高效液相色谱分析青藏高原长梗喉毛花植物中的酮

1　引　　言龙胆科 (Ｇｅｎｔｉａｎａｃｅｓｅ)植物长梗喉毛花 (ＣｏｍａｓｔｏｍａＰｅｄｕｎｌｕｌａｔｕｍ[ＲｏｇｌｅｅｘＤ .Ｄｏｕ]Ｈｏｌｕｂ)分布在西藏、青海、甘肃和四川北部 ,生长在海拔 3 0 0 0～ 4 80 0ｍ的河滩和高山草甸等环境中。《晶珠本草》记载 :植物长梗喉毛花比之加滴色淡而软 ,叶微黄。藏名“桑斗” ,藏医常用药。全草入药 ,性味苦寒 ,有利湿祛痰、清热解毒、舒肝利胆等功效。藏药长梗喉毛花富含酮类化合物 ,酮又称苯并色原酮。自然界得到酮是黄色的酚性化合物 ,它是有广泛的生理活性 ,具有解肝毒、护肝、抗炎…     

利用植物细胞培养方法进行羟基化反应

洋地黄强心甙是一类重要的强心药物,大多是从紫花洋地黄(Digitalis purpurea)和毛花洋地黄(Digita(?)s lanata)二种植物中提取分离纯品,例如洋地黄毒甙(Digitoxin,Ⅰ)、异羟基洋地黄毒甙(Digoxin,Ⅱ)、羟基洋地黄毒甙(Gitoxin,Ⅲ)等。只有在碳-12位上有羟基的所谓 C-甙才有重要药用价值,但是在分离过程中大量混有碳-12位上没有羟基的所谓 A-甙,     

地高辛等强心甙的单扫示波极谱测定

本文报道在0.01M ICH_2COONH_4-0.2M NH_4Cl底液中,用单扫示波极谱测定地高辛、洋地黄毒甙和毛花强心丙等心血管药物。它们的还原峰电位顺次为-1.54,-1.53和-1.60V(vs.SCE)。峰电流与地高辛浓度在2.0—60ng/ml,洋地黄毒甙在5.0—400ng/ml,毛花强心丙在15—125ng/ml范围均有良好的线性关系。对25ng/ml地高辛测定12次的变动系数为1.74％。     

五味子酯J和五内酯F的分离与结构

从长梗南五味子(Kadsura Lorgipedunculata Finet.et Gagnep)种子中分得2个新化合物: 五味子酯(schisantherin)J(1)和五内酯(schisanlactone)F(2); 4个已知物: 五内酯(Schisanlactone)A、schizandronic acid、表安五酸(epianwuweizic acid)和二甲基去当归酰五味子酯F, 抗癌药理筛选表明, 在体外2对白血病P-388细胞有明显抑制作用。     

五内酯E和长南酸的分离与结构

从浙江临安产的长梗南五味子(Kadsura longipedunculata Finet. etGagnep.)根皮中分得2个新三萜化合物: 五内酯E(Schisanlactone E, 1)和长南酸(changnanic acid 2)以及3个已知物: 五内酯B(schisanlactone B,3)、meso-二氢愈创木脂酸(meso-dihydoguaiaretic acid,4)和β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,5)。1和2在体外对白血病p-388细胞有明显地抑制作用, IC50分别为1μg/mL和10μg/mL。本文报道其分离、鉴定与结构研究。     

毛喉萜合成研究概况

毛喉萜1(Forskolin)是从印度唇形科鞘蕊花属植物毛喉鞘蕊花(Coleus forskohlii)中分离出来的一个二萜类化合物。1977年Bhat等报道其结构为:7β-乙酰基-8.13-环氧1α,9α-双羟基-6β-羟基-劳丹-14-烯-11-酮。     

长萼小连翘醇提物中黄酮类与金丝桃素类成分的HPLC/DAD-MS联用分析

利用HPLC/DAD-ESI(-)MS联用技术对植物长萼小连翘(Hypericum erectum subsp.longisepalum L.H.Wu et D.P.Yang)中主要化学成分进行了分离分析,初步鉴定出金丝桃素、伪金丝桃素、原伪金丝桃素、绿原酸、芦丁、金丝桃苷、槲皮素等12种黄酮类、酚酸类和金丝桃素类等化学成分.     

新的植物生长调节剂——三十烷醇

三十烷醇-1(1-Triacontanol或1-Hydroxy-triacontane)又称蜂花醇(Myricyl alcohol或Melissyl alcohol),它作为一种新的、天然存在的植物生长调节剂,对植物的生长和发育具有特殊的调节和控制作用,已引起国内外的广泛重视。偶然的发现美国密执安州立大学园艺系教授里斯(S.K.Ries)博士等人发现,施过苜蓿的地里长的庄稼,产量较高。于是,在1975年他们把切碎的苜蓿(Medicago Sativa L.)干草成行施于水     

中药木瓜挥发油成分的GC-MS分析

木瓜为常用抗风湿药,现代药理及临床研究表明木瓜具有舒经活络和胃化湿的功用~([1]),为蔷薇科植物贴梗海棠的干燥近成熟果实(又称皱皮木瓜)~([2]).目前,中药木瓜的研究主要在性状、理化性质鉴别、药理作用等方面;而对所特有的挥发性成分研究较少.史亚歌等~([3])采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取光皮木瓜挥发油进行了GC-MS分析.本研究针对浙江产中药木瓜,以水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油,采用毛细管气相色谱-质谱联用进行分离和鉴定,为进一步阐明中药木瓜化学组成及合理开发利用木瓜资源提供参考.     

长梗千里光呋喃雅槛兰型倍半萜的结构研究

我们曾从甘肃省漳县采集的长梗千里光全草中分离并鉴定出两个呋喃雅槛兰型倍半萜. 在此基础上, 本文对其脂溶性化学成分进行深入研究, 除了发现倍半萜外, 又分离并鉴定出2个呋喃雅槛兰型倍半萜. 通过IR， UV， MS， CD和NMR等数据分析, 确定了4个化合物的结构, 其中, 化合物3首次在长梗千里光中分离得到, 化合物4是一种新化合物, 通过圆二光谱及核磁共振和NOE差谱研究其立体化学结构, 并按Dreiding models构筑该化合物分子的立体化学结构, 确定该化合物为Non-steroid型构象.     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.