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1.
现在常用的蓄电池有二种,一为酸性蓄电池即铅蓄电池,此种电池按其极板制造方法的不同可分为普兰脱式、涂粉式、胶管式等。另一为硷性蓄电池,如镍镉及铁镍蓄电池,其中可分为有极板盒式,无极板盒式及烧结式等。此两类电池各有其优点,各有其使用场所。以硷性蓄电池来说,极板是用薄的镀镍钢片,包以氧化  相似文献   

2.
再生燃料电池的研究与应用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
与传统二次电池(铅酸蓄电池、锂电池)相比,再生燃料电池在储能时间、能量密度、使用寿命和环境保护方面占有优势,可广泛应用于航天、军事领域和现场蓄能系统。本文介绍了再生燃料电池的原理、分类和应用情况,详细阐述了再生燃料电池双效电极和双效电极催化剂的制备方法以及水热管理的研究进展,指出再生燃料电池的不足之处并进行了展望。  相似文献   

3.
唐有根 《电化学》2007,13(3):348-348
本书是全面介绍电池的一本专著,不仅包含了从电池原理、电池设计到电池应用和选择的相关基础理论和实用知识,而且对市场上广泛得到实际应用的各种电池体系进行了详细和深人的介绍.特别是书中非常详细的介绍了20世纪末发展起来的新型电池体系,包括称为绿色电池体系的锂离子蓄电池和金属氢化物/镍蓄电池等.同时,  相似文献   

4.
锡基非晶态材料的化学合成及其嵌锂性能的初步研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
刘立  杨汉西 《电化学》1998,4(4):361-364
锂离子电池是近年来化学电源领域研究与发展的热点.为了进一步提高电池的能量密度,开发高容量嵌锂材料是锂离子电池技术发展的关健.目前,广泛应用的嵌锂负极多采用石墨结构碳素材料,其充放电容量已接近LiC6的理论比容量372mA·h/g.与此同时,采用其它类...  相似文献   

5.
本文讨论了中学电化学教学中的两方面问题:一是电化学中的三大类电极如何构成各种原电池,并正确写出电极反应和电池反应,由反应正确设计出电池提出了规律性建议并示例;二是将原电池理论应用于电化学腐蚀,讨论了析氢腐蚀和吸氧腐蚀的可能性及规律,并解释了中学常见的疑难问题。  相似文献   

6.
正交表诸因素对铁电极充电效率的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
铁镍蓄电池具有理论比能量高,原材料丰富,价廉,环保等优点.它有良好的应用前景.本文概述了铁镍电池现有的优点、缺点和铁电极的制作方法.本文通过正交实验探讨不同因素对铁电极充电效率的影响,着重讨论了电解质溶液中添加剂对铁电极充电效率的影响.在本文中铁电极充电效率从30%~60%被提高到80%,这将有助于实现铁镍电池的密封.  相似文献   

7.
目前我国边疆地区风力发电装置采用的储能电池绝大部份都用汽车起动用电池,其寿命仅一年左右,而且维护不便,因此急需一种新型风力储能蓄电池。长春应化所和哈尔滨蓄电池厂共同研制成功了6-FA-100型风力储能用铅酸蓄电池。该产品针对国内铅酸蓄电池使用寿命较短的弱点,根据风力储能电池的使用条件,改进了电极和电池的整体结构,采用了自行研制的低锑多元合金,铅钙合金  相似文献   

8.
锂及锂离子蓄电池有机溶剂研究进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
从有机溶剂对电池安全性的影响,氧化稳定性,与负极的相容性及对电解液电导率的影响四个方面,论述了锂及锂离子蓄电池有机溶剂的化学和电化学,介绍了碳酸酯类,醚类和羧酸酯类溶剂的性质与电极的相容性及在有机电解液中的应用,对含硫,硼基及胺类有机溶剂等也作了论述。  相似文献   

9.
童一波  裘向明 《电化学》1997,3(3):302-307
研究了由于水损耗,热失空而引起固定型阀控式铅酸蓄电池失效的原因,认为通过提高电池内部氧再复合效率,采用合适的电池槽盖材料及减少正板腐蚀,可解决水损耗问题,热失控问题可通过改善电池外部条件解决。  相似文献   

10.
影响锂离子电池安全性的因素   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
胡广侠  解晶莹 《电化学》2002,8(3):245-251
锂离子电池的安全性一直是锂离电池,特别是大型锂离子电池研制、生产、使用中的关键性问题,通过对锂离子电池的材料、制造工艺以及使用条件等方面的探讨,分析影响锂离子二次电池安全性的各种因素。  相似文献   

11.
In response to energy shortages and environmental concerns, global energy consumption is transitioning from a reliance on fossil fuels to multiple, clean and efficient power sources. Energy storage is central to the development of electric vehicles and smart grids, and hence to the emerging nationally strategic industries. Today, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are among the most widely used energy storage devices in daily life, but they face a severe challenge to meet the rigorous requirements of energy/power density, cycle life and cost for electric vehicles and smart grids. The search for next-generation energy storage technologies with large energy density, long cycle life, high safety and low cost is vital in the post-LIB era. Consequently, lithium-sulfur and lithium-air batteries with high energy density, and safe, low-cost room-temperature sodium-ion batteries, have attracted increasing interest. In this article, we briefly summarize recent progress in next-generation rechargeable batteries and their key electrode materials, with a particular focus on Li-S, Li-air, and Na-ion batteries. The prospects for the future development of these new energy storage technologies are also discussed.  相似文献   

12.
碳材料具有价格低廉、 易制备、 环境友好、 导电性高、 比表面积大以及适合离子存储和迁移等优点, 已成为目前应用于电化学储能器件电极的重要材料之一. 石墨炔(GDY)是一种新型的二维碳同素异形体, 由sp2碳杂化形式的苯环和sp碳杂化形式的炔键构成. 这种独特的化学结构一方面保持了碳材料良好的导电特性, 另一方面形成了新颖的离子传输通道, 为碳材料带来了不同的离子传输和存储特性. 与此同时, 由于石墨炔的空间结构可调性, 可以通过引入异原子微调石墨炔电子结构, 拓展石墨炔在电极材料领域的应用. 本文重点对近几年异原子杂化石墨炔基电极材料在锂离子电池、 钠离子电池、 金属硫电池、 电容器、 金属空气电池和电极保护等储能领域的研究工作进行总结, 并对未来石墨炔类材料在储能领域的发展进行了展望.  相似文献   

13.
杨裕生 《电化学》2020,26(4):443
本文回顾了22年来作者的电化学储能研究活动,共分三个部分. 第一部分叙述高比能量、高比功率储能器件研究,包括锂硫电池研究(硫复合正极材料、锂硫电池制作、锂硼合金作为锂硫电池负极、硫-锂离子电池新体系)、超级电容器研究(超级活性炭、以酚醛树脂为原料制备电容炭、碳纳米管阵列中寄生准电容储能材料、氧化镍干凝胶准电容储能材料、归纳出电容炭材料的性能要求、电容器研制、确定“第四类”超级电容器)、锂离子电池研究(锂离子电池与可再生燃料电池的对决、双变价元素正极材料、磷酸钴锂正极材料、高功率锂离子电池的制作). 第二部分叙述规模储能电池研究,包括液流电池新体系研究(蓄电与电化学合成的双功能液流电池、全金属化合物单液流电池、有机化合物正极的单液流电池)、致力于振兴铅酸电池(推广铅蓄电池新技术、铅炭电池的研究、铅酸电池新型板栅的研究),储能电池(站)的经济效益计算方法. 第三部分叙述电动汽车发展路线研究,包括氢能燃料电池电动汽车、纯电动汽车与混合动力汽车、对我国电动汽车发展路线的建议、力争电动汽车补贴的合理化、坚守电动汽车“节能减排”宗旨、提出“发电直驱电动车”. 最后的结束语谈了三点感悟.  相似文献   

14.
Energy storage will witness a leap of understanding of new battery chemistries.Considering the safety that cannot be compromised,new aqueous batteries may surface as the solutions to meet the immense market needs,where the growth of renewables is no longer limited by the lack of storage.Aqueous Zn-metal batteries are intriguing candidates to deliver the desirable properties and exhibit competitive levelized energy cost.However,the fact that most commercial Zn batteries are primary batteries states the difficulty of reversibility for the reactions of electrodes in such batteries.This article will highlight the practical needs that guide the development of storage batteries.The causes of irreversibility for both cathode and zinc metal anode are discussed,and the potential solutions for these challenges are summarized.Zn metal batteries may one day address the storage needs,and there exists a vast potential to further improve the properties of reactions in this battery.  相似文献   

15.
The fire hazard of lithium-ion batteries has influenced the development of more efficient and safer battery technology for energy storage systems (ESSs). A flowless zinc–bromine battery (FL-ZBB), one of the simplest versions of redox batteries, offers a possibility of a cost-effective and nonflammable ESS. However, toward the development of a practical battery, many critical issues should be addressed. In this contribution, we review the current FL-ZBB technologies and provide an assessment of them from a battery design perspective. The key cell design parameters and their influence on battery specifications are described. The challenges related to materials and cell structure are also discussed to motivate future research.  相似文献   

16.
Density functional theory calculations are performed to investigate electronic properties and Li/Na storage capability of Hf3C2 and its derivatives (uniform passivated: Hf3C2T2 [T = F, O, OH] and hybrid passivated: Hf3C2FxO2-x and Hf3C2Ox(OH)2-x [x = 1.0, 1.5]). For Hf3C2 monolayer, it has excellent performance, such as good conductivity, low diffusion energy barrier, low open circuit voltage, and high storage capacities (Li(1034.70 mAh g−1), Na(444.90 mAh g−1)), providing the most prospective as anode material. However, due to the unsaturated dangling bonds of surface Hf, so it is easily passivated. For the uniform passivated ones, Hf3C2T2, show higher diffusion barriers and lower storage capacities than bare monolayer Hf3C2. Nevertheless, compared with uniform passivated ones, the hybrid passivated derivative, Hf3C2F1.5O0.5 and Hf3C2OOH possess a lower energy barrier and a better storage capacity. Therefore, Hf3C2F1.5O0.5 and Hf3C2OOH are deemed to be a suitable candidate as anode electrode material for Li-ion batteries. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   

17.
研究了全钒功率型液相储能体系惰性电极厚度、活性物质浓度、电解液流量等因素对放电电压和功率密度的影响,以及该液相储能体系的结构和功率特性.在本实验的优化条件下,输出功率密度可达3121W/L.  相似文献   

18.
Ionic liquids (ILs) have a wide variety of applications in energy storage and material production. ILs are composed of only cations and anions, without any molecular solvents, and are generally known as “designer liquids (solvents)” because their physicochemical properties can be tuned by the combination of ionic species. In recent several decades, research and development activities of rechargeable batteries have garnered considerable attention because certain groups of ILs exhibit high electrochemical stability and moderate ionic conductivity, rendering them suitable for application in high-voltage batteries. ILs with amide anions are representative electrolytes and are extensively researched by many research groups, including our group. This paper focuses on amide-based ILs as electrolytes for alkali-metal-ion rechargeable batteries, introducing their history, characteristics, and existing challenges to be addressed.  相似文献   

19.
Li‐ion battery commercialized by Sony in 1991 has the highest energy‐density among practical rechargeable batteries and is widely used in electronic devices, electric vehicles, and stationary energy storage system in the world. Moreover, the battery market is rapidly growing in the world and further fast‐growing is expected. With expansion of the demand and applications, price of lithium and cobalt resources is increasing. We are, therefore, motivated to study Na‐ and K‐ion batteries for stationary energy storage system because of much abundant Na and K resources and the wide distribution in the world. In this account, we review developments of Na‐ and K‐ion batteries with mainly introducing our previous and present researches in comparison to that of Li‐ion battery.  相似文献   

20.
彭依  张伟  左防震  吕浩莹  洪凯骏 《电化学》2021,27(4):456-464
二硒化钼是一种二维过渡金属硫族化合物材料,凭借其具有较快的离子迁移率、较弱的范德华力的层状结构,在锂离子电池的应用研究中吸引了广泛的关注。同时在镁离子电池应用中表现出潜在的研究前景。然而,有关二硒化钼在锂离子电池中的报道多集中在如何提高储锂性能上,对其离子存储机理缺乏深入研究。此外,在储镁性能和机理上均没有报道。本项工作通过湿化学和高温煅烧两步法合成了二硒化钼纳米球,当二硒化钼纳米球用作锂离子电池负极材料时,在5 A·g-1的电流密度下展示了高于100 mAh·g-1的优异高倍率容量;同时,作为镁离子电池正极材料时,在20 mA·g-1的电流密度下表现出了120 mAh·g-1的高储镁可逆容量。另外,通过电化学、原位和非原位X射线衍射表征技术,分别揭示了二硒化钼纳米球低平台发生的转化式和高平台发生的类锂硒电池反应并存的储锂机理,以及赝电容式为主,嵌入式为辅的储镁机理。本项工作不仅为二维过渡金属硫族化合物材料的储锂机理提供了深刻的理解,同时也为新型层状储能材料的设计开发提供了方向。  相似文献   

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