209Bi NQR in Mixed Oxides 2Bi2O3· B2O3, 3Bi2O3· 5B2O3, and Bi2O3· 3B2O3

It was earlier found from nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements and computer modeling that -Bi₂O₃, Bi₃O₄Br and mixed oxides Bi₂O₃· 2Al₂O₃, Bi₂O₃· 2Ga₂O₃, Bi₂O₃· 3GeO₂, and 2Bi₂O₃· 3GeO₂exhibit local ordered magnetic fields from 30 to 200 G. It thus follows that these compounds are not diamagnets in a conventional sence of the word. With the aim of revealing previously unknown magnetic properties in bismuth(III) oxide-based Main Group element compounds, the mixed bismuth–boron oxides 2Bi₂O₃· B₂O₃, 3Bi₂O₃· 5B₂O₃, and Bi₂O₃· 3B₂O₃were prepared and studied using ²⁰⁹Bi NQR. The quadrupole interactions of the ²⁰⁹Bi nuclei and their electronic environment were studied, the crystallochemical features of the compounds were discussed, and the conformity of the ²⁰⁹Bi results to the X-ray structure data was verified. The preliminary tests in the field of a permanent magnet showed that the resonance intensities increase in external magnetic fields, indicating that a magnetism of unknown nature develops in the titled compounds. It was found reasonable to continue studies of the magnetic properties of these compounds using single-crystal ²⁰⁹Bi NQR in external magnetic fields.     

Y2O3, La2O3, Sm2O3对氧化铝瓷烧结及力学性能的影响

研究了3种稀土氧化物对氧化铝陶瓷烧结性能和力学性能的影响.结果表明 含Y2O3,La2O3,Sm2O3的添加剂促进了氧化铝瓷的烧结,提高了氧化铝瓷的力学性能.Y2O3和Sm2O3掺量为0.50%,La2O3掺量为0.75%时氧化铝瓷在1600或1620 ℃保温2 h烧结,相对密度达98.9%以上,强度超过439 MPa,断裂韧性达5.15 MPa·m1/2以上.微观结构分析表明,Y2O3,La2O3,Sm2O3抑止氧化铝晶粒生长,细化晶粒,使晶粒尺寸较均匀形成致密化结构.     

固体强酸催化剂S2O2-8/ZrO2-Al2O3-M2O3(M=Cr,Ce,La)的制备

酯化反应;固体强酸催化剂S2O2-8/ZrO2-Al2O3-M2O3(M=Cr;Ce;La)的制备     

SiO2,Al2O3上涂载TiO2,ZrO2,La2O3制备Pd催化剂的研究

采用浸渍法制备了Ｌａ２Ｏ３，ＴｉＯ２，ＺｒＯ２以单层状态分散在ＳｉＯ２，Ａｌ２Ｏ３上的改性载体。用ＸＰＳ求得它们的最大单层分散阈值为：０．２２ｇＬａ２Ｏ３／１００ｍ＾２ＳｉＯ２，０．２７ｇＬａ２Ｏ３／１００ｍ＾２Ａｌ２Ｏ３，０．０４ｇＴｉＯ２／１００ｍ＾２ＳｉＯ２，０．０３６ｇ ＴｉＯ２／１００ｍ＾２Ａｌ２Ｏ３，０．０７ｇＺｒＯ２／１００ｍ＾２ＳｉＯ２，０．０８ｇＺｒＯ２／１００ｍ＾２Ａｌ２Ｏ３．     

La2O3,Y2O3-Mo次级发射材料研究

采用粉末冶金方法制备了La2O3，Y2O3-Mo次级发射材料，测试了各种材料的次级发射系数。结果表明在钼中加入稀土氧化物可以具有很好的次级发射性能。经过激活处理后，材料的最大次级发射系数均高于2．0，达到了材料使用要求的发射水平。应用扫描电镜(SEM)和光电能谱仪(XPS)研究了稀土元素在烧结体断口和发射前后在试样表面的分布情况。分析结果表明稀土元素易于在晶界处偏聚，且发射后试样表面稀土元素的相对浓度明显高于发射前的浓度。     

Ga2O3-La2O3-Yb2O3-Er2O3(HO2O3)体系光谱性质的研究

根据稀土离子能级的特点,对Ga2O3-La2O3-Yb2O3-Er2O3(HO2O3)体系的光谱性质进行了探讨,发现它们有二类发光性质:Stokes发光和反Stokes发光,研究了发光强度和发射波长与掺杂离子的依赖关系,观察到由能量的共振转移引起的荧光浓度猝灭现象,并取得了最大发光强度时的掺杂离子浓度和一些规律性结果.     

五元体系Li+/Cl-,CO2-3,SO2-4,B4O2-7-H2O 298 K相关系实验研究

青藏高原盐湖富含锂、钠、钾的氯化物、硫酸盐、碳酸盐和硼酸盐,尤以其高锂、硼而闻名于世….这些盐湖卤水大多属于Li+,Na+,K+,Mg2+/Cl-,SO2-4,CO32-,Borate-H2O体系.在卤水蒸发浓缩后期,由于绝大部分钠盐、钾盐均已结晶析出,所以卤水的化学组成实际变成Li+,Mg2++/Cl-,SO2-4,CO2-3,Borate-H2O体系.这种复杂水盐体系相关系的研究对于制定从天然卤水中提取稀有元素锂、硼的工艺过程,阐明含锂盐湖的形成和演化规律都有十分重要的意义,是乔必不可少的基础性研究工作.     

3Li2O·B2O3-20%LiCl-H2O过饱和溶液20℃结晶动力学研究

配制3Li2O*B2O3-20%LiCl-H2O过饱和溶液在20±0.1℃恒温水槽中静置.采用结晶动力学方法研究过饱和溶液的结晶过程,此过饱和溶液结晶后析出Li2O*B2O3*4H2O一种固相,拟合给出结晶动力学方程,同时对结晶反应机理进行了探讨.     

MgO-B2O3-28%MgCl2-H2O体系O℃热力学非平衡态相图

采用结晶动力学方法对MgO-B2O3-28%MgCl2-H2O体系0℃时过饱和溶液的结晶过程进行了研究,结晶析出固相通过化学分析确定了组成,并用X-射线粉末衍射和红外光谱等对其进行了表征.给出了该体系0℃时的热力学非平衡态相图.该相图有4个相区,分别与H3BO3、MgO@3B2O3@7.5H2O、2MgO@2B2O3@MgCl2@14H2O和3Mg(OH)2@MgCl2@8H2O相对应.     

Infrared,Raman and XPS spectroscopic studies of Bi2O3–B2O3–Ga2O3 glasses

Glasses with compositions 60Bi₂O₃–(40?x)B₂O₃–xGa₂O₃ (x = 5, 10, 15, 20 mol%) are prepared by conventional melting method. The thermal properties are investigated by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and the structures of the glasses were probed by Infrared, Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that density, refractive index and optical basicity increase with the increase of Ga₂O₃. The glass transition temperature (T_g), the onset crystallization temperature (T_x), ΔT (T_x?T_g) decrease with the content of Ga₂O₃. The cut-off edges in ultraviolet and infrared shift to longer wavelength with the increase of Ga₂O₃. On the other hand, the addition of Ga₂O₃ causes a progressive coordination number change of the boron atom from 3 to 4. XPS result indicates both Bi⁵⁺ and Bi³⁺ exist in 5 mol% Ga₂O₃ content, while Bi⁵⁺ amounts decrease with the increase of Ga₂O₃ contents. The glass is mainly composed of [BiO₆], [BO₃], [BO₄] and [GaO₄] polyhedra. Glasses are supposed to have layer structure. [BO₃] triangle and [BO₄] tetrahedra may be located between the [GaO₄] tetrahedral and [BiO₆] octahedra to prevent crystallization and to compensate electric charge.     

Reactions of CH3SH and CH3SSCH3 with gas-phase hydrated radical anions (H2O)n(•-), CO2(•-)(H2O)n, and O2(•-)(H2O)n

The chemistry of (H(2)O)(n)(?-), CO(2)(?-)(H(2)O)(n), and O(2)(?-)(H(2)O)(n) with small sulfur-containing molecules was studied in the gas phase by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. With hydrated electrons and hydrated carbon dioxide radical anions, two reactions with relevance for biological radiation damage were observed, cleavage of the disulfide bond of CH(3)SSCH(3) and activation of the thiol group of CH(3)SH. No reactions were observed with CH(3)SCH(3). The hydrated superoxide radical anion, usually viewed as major source of oxidative stress, did not react with any of the compounds. Nanocalorimetry and quantum chemical calculations give a consistent picture of the reaction mechanism. The results indicate that the conversion of e(-) and CO(2)(?-) to O(2)(?-) deactivates highly reactive species and may actually reduce oxidative stress. For reactions of (H(2)O)(n)(?-) with CH(3)SH as well as CO(2)(?-)(H(2)O)(n) with CH(3)SSCH(3), the reaction products in the gas phase are different from those reported in the literature from pulse radiolysis studies. This observation is rationalized with the reduced cage effect in reactions of gas-phase clusters.     

ZrO2–Sc2O3 Solid Electrolytes Doped with Yb2O3 or Y2O3

Russian Journal of Electrochemistry - The effects of the Y2O3 and Yb2O3 co-doping impurities on the transport characteristics and stabilization of the cubic phase in solid solutions based on...     

KF-Al2O3催化合成2-甲基-1-苄基苯并咪唑

苯并咪唑类杂环化合物具有杀菌、消炎、抗癌、抗氧化的活性,广泛用于食品的防虫和防腐,用于动、植物病毒的防治,人体疾病和肿瘤的防治[1-3],本文用KF Al2O3作催化剂,用DMF为溶剂,利用2 甲基苯并咪唑与苄基溴反应合成2 甲基 1 苄基苯并咪唑的新型方法,考察了诸因素对产率的影响,找出了最佳的反应条件。合成路线如下:1　实验部分1 1　仪器与试剂Brurer AM 500超导核磁共振波谱仪(溶剂CDCl3);CarloErbal1106型元素分析仪,NicoletIm pact410型红外光谱仪,KBr压片,HP1100型和Finnigan FTMS 2000型质谱仪(以上均由华东理工大学分析…     

A Convenient Synthesis of 2, 3 - DI- O - Acetyl-1, 6 - Anhydro- β - D – Glucopyranose

Abstract

1, 2, 3-Tri-O-acetyl-6-O-benzyl-4-O-chloroacetyl-α- and -β-D-glucopyranose (4α β)were derived from 1, 2, 3-tri-O-acetyl-4, 6- O -benzyl-idehe-β-D-giucopyranose (1) in two steps. Compound 1, 1, 2, 3-tri-O -acetyl-β-D-glucopyranose (2), and 4α,β were subjected to the cyclization reaction using Lewis acids ( SnCl₄ and BF₃-etherate), to give corresponding 1, 6-anhydro derivatives.     

Y2O3提高Al2O3-30％TiCN复合材料的抗热震性能

研究采用热压法制备含Y2O3的Al2O3-30％TiCN复合材料的热震性能。结果表明：材料的抗热震性是由材料的显微结构及增韧机制所决定。通过SEM观察及热震理论计算可知：Al2O3-30％TiCN复合材料断口起伏较大。由于稀土Y2O3的加入，生成少量的YAC相，抑制了Al2O3和TiCN晶粒长大，有助于提高含稀土Y2O3的Al2O3-30％TiCN复合材料断裂韧性。有效地阻止了热震裂纹的进一步扩展及合并，提高了复合材料的抗热震性。200～800℃淬火温度范围内添加Y2O3的Al2O3-30％TiCN复合材料的残留压痕强度明显高于未加Y2O3的复合材料，且抗热震阻力较大。含Y2O3的Al2O3-30％TiCN复合材料的裂纹萌生阻力R’比不含Y2O3的复合材料提高12％，而裂纹扩展阻力R‘‘‘‘则提高5％，这是由于Y2O3的加入生成少量的YAC相，抑制了Al2O3晶粒长大，复合材料的强度和韧性以及热震时裂纹萌生和扩展的阻力得到提高，从而提高了复合材料的抗热震性。     

Gas phase reactions of Cl2O with X−(D2O)n=0–4 (X = O,OD, O2, DO2, and O3)

The reactions of Cl₂O with the cluster ions X⁻(D₂O)_n=0–4 (X = O, OD, O₂, DO₂, and O₃) were studied in a He buffer gas at temperatures within the range 171–298 K and pressures of 0.27–0.51 Torr, using a flow-tube apparatus. All ions were found to react with Cl₂O at rates slower than predicted by the collision rate and the charge center was transferred from X⁻ to Cl⁻ or ClO⁻. The primary product ions Cl⁻(DOCl) and ClO⁻(DOCl) were observed to react further to produce the ions Cl₃O⁻ and Cl₃O₂⁻. The rate constants for the observed reactions are reported and the role that thermodynamics plays in determining possible reaction channels is discussed.