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1.
近年来,通过向过渡金属氧化物薄膜注入Li 制作可调节光透过率的电变色器件已越来越引起广泛的重视[1、2].由于V2O5薄膜的稳定性差,限制了它在实际中的应用.因此,为了获得变色效率高、稳定性和可逆性能好的V2O5薄膜,使用了多种制备方法,如磁控溅射法[3、6]、电化学沉积法[7、8]、溶胶凝胶法[9、10]、旋涂法[11、12]、真空蒸镀法[13、14]等.但是,无论那种方法都要解决V2O5本身在H2O或醇等的电解质溶液中电致变色时的溶解问题,通常采用控制薄膜的沉积温度或者退火处理来提高薄膜的电致变色性能[3、4、11].为了探明薄膜结构与电致变色…  相似文献   

2.
光致变色WO3/4,4'-BPPOBp超晶格薄膜的制备   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
具有光致变色和电致变色特性的三氧化钨薄膜因其巨大的应用前景而倍受人们关注[1-4].其制备方法一般为物理沉积方法和化学沉积方法等.其中化学方法包括喷射裂解法[5],化学气相沉积法[6,7],电化学沉积法[8]和溶胶凝胶法[9]等.利用超分子化学自组装技术构建用有机组分调控的光致变色纳米超晶格薄膜材料,是研制光致变色功能薄膜材料的新方法.本文采用溶液中相反电荷聚电解质超分子自组装的方法(PEs法)[10],制备了WO3/4,4′BPPOBp超晶格薄膜.采用紫外可见吸收光谱和小角X射线衍射谱对薄膜的结构和分子的排列方式进行了研究.1 实验…  相似文献   

3.
Ta2O5薄膜作为电容元件材料的替代品已在微电子等领域中显示出广阔的应用前景[1].脉冲激光沉积(PLD)法制备Ta2O5薄膜以其显著的优点引起了广泛重视[2,3].而对激光烧蚀的物理化学过程的认识是完善这一方法的重要前提.我们曾采用时间分辨与角分辨飞行四极质谱[4]和发光光谱技术[5]较系统地研究了激光烧蚀Ta2O5产生的羽状物的组成和特征,并认为在O2气氛中沉积Ta2O5薄膜可以改善甚至避免形成缺氧的薄膜.但由于上述实验方法上的限制,未能详细考察激光烧蚀Ta2O5生成的离子产物在O2气氛中发生的氧化反应.为了研究激光烧蚀产物离子…  相似文献   

4.
脉冲激光沉积纳米NiO薄膜   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Na Cl型 Ni O是一种 p型半导体 ,广泛用于传感器、催化剂、涂料、磁性材料及电极材料等领域[1~ 5] .最近 ,Poizot等 [6] 又报道了 Ni O可作为锂离子电池的阳极材料 ,使 Ni O成为又一新的研究热点 .纳米 Ni O粉末的制备方法有多种 ,主要包括化学沉淀法和沉淀转换法 ,Ni O薄膜的制备主要采用磁控溅射、化学气相沉积和电沉积等方法 [7~ 12 ] .脉冲激光沉积法具有操作简单和成膜纯净等优点 ,因此是制备薄膜的重要方法之一 .本文采用脉冲激光沉积 (PLD)法在氧气氛中使用金属镍作为靶材料 ,不锈钢作为基片 ,对 Ni O薄膜的制备进行了研究…  相似文献   

5.
液相放电法合成氮化碳晶体   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
自从 Cohen等 [1,2 ] 预言了一种碳氮化合物 ( β- C3N4 )可能具有比金刚石还高的硬度和其它优异的力学、电学和光学性能以来 ,人们竟相采用各种技术手段 (如化学气相沉积、磁控溅射、离子束沉积和激光刻蚀等 )尝试合成这种新材料 [3,4 ] .但是 ,大多数合成的氮化碳材料为非晶或者是少量的晶体包埋在非晶的碳和 CNx 材料中 ,尚未制得可以精确地研究其晶体结构的足够大的单晶 .1 999年 ,Fu等 [5] 将液相电沉积技术应用于氮化碳材料的合成 ,从乙腈中沉积了氮含量为 2 5 %的氮化碳薄膜 .目前电化学沉积法制备的氮化碳薄膜多为非晶膜 [6~ 9]…  相似文献   

6.
<正>0引言过渡金属钴以及它的一些氧化物,以其特殊的电、磁和光学性能被广泛应用到信息存储[1]、催化剂[2]、磁光材料[3]、铁磁流体[4]以及生物医学[5]等诸多领域。前人曾经用羰酰钴热解法[6-7]、γ射线照射法[8]、光刻气相沉积法[9]、电化学沉积法[10]和金属盐溶液的  相似文献   

7.
近年发展起来的制备功能薄膜的电化学沉积技术,是软溶液工艺路线(Soft Solution Processing简记为SSP)中的重要技术[1]。与传统的薄膜制备技术相比,电化学沉积技术在反应控制、形貌控制、沉积速度、能量消耗、环境影响、薄膜晶化以及沉积设备等方面都有较明显的优势,同时避免了  相似文献   

8.
无电解镀共沉积钯银合金膜是纯化氢同位素最有发展前途的方法之一 .膜的制备技术有物理气相沉积法 [1 ]、化学气相沉积法 [2 ]、电镀 [3]和无电解镀法 [4]等 .无电解镀法使用设备简单、易于操作 ,而且可以均匀地沉积在形状复杂、硬度不同的基体上 .国内对电镀钯及有关钯银合金膜的研究 [5]较多 ,但无电解镀的研究甚少 .本文用无电解镀法制备含银量在摩尔分数2 3%~ 2 5 %的有支撑钯银膜 (膜厚为 3~ 5μm) .采用含有钯银两种离子的镀液制得的膜层 ,优于机械混合的均匀程度 .结果表明膜层没有合金化 .无电解镀条件为 :镀温 (5 0± 1 )℃ ,镀…  相似文献   

9.
通过增加铜酞菁(CuPc)溶液中三氟乙酸(TFA)的浓度,使铜酞菁发生质子化反应得到[CuPc·H]^+和[CuPc·H2]^2+两种衍生物,并用紫外可见分光光度计进行表征.[CuPc·H]^+和[CuPc·H2]^2+两种衍生物的Q带相继发生红移.[CuPc·H]^+和[CuPc·H2]^2+两种衍生物的Q带都发生裂分,表明两种衍生物具有不对称结构.铜酞菁发生质子化反应后在有机溶剂中的溶解度增大了60倍,放置两周后不会发生降解.以发生质子化反应的铜酞菁溶液为电解液,用电沉积方法在ITO导电玻璃上制备铜酞菁薄膜,并用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)进行表征.在ITO基片上沉积的纳米CuPc薄膜,尺寸在100—200nm之间,具有口相晶体结构,分子的堆积方向(b轴)平行于基片.  相似文献   

10.
聚N-对羟苯基丙烯酰胺与重氮树脂的氢键自组装   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
1991年 Decher[1] 首先从带相反电荷的聚电解质 ,通过静电相互作用在基片上交替沉积形成超薄膜 ,这种通过静电作用形成超薄膜的方法称为静电自组装 .与 L- B膜技术相比 ,静电自组装不需要专用设备 ,一般在水体系进行 ,无污染 .此外 ,静电力比形成 L- B膜的范德华力强 ,从而使其自组装膜比 L- B膜要稳定 .由于这些优点 ,静电自组装技术近年来得到迅速发展 [2~ 8] .通过氢键作用形成超薄膜的方法 (氢键自组装 )是最近才发展起来的技术 . 1 997年 ,沈家骢等 [9,10 ] 通过静电吸引和氢键组装了有序超薄膜 .几乎同时 ,Rubner等 [11] 报道从…  相似文献   

11.
The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.  相似文献   

12.
非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。  相似文献   

13.
翟宗玺  刘树深  夏树屏 《化学学报》1990,48(10):946-950
用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。  相似文献   

14.
Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.  相似文献   

15.

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

  相似文献   

16.
Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position.  相似文献   

17.
Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, Mo, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

18.
In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.  相似文献   

19.
20.
The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of hematite Fe2O3. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the best fitting experimental data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

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