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1.
以熔融缩聚法合成了一系列基于聚乙二醇 (PEG) 聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯 (PBT)的聚醚酯热塑性弹性体 ,用NMR、IR、DSC及力学性能测试等方法表征了材料的结构及性能 .讨论了在相同软段长度情况下 ,不同硬段长度对材料结构与性能的影响 .实验表明 ,随着体系中硬段PBT长度的减小 ,弹性模量、抗拉强度降低 ,特性粘度、吸水量及断裂形变量增加 ,材料性能良好可调  相似文献   

2.
不同软段长度PBT-co-PBS-b-PEG嵌段共聚物的合成与表征   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
用熔融缩聚法合成了一系列具有不同软段长度的聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯 (PBT) co 聚丁二酸丁二酯(PBS) b 聚乙二醇 (PEG)嵌段共聚物 (PTSG) ,考察了PEG分子量 (Mn(PEG) )及PBS摩尔分数 (MPBS)对材料性能的影响 实验表明 ,随Mn(PEG)增加 ,缩聚反应时间延长 ,所得产物分子量均呈较为对称的单峰分布 ,多分散性指数小于 2 0 硬段序列结构分析显示 ,随MPBS 增加 ,PBT平均序列长度减小 ,而PBS平均序列长度增加 ,二者呈无规分布 .受组成及硬段平均序列长度变化影响 ,材料内部呈微观相分离状态 ,DSC曲线上可分别观察到软、硬段熔点及玻璃化转变温度 ;硬段熔点及结晶度随MPBS升高而降低 ,主要是受其平均序列长度变化及共晶作用所致 .材料断裂延伸率及降解速率均随Mn(PEG)及MPBS增加而增加 ,可见提高软段长度及降低硬段结晶度等均能有效改善共聚物高分子链的柔韧性及亲水性 ,赋予共聚物更好的降解性能 .  相似文献   

3.
张勇  冯增国  刘凤香  张爱英 《化学学报》2002,60(12):2225-2231
用熔融缩聚法合成了一系列基于聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚丁二酸丁 二醇酯(PBS)及聚乙二醇(PEG)的嵌段共聚物(PBT-co-PBS/PEG)。^1H NMR结 构分析显示,软段摩尔百分含量恒为20%。随组成中PBS含量增加,软段质量百分 含量略微升高,硬段PBT平均序列长度由2.80逐步减至1.23,PBS平均序列长度由1. 27逐步增加到4.76,无规度在1.1附近,两者呈无规分布。受组成及硬段平均序 列长度变化影响,材料内部呈微观相分离状态,DSC热分析曲线上可分别观察到软 、硬段熔点(Tm,s,Tm,h)及玻璃化转变温度(Tg,s,Tg,h)。硬段熔点及结晶度随 PBS含量升高而降低,在50-60mol%处达到最小值,则是PBS与PBT二者间形成共晶 所致。力学性能测试及水解降解实验表明,将脂肪族聚酯PBS引入PEGT/PBT共聚体 系,可赋予高分子链更好的柔韧性及亲水性,加快降解速率。  相似文献   

4.
张勇  张爱英  冯增国 《化学通报》2002,65(5):304-311
综述了聚醚酯热塑性弹性体聚忆二醇/聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PEG/PBT)的合成、组成与性能关系及其在组织工程和药物缓释体系等方面的应用研究进展。PEG/PBT是一类力学性能优良、可降解和生物相容性良好、极具应用潜力的生物材料。  相似文献   

5.
用差示扫描量热法(DSC),广角X射线衍射(WAXD),傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)等技术研究了对苯二甲酸丁二酯-ε-己内酯(PBT—PCL)多嵌段共聚物中硬链段的受限结晶。结果表明,PBT—PCL共聚酯中软硬链段在非晶区的混容性比较好,不同组成的样品均显示出一个玻璃化转变温度;对硬段含量超过50%的共聚酯来说,硬链段可以结晶,而软链段不能结晶;由于硬链段的受限特点,BT硬链段的结晶受软链段的影响和制约,其结晶能力随硬段序列长度的增加而逐渐增大。  相似文献   

6.
聚乳酸-聚乙二醇-聚乳酸三嵌段共聚物的降解性能   总被引:15,自引:3,他引:12  
以辛酸亚锡为引发剂,聚乙二醇大分子为共引发剂进行现交酯开环聚合,制备了系列聚乳酸(PLA)-聚乙二醇(PEG)-聚乳酸(PLA)三嵌段共聚物。从共聚物在生理盐水 中降解时特性粘度[η],质量和热行为的变化,考察了PEG分子量和丙交酯/PEG(摩尔比)对共聚物降解行为的影响,结果表明,PEG嵌段对共聚物的降解速率有重要影响,丙交酯/PEG一定时,PEG分子量越大,共聚物越容易降解,PEG嵌段长度一定时,丙交酯/PEG越大,共聚物降解速率越小。  相似文献   

7.
用二步法合成了不同软段 (PPO ,PEG ,PEPA)聚氨酯 酰亚胺 (PUI)嵌段共聚物 ,FTIR光谱表征了所有合成PUI分子主链均含有酰亚胺链段 ,并研究了PUI嵌段共聚物的热性能受软段类型及长度的影响 .DSC研究表明聚酯型PUI的软硬段之间的相容性比聚醚型PUI好 ,随相同软段分子量的增加 ,PUI体系的软硬段兼容性变差 ,并显示了相分离的特征 ;热失重 (TGA)研究得出不同软段的PUI样品的热稳定性大小顺序为 :PEPA PUI >PEG PUI>PPO PUI ;动态力学 (DMTA)研究给出了所合成的PUI样品在 5 0~ 2 0 0℃范围内均出现了较长的模量平台显示出有较好的耐热性 ,且随硬段含量的升高其储能模量不断增强  相似文献   

8.
温敏性PCL-PEG-PCL水凝胶的合成、表征及蛋白药物释放   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
考察了温敏性PCL-PEG-PCL水凝胶中聚乙二醇(PEG)及聚己内酯(PCL)不同嵌段组成对其溶胶-凝胶相转变温度以及亲水性药物(牛血清白蛋白,BSA)释放速率的影响.采用开环聚合法,以辛酸亚锡为催化剂、PEG1500/PEG1000为引发剂,与己内酯单体发生开环共聚,合成了一系列具有不同PEG和PCL嵌段长度的PCL-PEG-PCL型三嵌段共聚物.通过核磁共振氢谱及凝胶渗透色谱对其组成、结构及分子量进行了表征.共聚物的溶胶-凝胶相变温度由翻转试管法测定.利用透射电镜、核磁共振氢谱及荧光探针技术证实了该材料在水溶液中胶束的形成.以BSA为模型蛋白药物,制备载药水凝胶,利用microBCA法测定药物在释放介质中的浓度,研究其体外释放行为.实验结果表明,共聚物的溶胶-凝胶相变温度与PCL及PEG嵌段长度紧密相关,即在给定共聚物浓度情况下,固定PEG嵌段长度而增加PCL嵌段长度,会导致相变温度降低;而固定PCL嵌段长度而增加PEG嵌段长度,其相变温度相应升高.水凝胶中蛋白药物的释放速率与疏水的PCL嵌段长度无关,而与亲水的PEG嵌段长度密切相关,即PEG嵌段越长,蛋白药物释放越快.  相似文献   

9.
用熔融缩聚法合成了一系列聚(对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯-co-对苯二甲酸环己烷二甲醇酯)-b-聚乙二醇嵌段共聚物(PBCG),用NMR,GPC,DSC,TGA及力学性能测试等方法表征了材料的结构与性能.GPC分析显示,共聚物分子量均具有较为对称的单峰分布,多分散性指数低于1.70.13CNMR谱结果表明,随PCT摩尔分数(xPCT)从10%增至60%,PBT平均序列长度由4.02降到1.41;而PCT平均序列长度则由1.17升至2.50,二者呈无规分布.受硬段平均序列长度及结晶能力影响,硬段熔点及结晶度在xPCT为20%~30%处均达到最小值,可能是硬段间形成共晶所致.TGA分析显示,引入芳香族聚酯组分PCT确可提高材料的热稳定性.力学性能测试说明,降低结晶度有利于提高材料的断裂延伸率,相反,则有助于增强弹性模量,断裂强度及屈服强度.  相似文献   

10.
聚谷氨酸苄酯-聚乙二醇嵌段共聚物的合成和表征   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
通过嵌段共聚技术,合成了聚γ-苄基L-谷氨酸(PBLG)作为疏水性链段-聚乙二醇(PEG)作为亲水性链段的嵌段共聚物。用对甲苯磺酸酯化-氨水皂化法合成带有端氨基的聚乙二醇(AT-PEG),光气-甲苯液相法制备谷氨酸苄酯-N-羟酸酐(BLG-NCA)。用AT-PEG引发BLG-NCA聚合制备PBLG-PEG或PBLG-PEG-PBLG,通过不同的单体、引发剂浓度比调节聚合物分子量。用GPC、^1HNMR、IR对聚合物的结构进行了表征。结果表明,带有端氨基的聚乙二醇确实能引发BLG-NCA生成PBLG和PEG的嵌段共聚物,产物中几乎没有残存的PEG,共聚物的分子量可控。  相似文献   

11.
The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.  相似文献   

12.
非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。  相似文献   

13.
Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.  相似文献   

14.

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

  相似文献   

15.
翟宗玺  刘树深  夏树屏 《化学学报》1990,48(10):946-950
用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。  相似文献   

16.
In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.  相似文献   

17.
Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, Mo, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

18.
Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position.  相似文献   

19.
20.
针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。  相似文献   

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