唐敖庆与中国理论化学

本文回顾唐敖庆先生的科教活动与事迹,从中展现他的学术思想、治学风格。上世纪中叶,他在国内环境中,独立自主地培养人才,开展研究,创建理论化学,并使之繁荣兴旺。他特别重视教学,视相关的课程学习为从业打好基础、开启智力、培植兴趣、进入研究的必经手段。据此,每招收新研究生和开办高层人才培训班时,必先系统授课。而在科研立项中,他...     

土壤胶体化学家虞宏正的学术思想与科学贡献

虞宏正是我国著名的胶体化学与物理化学家、教育家。他扎根西北,融汇世界思想,形成了颇具价值的学术思想,至今仍是当代科学研究的精髓与主导思想。他毕生致力于胶体化学、热力学研究,建立了新的分支学科,开创了土壤科学研究所,培育了几代化学科学家,为中国化学学科和农业科学的发展做出了重要的贡献。     

论科学探究活动中信息的收集与处理

收集与处理信息是科学探究活动的重要组成部分。在这个过程中,学生的主动参与对完成知识的有意义建构、发展探究能力以及促进情感态度价值观的养成都具有积极的意义。收集资料的方法包括观察、实验、查阅、交流、调查与参观等。在利用逻辑和科学抽象方法的基础上,处理信息的方法包括表格化、线图化和科学符号化。     

蒋锡夔研究员及其在物理有机化学和有机氟化学领域的成就

蒋锡夔研究员是我国物理有机化学和有机氟化学的主要奠基人。本文首先介绍蒋锡夔研究员的科学经历,然后介绍他在不同时期取得的代表性科学成就,主要包括有关四氟乙烯的亲电加成反应,氟橡胶研究,亲卤反应,自由基化学及有机分子的簇集与自卷等方面的研究。     

闵恩泽先生小传

闵恩泽先生是在化学化工领域作出突出创新成就和贡献的科学家,他是我国炼油催化应用科学的奠基人、自主创新的先行者、绿色化学与化工的开创者、生物柴油新兴产业的倡导者.自1955年回国至今,他一直活跃在石油炼制与石油化工科学技术前沿第一线,兢兢业业,以科技创新贡献国民经济50多年.他对我国炼油事业的起步、发展和步入世界先进行列,对推     

现代固态有机化学之父——Gerhard M.J.Schmidt

本文主要介绍了GerhardM.J.Schmidt教授的生平、代表性的科研工作及其意义、影响和应用,从中展现出他的优秀品质、治学精神、杰出成就以及影响力。Schmidt教授少年早慧,求学艰辛,天赋独特,痴迷科学,为科学事业奋斗终身,在多个领域都有着卓越的成就,其中以固态有机化学领域最具代表性。他在科研的同时还担任诸多行政职务,为魏茨曼研究所、以色列乃至全世界的科学发展做了许多贡献。     

基于核心素养的HPS教学实践——以“甲烷”为例

基于化学核心素养，以“打开第二自然界的大门”开启甲烷的科学探究与体验之旅，在“历史线”“活动线”“知识线”等3条认知与体验路线中，经历科学概念的形成过程，实现对“稻草变黄金”科学本质的理解，有效地将HPS教育与化学核心素养结合起来，使学生体会化学发展的过程与方法，感受化学的学科魅力和发展成就，以提高学生的学习兴趣。     

中国近代化学教育家——张贻侗

张贻侗是中国近代著名的化学教育家。他对北京师范大学、北平大学、西北师范大学及西北大学的化学教育作出了积极贡献,同时他也积极投身科学普及工作。本文介绍了张贻侗的生平简历、科学成就及其思想,以纪念这位对中国化学高等教育做出杰出贡献的化学家。     

恩格斯与化学

作为一位世界无产阶级的伟大导师和领袖的恩格斯,他曾深入学习和研究过自然科学,在这方面具有很深的造诣,本文主要讲述恩格斯在研究化学方面的成就.     

将门虎子——2006年度诺贝尔化学奖简介

2006年10月,瑞典皇家科学院将2006年诺贝尔化学奖授予美国斯坦福大学的罗杰.D.科恩伯格教授,表彰他在揭示真核细胞转录的分子机制方面的杰出贡献。罗杰.科恩伯格的父亲阿瑟.科恩伯格也曾在1959年因为解析DNA复制机理而获得诺贝尔生理学和医学奖。罗杰早在高中时代就决心投身科学,最终以他过人的天赋、诺贝尔奖家庭的科学熏陶和持之以恒的努力,成为揭开真核基因转录分子机制的科学巨匠。罗杰的科学经历和成就应验了中国的一句古话:“将门虎子”。图1科恩伯格父子罗杰.D.科恩伯格(Roger D Kornberg)1947年出生于美国密苏里州的圣路易斯,先…     

立体化学教学中不对称催化科研成果的融入

在基础有机化学教学中引入不对称催化的概念和科研成果,可将立体化学融入贯穿到有机化学课程的章节教学中,丰富立体化学的教学内容。通过对知识点的串联解析使学生了解不对称催化反应,从而逐步加深对立体化学的理解。组织相关研究方向的学术专题报告和科研实践,不仅有助于巩固相关理论知识,还可以让学生在知识熏陶和实验实践中培养自身的学术素养和科研能力,提高学习热情和积极性。     

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac (1778-1850) and analytical chemistry

On the occasion of Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac's 200th anniversary, after a short comprehensive review of his scientific activities and his life, his achievements in the field of analytical chemistry are discussed. Gay-Lussac extensively studied the reaction of hydrogen sulphide with different metals and consequently may be considered the founder of classical qualitative analysis. He developed titrimetry into a scientific method. He designed the first burette that became widespread in use. The terms burette and pipette were created by him. The combustion apparatus designed by him together with Thénard was the starting point for organic elemental carbon-hydrogen analysis.     

Attachment and detachment of particles to and from fluid interfaces

In this topical review, we commemorate some of the outstanding contributions of Prof. Peter Kralchevsky in the field of colloid and interface science. In particular, we focus on his achievements on phenomena involving the attachment and detachment of colloidal particles to and from fluid interfaces, giving a personal perspective on how his work has inspired our own research and the activities of a thriving scientific community. We specifically concentrate our presentation on the issues of emulsion stability via particle adsorption and desorption, particle organization via capillary immersion forces and on the relevance of electrostatic barriers to spontaneous particle adsorption. This review takes the reader through numerous developments, from the early ‘90s to the present day, and reflects on the importance of the legacy of the work of Prof. Kralchevsky for the years to come.     

Joel Bernstein: a crystal engineer's crystal engineer

Joel Bernstein was a gentle giant in the field of organic solid‐state chemistry and a person who inspired anyone who was in his presence and attended his charismatic lectures over the five decades of his academic career. This commentary looks at his scientific publishing career.     

Sadi Carnot: His Life and Achievements. Against the Historical Period–a Short Bibliographical Sketch

The life and work of Sadi Carnot are presented against the historical and political background existing in Europe before and after his birth. His achievements are analyzed and shown to reflect the influence that his family and education had on his development as a scientist, engineer, and military officer. In spite of his short life, the scientific consequences of his work have set the foundations of thermodynamics as we know it today.     

Johannes Jacobus Van Laar Unappreciated Scientist

Van Laars academic and research career was adversely affected by psychological traumas he experienced during his youth. Loss of his parents at a young age, submission to a hard discipline, and lack of a formal university education made van Laar emotionally unstable and gave him many enemies, among them van der Waals. Still, Van Laars scientific achievements have resulted in the transformation of mathematical chemistry into the independent subjects known today as chemical thermodynamics and theory of phase equilibria. Discussed here as well is Van Laars theory of solutions using the state of thermodynamics at his time and modern thermodynamic concepts.     

有机杂环化合物在金属表面的化学及电化学聚合

介绍了2004年国家自然科学奖二等奖获奖项目“有机杂环化合物在金属表面的化学及电化学聚合”的主要科学内容、学术界的引用评述以及在学科发展、人才培养方面的成果。     

Analytical Chemistry Department of Tomsk State University

The history of the Department, teaching activities, and basic scientific directions and achievements are reviewed.