子检测普遍灵敏度低和检测范围窄的问题,制备了具有等离子激元共振特性的重掺杂半导体纳米结构Cu_2-xS和典型的稀土掺杂上转换发光纳米颗粒NaYF₄：Yb,Er,通过三相界面自组装方法获得了Cu_2-xS/NaYF₄：Yb,Er薄膜基底。结合有限元模拟,计算了不同摆放情况下Cu_2-xS周围的局域电场分布,研究了在实际薄膜中Cu_2-xS纳米盘之间产生的等离激元耦合对上转换发光性能以及对拉曼信号增强的影响。结果表明,Cu_2-xS等离激元层与NaYF₄：Yb,Er发光层的耦合,不仅得到了上转换3个数量级的提高,还实现了分子检测10^-7 mol·L^-1的检测极限,并且获得了10^-3~10^-7 mol·L^-1的宽线性响应,从而达到高灵敏度的定性和定量双功能的精确检测。     

Nuclear magnetic resonance of donor atoms as a tool for determination of the structure of platinum metal complexes in solutions

Data on the NMR spectroscopy of C, N, O, Si, P, and Sn donor atoms of platinum metal complexes in solutions are surveyed. The chemical shift of a donor atom mainly depends on the ligand in the trans-position (due to the trans-effect). The chemical shift of a donor atom on a particular coordinate of the complex (coordinate shift, CSh) is an attribute of this coordinate and can be used to identify such a coordinate in platinum metal complexes and to determine the structures of complexes. Based on the known data, CSh diagrams were composed for ¹H, ¹³C, ¹⁴N, ¹⁷O, ¹⁹F, ³¹P, and ¹¹⁹Sn. Examples of using the CShs for determining the structures of platinum metal complexes in solutions are presented.     

On the structure of guanylhydrazones derived from aromatic aldehydes

Summary The synthesis of some novel guanylhydrazones derived from aromatic aldehydes (benzylideneaminoguanidines) is described. Structural assignments of these compounds as well as of some already known congeners, particularly with respect to the configuration of the HC=N double bond, were achieved using¹H- and¹³C-NMR data as well as homonuclear NOE difference spectroscopy.

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Zur Struktur von Guanylhydrazonen aromatischer Aldehyde

Zusammenfassung Die Synthese einiger neuer Guanylhydrazone abgeleitet von aromatischen Aldehyden (Benzylidenaminoguanidine) wird beschrieben. Die Strukturzuordnung bei diesen Verbindungen sowie bei einigen literaturbeschriebenen Analoga — besonders im Hinblick auf die Konfiguration an der HC=N Doppelbindung — erfolgte mittels¹H- und¹³C-NMR Spektroskopie sowie mit Hilfe homonuklearer NOE-Differenzspektroskopie.

     

Mg2+与胆汁蛋白质相互作用研究

胆汁是一中性溶液,在胆汁固形物中,胆汁酸盐、胆固醇、磷脂、蛋白质、胆红素分别占总质量的65%、3%、20%、5%及1%。蛋白质是胆汁固形物中第四多成分,在胆汁的生理功能的发挥和胆结石的形成中起到重要的作用。研究表明,胆汁蛋白质的主要成分是糖蛋白,主要由胆囊粘膜上皮细胞产生     

Study of the initial stages of alkoxo synthesis involving Ti(OBu)4 and cyclophosphites

The reactivities of cyclophosphite precursors in alkoxo syntheses involving titanium(iv) tetra(n-butoxide) were studied by ³¹P NMR and IR spectroscopy. 2-Diethylamido-4-methyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphinane and 4-ethyl-2,6,7-trioxaphosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octane in benzene are inert toward Ti(OBu)₄. Gelation is accompanied by hydrolysis 2-diethylamido-4-methyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphinane to give the corresponding hydrophosphoryl compound, while 4-ethyl-2,6,7-trioxaphosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octane remains intact during gelation.     

Beryllium(II) Complexes with Bis(dimethylamino)phosphorylfluoride: A Multinuclear NMR (31P, 19F,and 9Be) Characterization in Solution

Complexes of beryllium chloride and nitrate with (Me₂N)₂P(O)F were characterized in solution by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and in some cases by IR spectroscopy and conductimetry. ³¹P and ¹⁹F NMR spectra were informative of changes associated with complex formation revealing resonances consistent with different species in solution and suggest an equilibrium between these species in both beryllium derivatives. These compounds show narrow lines in the solution ⁹Be NMR spectra, indicative of a highly symmetric environment for beryllium. The presence of the different species was more pronounced in beryllium chloride complexes. The results are compared to those reported in the literature for hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA).     

Some chemical reactions in the polydiphenylenesulfophthalide—aniline—cyclohexanone system

Two main reactions were observed in the polydiphenylenesulfophthalide—aniline—cyclohexanone ternary system by¹³C NMR and IR spectroscopy: (1) condensation of aniline and cyclohexanone to give the corresponding anil; (2) opening of the sulfophthalide ring in the polymer under the action of aniline. Both reactions also take place in the corresponding binary mixtures, and they should be taken into account in studies of the color and paramagnetic centers in this ternary system. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 3, pp. 546–547, March, 1998.     

The stereochemistry of a nine-membered ring analogue of nefopam,a nonnarcotic analgesic drug

The solid-state structure of a (±)-homonefopam hydrogenfumarate salt having an-O(CH₂)₃N-fragment was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Homonefopam hydrogenfumarate gave crystals belonging to the monoclinicP2₁/c space group, and at ambient temperaturea=10.220(1),b=18.187(2),c=10.687(2)A,=94.43(1),V=1980.5(5)å³ Z=4,R(F)=0.039,R _w =0.039,R _W (F)=0.025. The¹H NMR spectrum of homonefopam hydrochloride in CD₂Cl₂ solution showed two species (7:1 ratio) at the prototropic shift-nitrogen inversion slow exchange limit. The solution-state major species has the same conformation andtrans-to-phenyl axial N-methyl disposition found in the crystal as evidenced by three antiperiplanar vicinal³ J (HH) coupling constants in the oxytrimethyleneamino fragment and vicinal coupling constants involving theN-H proton. TheR-ratio method was used to estimate 64(2) O-C(3)-C(4)-C(5) and 75(3) C(3)-C(4)-C(5)-N(6) dihedral angles for the major species in CD₂Cl₂ solution in accord with its proposed structure. The finding of C(3)-C(4) bond time-averaged magnitude³ J (HH) values and severe broadening of signals from other minor species protons suggests conformational heterogeneity for the solution-state minor species.     

Interaction behaviour of a PDMS–calixarene system and polar analytes characterised by microcalorimetry and spectroscopic methods

Spectroscopic techniques and microcalorimetry were applied to investigate a polymer–(polydimethylsiloxane; PDMS) calixarene system during interaction with propylamine and n-propanol as analyte molecules. This was done to understand the sensitivity and selectivity of this system. By these means the interesting binding site of the calixarene selector was identified and dependencies on specific properties of the polymer and the functional groups were determined. Reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RIfS) was used to characterize the kinetics whereas isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) yielded thermodynamic data. Infrared (IR) and ¹H NMR spectroscopy allowed identification of the sensing process as an interaction between the selective group of the PDMS–calixarene system and the amino group of propylamine, and measurement of the effects on hydrogen bonds. The combination of the different spectroscopic methods and the microcalorimetric measurements broadened the understanding of this system, regarded as a model system. Thus, future tailoring of functional groups designed for improved and more selective analyte detection is possible.     

Polymerization Reactions in an Al(OBus)3-(COOH)2 System

Reactions in an Al(OBu^s)₃-(COOH)₂ (OA)-tetrahydrofuran (THF)/(CD₃)₂SO (DMSO-d₆) system (Al(OBu^s)₃: THF : DMSO-d₆: OA = 1 : 5 : 5 : x, x = 0.01 –3) were studied, without the addition of water and the process was monitored by NMR. When x 0.3, homogeneous solutions were obtained, whereas white precipitates formed with x 0.7. The formation of sec-butyl alcohol was evident with x 0.6, indicating that oxalate groups coordinate to aluminum to release sec-butyl alcohol. ¹³C NMR spectra of the solutions after 1 day suggest the presence of polymeric species if 0.03 x 0.6. The addition of a small amount of water resulted in the formation of a white precipitate (Al(OBu^s)₃: THF : DMSO-d₆ : OA : H₂O = 1 : 5 : 5 : 0.3 : y,y = 0.03–0.3), indicating that water, possibly formed by esterification in the Al(OBu^s)₃-OA-THF/DMSO-d₆ system, does not take a major role in the present system.     

Spectroscopic study of the water-soluble organic matter isolated from atmospheric aerosols collected under different atmospheric conditions

The composition of the water-soluble organic matter from fine aerosols collected in a rural location during two different meteorological conditions (summer and autumn) was investigated by UV-vis, synchronous fluorescence (with Δλ = 20 nm), FT-IR and CPMAS-¹³C NMR spectroscopies. A seasonal variation in the concentration of total carbon, organic carbon and water-soluble organic carbon was confirmed, with higher values during the autumn and lower values during the summer season. The chemical characterisation of the water-soluble organic matter showed that both samples are dominated by a high content of aliphatic structures, carboxyl groups and aliphatic carbons single bonded to one oxygen or nitrogen atom. However, the autumn sample exhibits a higher aromatic content than the summer sample, plus signals due to carbons of phenol, ketones and methoxyl groups. These signals were attributed to lignin breakdown products which are likely to be released during wood combustion processes. The obtained results put into evidence the major contribution of biomass burning processes in domestic fireplaces during low temperature conditions into both the concentration and the bulk chemical properties of the WSOC from fine aerosols.