共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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近红外与中红外光谱技术在土壤分析中的应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
传统的土壤分析方法周期长、成本高,不能在短时间内获取所需的土壤信息,如何快速、准确地获取土壤信息成为农业现代化的必然要求。漫反射光谱技术以其快速、廉价、非破坏与无污染等特点,已成为环境研究中获取相关土壤信息的重要技术手段,其中的近红外(NIR,780~2500nm)和中红外(MIR,2500~25000nm)光谱技术预测土壤理化特性逐渐成为国内外学者研究的重点领域。文章介绍了近红外和中红外光谱技术的基本原理和分析方法,综述了该技术在土壤分析方面的具体应用,并对此提出了一些观点和展望。 相似文献
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近些年,近红外光谱分析技术得到了迅猛发展,该技术可直接对气体、液体和固体等各种复杂混合物进行定性和定量分析,具有分析速度快、效率高,可实现无损和在线分析等优势,在科研和工农业生产中发挥着越来越重要的作用。近红外光谱分析仪的微小型化是一个重要的发展方向,近期出现了众多不同类型的商品化微小型近红外光谱仪器。手持式或便携式现场快速分析是一种更经济、更高效、更灵活的方法,具有小体积、低功耗、低成本、便于二次开发等优点,在农业、食品、医药、石油化工和安全等众多领域获得了广泛的研究与应用。物联网技术在智能农业、智能工厂、智能医疗和智慧城市等众多领域的兴起,成为推动近红外光谱传感器向着微型化方向发展的主要力量。该文主要综述了近些年新型的商品化微小型(便携式、手持式和袖珍式)近红外光谱仪器及其应用进展,并对该技术的发展趋势和应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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近红外光谱定量校正模型的建立及应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了近红外光谱定量校正模型的建立步骤,从样品集的选择,光谱的采集,定量校正模型的建立和验证,到模型适用性判据的建立.在此基础上,剖析了影响近红外光谱分析结果的因素,并讨论了在实际应用过程中应注意的关键性问题. 相似文献
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介绍了近红外反射光谱(NIRS)技术的基本原理,着重评述了其在动物营养研究中的评价动物饲料及日粮的营养价值、估测动物采食量及消化性能、估测动物的营养健康状况等方面的应用进展(引用文献37篇)。 相似文献
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建立了一种基于近红外光谱分析技术的香菇产地鉴别方法。利用近红外光谱仪扫描不同主产地的香菇干样,获得样品的近红外漫反射光谱。利用偏最小二乘判别分析(PLSDA)分别建立了吉林、湖北、福建3个省份栽培香菇的产地判别模型,同时使用光谱预处理和波长筛选技术对判别模型进行优化,最后使用预测样品对模型进行验证。结果表明,使用原始光谱建立的模型能够初步实现对产地的判别,使用光谱预处理技术扣除光谱中的背景信息,同时利用波长筛选技术选择特定波长对模型进行优化后,可进一步提高预测正确率。该方法为香菇产地真实性溯源提供了一种新方法,对香菇产业发展具有重要的实际意义。 相似文献
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唐振豪;张智勇;沙鑫;叶成;李文龙 《分析测试学报》2024,(7):1086-1096
水光谱组学是一门利用水-光相互作用来探索系统水结构的科学。它以生命体系中的水作为研究对象,利用光谱技术探测水分子在不同环境下的结构变化,在分子水平上反映生命体系中水分子与其他分子的相互作用或水在生命体系中的功能。该文介绍了近红外水光谱组学的概念和原理,包括相关的化学计量学算法和可视化模型;并对水光谱组学在生命科学、农产品/水产品/食品质量控制、生物化学分析与活性物质表征、建筑材料、中医药等领域的广泛应用进行总结。最后,对近红外水光谱组学技术及其现状进行了评论和展望。 相似文献
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焦慧平;莲花;李润甜;渠弼;白文明 《化学研究与应用》2025,(2):439-448
本文基于近红外光谱结合化学计量学方法建立预测肉苁蓉药材水分、浸出物、灰分、苯乙醇苷、多糖和甘露醇含量的快速无损分析方法。采集各批次肉苁蓉样品的近红外漫反射光谱,利用传统分析方法测定各批次肉苁蓉样品中各成分含量的化学分析值,采用偏最小二乘回归法和支持向量机回归法结合各种光谱前处理手段建立由肉苁蓉近红外光谱预测水分、浸出物、灰分、苯乙醇苷、多糖和甘露醇含量的定量模型,并通过校正组样品和验证组样品评价模型的预测精度和稳定性。采用偏最小二乘法建立的预测苯乙醇苷、多糖、甘露醇和灰分含量的最优定量模型的预测值和化学分析值间的相关系数rc和rv分别为0.950 7和0.916 5,0.980 6和0.908 9,0.937 5和0.941 7,0.938 2和0.919 4。采用支持向量机回归法建立的预测水分和浸出物含量的最优定量模型的预测值和化学分析值间的相关系数rc和rv分别为0.960 2和0.934 8、0.901 8和0.910 0。本研究建立的含量测定方法分析速度快、不破坏分析样品的药用价值。 相似文献
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Even though NIR spectroscopy is based on the Beer–Lambert law, which clearly relates the concentration of the absorbing elements with the absorbance, the measured spectra are subject to spurious signals, such as additive and multiplicative effects. The use of NIR spectra, therefore, requires a preprocessing step. This article reviews the main preprocessing methods in the light of aquaphotomics. Simple methods for visualizing the spectra are proposed in order to guide the user in the choice of the best preprocessing. The most common chemometrics preprocessing are presented and illustrated by three real datasets. Some preprocessing aims to produce a spectrum as close as possible to the absorbance that would have been measured under ideal conditions and is very useful for the establishment of an aquagram. Others, dedicated to the improvement of the resolution of the spectra, are very useful for the identification of the peaks. Finally, special attention is given to the problem of reducing multiplicative effects and to the potential pitfalls of some very popular methods in chemometrics. Alternatives proposed in recent papers are presented. 相似文献
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采用“基于角度度量的多变量回归方法”对维纶和腈纶混纺纤维各组分含量进行检测,并与直接用偏最小二乘法(PLS)对混和纤维的预测结果作对比。实验结果显示,PLS法对维纶和腈纶预测值与实际值的线性相关系数r均为0.9457,标准偏差为6.0906,均方根误差为6.9948。角度度量法对维纶预测值与实际值的线性相关系数r为0.9990,标准偏差为0.8929,均方根误差为2.1896;对腈纶预测值与实际值的线性相关系数r为0.9928,标准偏差为2.1896,均方根误差为3.9493。实验证明,角度度量法比PLS法更能准确表达定量关系,角度度量法可以显著降低分析操作对环境的要求,满足了近红外光谱在混纺纤维定量分析上的要求。 相似文献
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《Journal of Chemometrics》2018,32(5)
In this study, the application of near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for online monitoring of the Moluodan extraction process was investigated. Paeoniflorin, the main active component of Moluodan, was chosen as the quality index. Samples were partitioned into calibration and validation sets by random select and set partitioning based on joint X‐Y distances algorithm (SPXY), respectively. Wavelengths for modeling were selected by manual method and competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (Cars) algorithm. Particle swarm optimization–based least square support vector machines (PSO‐LS‐SVM) and partial least squares models were both established for quantitative analysis to determine the content of paeoniflorin online. At last, 8 models were obtained according to the combination of these algorithms and the SPXY‐Cars‐PSO‐LS‐SVM model had the best quantitative analysis performance compared with the other 7 models. Specifically, in the developed SPXY‐Cars‐PSO‐LS‐SVM model, the determination coefficients of the calibration and validation sets were 0.99 and 0.95, respectively, and the root mean square errors of the calibration and validation sets were 0.012 and 0.024 mg/mL, respectively, and the relative standard errors of the calibration and validation sets were 2.84% and 6.34%, respectively. These results suggested that the appropriate sample partition, wavelength selection, and regression analysis methods in this study, namely, the SPXY‐Cars‐PSO‐LS‐SVM algorithm combined with NIR spectroscopy, could be an effective and real‐time approach for online monitoring of the extraction process of Moluodan. 相似文献
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近红外光谱在蛋白质和含酰胺基团聚合物研究中的应用* 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
近红外光谱(near-infrared spectroscopy,NIR)是一种常用的无损表征手段,但谱带强度弱、交叠情况严重等缺点局限了它的应用范围。本文介绍了几种常见的改善近红外光谱技术不足的方法,如二阶导数法、二维相关光谱法和化学计量法等,并举例阐述了近红外光谱在蛋白质和含酰胺基团聚合物的结构和含量等方面的应用。这些方法对近红外光谱的定性定量分析起了很好的辅助作用,有效地拓宽了近红外光谱技术的应用领域。 相似文献
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《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(2):227-241
IR and NIR spectra were correlated to Hildebrand and Hansen solubility parameters through use of multivariate data analysis. PLS‐1 models were developed and used to predict solubility parameters for solvents, crude oils, and SARA fractions. PLS regression showed potential for good correlation of the solubility parameters with IR and NIR spectra. Principal component analysis of IR spectra showed that crude oils are grouped according to their relative contents of heavy components such as asphaltenes. PCA of IR spectra for SARA fractions resulted in obvious groupings of the respective fractions. Prediction of solubility parameters from IR spectra of polymers, crude oils, and SARA fractions gave values that are comparable to literature values. This study indicates that correlation of solubility parameters with IR and NIR spectra is possible. In turn, it may be possible to develop models that can predict the polarities of crude oils and crude oil fractions such as resins and asphaltenes. 相似文献