X射线荧光光谱法测定土壤和水系沉积物等样品中碳、氮、氟、氯、硫、溴等42种主次和痕量元素

采用粉末压片制样,用X射线荧光光谱法测定土壤、水系沉积物等样品中C、N、F、S、Cl、Br、Na、Mg、Al、Si、P、K、Ca、Ti、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb、Ga、As、Rb、Sr、Y、Zr、Nb、Th、U、Ba、La、Ce、Nd、Ge、Yb、W、Hf、Sc、Sn、Mo、Cs等42种元素。着重研究了C、N、F、S和Cl等元素的测量条件和存在问题;并研究了痕量元素的背景选择和谱线重叠校正的问题。方法的检出限,精密度和准确度绝大多数能满足覆盖区多目标地球化学调查样品的质量要求。     

微量元素与食物

含钙高的食物:牛奶、黄豆、乳制品、海参、海带、蚕豆、豆制品、芝麻酱、虾皮、燕麦、小麦、酸奶、牛肉等。含镁高的食物:荷叶、香蕉、黄豆、蕃茄、绿豆、红小豆、蕃石榴、蜂蜜、燕麦等。含锌高的食物:牡蛎、猪肝、鱼类、高锌鸡蛋、板栗、核桃、红枣、黄鳝、海参等。含铁高的食     

微量元素与疾病

缺钙(Ca)症状:佝偻病、骨质疏松、腰腿酸软无力、手足麻木、抽搐、易激动,头痛、经期痛、记忆力下降、生殖能力下降、白发、失眠、盗汗、精神失常、尿石症。缺镁(Mg)症状:心肌坏死、心肌梗塞、代谢性碱中毒、动脉硬化、心血管病、关节炎、白血病、白内障、糖尿病、胃肿瘤、胃结     

元素医学食疗法治病有疗效

南京金陵微量元素与健康研究所用元素医学食疗法治疗冠心病、癌症、脑血管病、老年痴呆症、糖尿病、艾滋病、帕金森氏综合症、脑中风及其后遗症、小儿脑瘫、系统性红斑狼疮、癫痫、精神分裂症、血小板减少、肌痉挛、肌无力、肌萎缩、胆汁反流、偏头痛、前列腺肥大、性机能低下、不孕、不育、肝胆结石、脱发、斑秃、白瘢风、银屑病、再障贫血、血友病、白血病、荨麻疹、哮喘、风湿、类风湿、高（低）血压、高血脂、高血糖、高血沉、高尿酸、动脉硬化、骨质疏松、元素中毒症,地方病,遗传病等现代医学界束手无策的疑难病症,先后都获得了很好的疗效。     

高频感耦等离子光源粉末法应用于化探样品中多元素测定

本文用云南省地质局实验室研制的固体粉末送样装置,制定了ICP光源直接粉末法在硅酸盐类试样中一次摄谱同时测定Ag、As、B、Ba、Be、Bi、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Ga、Ge、Hf、In、La、Li、Mn、Mo、Nb、Ni、Pb、Sc、Sr、Sn、Ta、Ti、Tl、V、Y、Yb、Zn、Zr32个元素。相对标准偏差在10％之内,灵敏度、准确度达到化探要求。本法是一种灵敏度高,重现性好,记忆效应小,测量范围广,测定多元素的快速方法。     

“全国第一届近红外光谱学术会议”在北京成功召开

由中国分析测试协会和中国石油学会石油炼制分会共同主办的全国第一届近红外光谱学术会议于2006年10月28日至30日在北京西郊宾馆的会议中心举行。来自清华大学、浙江大学、天津大学、南开大学、吉林大学、上海交通大学、西安交通大学、哈尔滨工业大学、中国农业大学、中南大学、第二军医大学、后勤工程学院、第二炮兵工程学院、海军航空工程学院、暨南大学、广西大学、首都师范大学、山东轻工业学院、中国计量学院、中科院光机所、中科院上海技术物理研究所、石油化工科学研究院、中国林科院、中国农业科学院、总后油料研究所、中国药品生物制品检定所、南京地矿所、     

X射线荧光光谱法测定化探样品中主、次和痕量组分

采用粉末样品压片制样，用PW2440X射线荧光光谱仪对化探样品中氯、溴、硫、氧化钠、氧化镁、三氧化二铝、二氧化硅、磷、氧化钾、氧化钙、钛、锰、三氧化二铁、钴、铌、锆、钇、锶、铷、铅、钍、锌、铜、镍、钒、铬、钡、镧、铈、钕、钪、镓、砷、铪等34个组分进行测定。讨论了微量元素的背景选择和谱线重叠校正及氯测定的问题。使用经验系数法和康普顿散射线作内标校正基体效应，经标准物质检验，分析结果与标样值吻合，用GBW 07308国家一级标准物质作精密度试验，统计结果RSD（n=12）除砷、钒、镍、铜〈6．0％，溴、硫、铈、铪、钕、钪、氧化钠、镧、铬、钴和钍〈14．0％以外，其余各组分均小于3．0％。     

新生儿脐血清微量元素测定及与生长发育关系研究

应用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定也３３名新生儿脐血清中１７种微量元素（铁、铜、锰、锌、钴、钼、硒、铬、锡、钒、硅、镍、镉、铅、锶、钛、铝）及３种常量元素（钙、磷、镁）的含量。结果表明,新生儿脐血清微量元素性别分布接近,仅女婴血清铬、钒高于男婴,但地区差异明显,城镇新生儿脐血清中锰、锌、锶、钛、钙较高,而钼、硒、铬、铝较低。多元回归分析显示,血清元素铁、锰、锌、硒、硅、锶、钙被引人新生儿体重和发育     

物理化学学报

正投稿范围热力学,动力学和结构化学(化学平衡与热力学参数、量热学、非平衡态热力学与耗散结构、统计热力学、宏观动力学、分子动态学、超快动力学、激发态、溶液化学、复杂流体、溶液结构、大气化学、动态结构、分子结构、体相结构、簇、谱学)理论与计算化学(量子化学、统计力学、模拟方法与应用、计算化学、化学信息学)电化学和新能源(电极过程动力学、界面电化学、电催化、谱学电化学、电化学表面科学、材料电化学、光电化学、纳米电     

中国化学会的发起和成立

1932年8月1日,当时的教育部在南京召开化学讨论会,讨论化学译名、国防化学及课程标准。来自各地曾经留学欧、美、日的化学学者,丁嗣贤、王箴、王琎、巴文峻、戈福祥、朱骥、沈熊庆、吴承洛、吴沆、李方训、李乃尧、李运华、周萃禨、林大中、林继庸、邵家麟、胡安恺、姚万年、陶延桥、容启兆、徐宗涑、徐作和、时昭涵、倪则埙、高露德、张江树、张洪沅、张郁岚、张资琪、康辛元、陈之霖、陈可忠、陈裕光、曾昭抡、程瀛章、邬保良、叶     

环糊精衍生物气相色谱手性固定相研究进展

评述近年环糊精衍生物气相色谱手性固定相的研究进展,对环糊精衍生物进行分类并总结了近年来其在GC手性分离上的应用,介绍环糊精衍生物的手性分离机制及纯度问题进展,展望环糊精衍生物作GC手性固定相的应用前景。     

Structure and growth of self-assembling monolayers

The structural phases and the growth of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are reviewed from a surface science perspective, with emphasis on simple model systems. The concept of self-assembly is explained, and different self-assembling materials are briefly discussed. A summary of the techniques used for the study of SAMs is given. Different general scenarios for structures obtained by self-assembly are described. Thiols on Au(1 1 1) surfaces are used as an archetypal system to investigate in detail the structural phase diagram as a function of temperature and coverage, the specific structural features on a molecular level, and the effect of changes of the molecular backbone and the end group on the structure of the SAM. Temperature effects including phase transitions are discussed. Concepts for the preparation of more complex structures such as multi-component SAMs, laterally structured SAMs, and heterostructures, also with inorganic materials, are outlined. The growth and ways to control it are discussed in detail. Solution and gas phase deposition and the impact of various parameters such as temperature, concentration (in solution) or partial pressure (in the gas phase) are described. The kinetics and the energetics of self-assembly are analyzed. Several more complex issues of the film formation process including non-equilibrium issues are discussed. Some general conclusions are drawn concerning the impact of various molecular features on the growth behavior and concerning the relationship between growth and structural phase diagram. Finally, the potential of self-assembly as a route for the preparation of monolayers with pre-designed properties and SAMs as building blocks in heterostructures as well as application strategies are discussed.     

Simultaneous determination of carbohydrates and organic acids in beer and wine by ion chromatography

The simultaneous determination of mono-organic acids and carbohydrates by ion chromatography with both conductometric and pulsed amperometric detection is described. The carbohydrates, such as mannitol, arabinose, glucose, fructose, lactose, sucrose, raffinose, and maltose, as well as monoorganic acids including acetate, glycolate, formate, pyruvate, and fluoride are separated as anions by ion-exchange chromatography with 0.080 mol/L sodium hydroxide eluent at 1 mL/min within 12 min. Carbohydrates are determined by pulsed amperometric detection and mono-organic acids are determined by suppressed conductivity detection. The species in beverages are determined.     

The use of solid sorbents for direct accumulation of organic compounds from water matrices–a review of solid-phase extraction techniques

The main principles of solid-phase extraction techniques are reviewed in this paper. Various solid sorbents can be used as a suitable trap for direct accumulation of organic compounds from aqueous solutions. The trapped analytes can be desorbed by elution with suitably chosen liquid phases. These preconcentration procedures can be considered as low performance liquid chromatography and the efficiency of the procedure can thus be related to the retention characteristics of the preconcentration column. The main sorbents used for trace enrichment purposes are also reviewed. Besides, the concise methodology, sample storage, and automation are discussed. The advantages of solid phase extraction as compared to liquid-liquid extraction are given as well as some drawbacks of this method.     

几种方酸菁染料的NMR及光谱特性研究

研究了几种方酸菁染料的核磁、可见、荧光光谱。通过二维核磁共振谱和¹³CNMR确定了分子的结构和构型。测定了其在不同溶剂中吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱及其发射的荧光量子产率。发现它具有微弱的正向溶致变色特性,通过光谱特征分析得出整个分子处于平面结构并形成一个长的共轭体系,其激发态和基态的结构相近的结论。同时,讨论了结构对分子电荷分布及相应荧光光谱特征的影响。     

Chemical reaction and Soret effects on MHD convective flow of second grade fluid through an absorbent medium with ramped wall temperature as well as ramped surface concentration

In the present paper, the heat generating and/or absorption as well as thermo-diffusion on the unsteady free convection MHD gyrating flow of radiation and chemical reactive second grade fluid past an unbounded perpendicular plate during absorbent medium have been discussed. Here, it is assumed that, the confining plate has the ramped wall temperature with ramped surface concentration and isothermal temperature with ramped surface concentration. The analytical solutions for the governing equations are found by utilization of Laplace transformation methodology. The velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are analyzed with quite few figures. It is determined that, velocity, temperature and concentration distribution sketches in case of ramped temperature as well as ramped surface concentration are not as much of as those of isothermal temperature as well as ramped surface concentration. In addition to the idioms of skin friction, Nusselt number as well as Sherwood number are achieved and characterized numerically with tabular format.     

Chromatographic determination of fungicides in biological and environmental matrices. New achievements

The newest results in the chromatographic analysis of synthetic and natural fungicides present in biological and environmental matrices are collected and critically evaluated. Examples of the employment of gas chromatography, liquid chromatographic technologies, such as thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatographic methods as well as electrically driven systems are presented. The advantages and disasdvantages of the various chromatographic technologies are briefly discussed and the efficacies of the methodologies are compared.     

Optimal group symmetric localized molecular orbitals

Summary The concept and generating method of optimum group symmetric localized molecular orbitals (OSLMOs) are proposed. The OSLMOs have strong points of orthogonality, equivalence and symmetry, and they are simultaneously as close to the classical VB structure as possible. By using the OSLMOs as one-electron orbitals the multiconfigurational correlation calculations are reduced. The scheme is also a valuable popularization and development to hybridization theory.     

New NIR-emitting complexes of platinum(II) and palladium(II) with fluorinated benzoporphyrins

New platinum(II) and palladium(II) complexes with fluorinated benzoporphyrins are prepared and characterized. The photo-physical and electrochemical properties, as well as quenching by oxygen are investigated. The complexes possess highly efficient room-temperature NIR phosphorescence and are excitable with blue- and red-light. The fluorinated derivatives show improved photo-physical properties and photo-stability. The new dyes are particularly suitable as indicators for the use in optical oxygen sensors.     

Detection of electronic and vibrational coherences in molecular systems by 2D electronic photon echo spectroscopy

Two-dimensional optical photon echo spectra are simulated for model systems which exhibit vibrational, electronic and a combination of electronic and vibrational coherent dynamics. The coherent motion manifests itself as periodic beatings of the spectrum cross-peak intensity with the population time. The intensity modulations are compared to evolution of the excited-state population and coordinate expectation value. The advantageous capabilities of the technique as well as possible difficulties in spectra interpretations are outlined. Possibilities for distinguishing electronic and vibrational coherences are discussed.