Keggin型钼钒磷杂多酸催化剂上丙烷选择氧化性能的研究

系统研究了不同数目V⁵⁺取代的钼钒磷杂多酸H_3+nPMo_12－nV_nO₄₀ (n＝0～4)催化剂上丙烷选择氧化反应性能. 通过BET, IR, TPR, 紫外-可见光谱等表征手段对催化剂的理化性质进行了考察, 并对催化剂的结构-性能关系进行了初步关联. 在杂多酸的一级结构中, V⁵⁺对Mo⁶⁺的取代不仅改变了杂多阴离子金属-氧桥的键强以及晶格氧的插入能力, 而且也相应地调变了样品的酸量. 催化剂活性随V⁵⁺取代数量的递增而增强; 适宜数量的V⁵⁺取代提高了含氧酸产物的选择性, 而过量的V⁵⁺取代则导致部分氧化产物的深度氧化. 考察了在Keggin型杂多酸二级结构上引入钒物种的影响, 也即将钒物种(VO)²⁺作为抗衡离子取代部分质子以调变催化剂的结构与性质. 实验表明, 处于一级结构和二级结构[(VO)²⁺抗衡离子]中的V在反应中均可离析出少量V₂O₅物种. 适宜量的(VO)²⁺物种以及离析出来的少量V₂O₅物种可能均对催化剂的性能有贡献. 显然, 钒在不同位置的价态变化以及形态的不同, 会导致催化性能的相应改变.     

含钒多金属氧酸盐的抑菌活性

按文献方法合成了α-Na₁₀[PW₉V₃(H₂O)₃O₃₇]·16H₂O、α-Na10[PW11V(H₂O)O₃₇]·16H₂O和[H₃O]₃[NH₄]₁₈[Mo₅₇V₆O₁₈₃(NO)₆(H₂O)₄₈]·56H₂O（分别简称α-PW₉V₃、α-PW₁₁V和Mo₅₇V₆）含V多金属氧酸盐。 采用纸片法分别测试了它们对大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、酵母菌和黑曲霉菌的抑菌活性。 3种化合物均有不同程度的抑菌作用, 其中α-PW₁₁V的抑菌效果最好。     

V2O5/TiO2催化剂表面钒氧物种的分散状态和催化性能

用X射线衍射(XRD)、激光拉曼光谱(LRS)、程序升温还原(TPR)和微反评价等手段研究了V₂O₅在TiO₂(锐钛)表面的分散状态和负载型V₂O₅/ TiO₂(锐钛)催化剂的邻二甲苯选择氧化催化性能. 结果表明在TiO₂(锐钛)表面V₂O₅分散容量的实测值(1.14 mmol V/100 m² TiO₂)与TiO₂(锐钛) 优先暴露晶面(001)上的空位密度(1.16 mmol/100 m² TiO₂)接近, 这表明分散的钒离子可能键合在TiO₂(锐钛)表面的空位上, 与嵌入模型估算结果相符. 当V₂O₅的负载量远低于其分散容量时, 表面上的钒氧物种主要为孤立的VOx通过V-O-Ti键与载体结合. 随V₂O₅负载量的增加, 孤立的VOx与其最近邻的钒氧物种(可为孤立或聚合)通过V-O-V键结合, 导致V-O-Ti键的比例降低和聚合钒氧物种的比例增多、表面氧物种的反应活性降低. 虽然V₂O₅/TiO₂催化剂的邻二甲苯选择氧化的活性随负载量增加而增加, 到钒氧物种成单层时达极大, 但按每个钒离子估算的TON(转化数)却随负载量的增加而线性下降. 当V₂O₅的负载量高于其分散容量时, 增加的V₂O₅以晶相形式存在, 此时除钒离子的利用率降低外, 还由于晶相V₂O₅中只有V-O-V存在, 与之相结合的氧离子的活性较与V-O-Ti键合的弱, 邻二甲苯选择氧化的活性随负载量的增加有所下降, 而其TON则更为迅速地线性降低.     

希土胺羧酸配合物的研究——Ⅲ.吡啶-2,6-二甲酸钕配合物{[Nd(HDPA)(DPA)(H2O)2]·4H2O}n合成及其晶体结构

关于吡啶-2,6-二甲酸希土配合物晶体结构有Na₃[Ln(DPA)₃]·yNaClO₄·xH₂O类型的报道^[1]。本文合成了{[Nd(HDPA)(DPA)(H₂O)₂]·4H₂O}_n。配合物单晶并测定了其结构。     

氧钒(Ⅳ)碱式碳酸铵的热分析和纳米氧化钒的制备

The violet polycrystalline (NH₄)₅[(VO)₆(CO₃)₄(OH)₉]·10H₂O(NVCO) was simply synthesized by solution reaction using V₂O₅, HCl, N₂H₄·2HCl and NH₄HCO₃ as the starting materials. The results of TGA and DTA of NVCO under H₂(99.999%) atmosphere show that V₂O₃ forms at 620℃. The data of TG/DTG and DTA of NVCO under N₂(99.999%) atmosphere indicate that VO₂ forms at 367℃ and crystallizes at 390℃. In air atmosphere, the TG/DTG and DTA of NVCO show that V₂O₅ forms at 354℃, crystallizes at 366℃ and melts at 664℃. The three thermolysis processes of NVCO show that a large amount of H₂O, CO₂ and NH₃ gases fast releases during the thermolysis of NVCO, causing that the particles of the materials split and atomize strongly, thus to obtain V₂O₃, VO₂ and V₂O₅ nano-powders finally. According to the above of thermoanalytical results, V₂O₃, VO₂ and V₂O₅ powders were prepared respectively under H₂, N₂ and oxygen in a tube furnace. Chemical analysis and XRD ex-periments of the powders identify that pure V₂O₃ is obtained at 800℃ for 0.5h under H₂ atmosphere; crystalline VO₂ is obtained at 480℃ for 0.5h in N₂; amorphous VO₂ is obtained at 350℃ for 20min under N₂ atmosphere, this has been first reported to prepare amorphous VO₂ powder so far; pure V₂O₅ is obtained at 400℃ for 10min under oxygen. From the micrographs of the powders, the particle size of the V₂O₃, the crystalline VO₂ or the V₂O₅ powders is 35nm, 24nm or < 40nm, respectively. Above-mentioned results prove that NVCO is a good precursor for preparation of pure V₂O₃, VO₂ and V₂O₅ nano-powders under mild conditions.     

紫外光谱、荧光光谱及平衡透析研究磷钨杂多酸与HSA或BSA的结合平衡

采用紫外光谱法、荧光光谱法并结合平衡透析法研究了磷钨杂多酸(H₇[P(W₂O₇)₆]·xH₂O)与人血清白蛋白(human serum albumin, HSA)或牛血清白蛋白(bovine serum albumin, BSA)的结合平衡. 观测到在生理pH 7.43条件下磷钨杂多酸使HSA和BSA的紫外吸收峰增强, 并使HSA和BSA的特征荧光峰猝灭. Scatchard图分析表明, 磷钨酸在HSA和BSA中均有一个强结合部位. 通过非线性最小二乘法拟合Bjerrum方程, 得出磷钨酸-HSA和磷钨酸-BSA体系的逐级稳定常数.     

胍盐化合物[C(NH2)3]6.3K[Nb1.3W10.7O40H2]·H2O的合成及性质

通过粉状白钨酸和可溶性铌酸钾水溶液的反应,合成了十二聚系列的钨铌杂多阴离子胍盐化合物[C(NH₂)₃]_6.3K[Nb_1.3W_10.7O₄₀H₂]·H₂O,研究了其水溶液的酸碱稳定性。根据红外、拉曼和紫外光谱、化学性质,认为该化合物可能具有十二聚偏钨酸根阴离子的结构骨架。     

杂多酸盐(TBA)n[XW9Mo2(CH3SiOSiCH3)O39]的合成和表征

具有Keggin衍生结构,以α-[SiW₁₁(RSiOSiR)O₃₉]^4-(R=C₂H₅、C₆H₅、NC(CH₂)₃、C₃H₅)为阴离子的杂多酸盐已有报道^[1],但以[XW₉Mo₂(RSiOSiR)O<     

由大环配体[As4W40O140]28-与NiII形成的新型超大杂多化合物

在pH = 4.0的水溶液中, NiCl₂·6H₂O, NH₄Cl与Na₂₇[NaAs₄W₄₀O₁₄₀]·60H₂O反应, 得到了新的杂多砷钨酸盐(NH₄)₂₀[Na₂(H₂O)₂Ni(H₂O)₅{Ni(H₂O)}₂As₄W₄₀O₁₄₀]·61H₂O单晶, 用X射线单晶衍射法及元素分析确定了其结构, 晶体属三斜晶系, P¹空间群; 其晶胞参数为: a = 1.33135(18), b = 1.9722(3), c = 3.6430(5) nm, α = 78.010(2)°, β = 82.145(2)°, γ = 74.385(2)°, V = 8.978(2) nm3, Z = 2, R1 = 0.0512, wR2 = 0.0684 (I > 2σ). 在聚阴离子[Na₂(H₂O)₂Ni(H₂O)₅{Ni(H₂O)}₂As₄W₄₀O₁₄₀]^20-中, 2个Ni²⁺和2个Na⁺分占大环配体[As₄W₄₀O₁₄₀]^28-内的4个S2空位, 每个S2位提供4个O_d向金属离子配位, 2个Ni²⁺的配位数为6, 两个Na⁺的配位数分别为5和6, 另一个Ni²⁺处于环外, 与[As₄W₄₀O₁₄₀]^28-的一个端基氧(O_d)桥连成键, 其配位数为6.     

有机膦、胂、(月弟)合钨、钼聚多酸盐的研究 Ⅳ.烷基膦合钼聚多酸盐的制备

本文是作者在合成了一系列有机胂、有机(月弟)的钨、钼聚多酸盐后,有关若干有机膦合钼聚多酸“柄状”化合物的合成报导以及一些光学性质的测定。有关有机基团是C₂H₅,n-C₃H₇,n-C₄H₉,n-C₅H₁₁及C₆H₅CH₂。发现pH为3～5时,在不同的投料比例下都只形成一种类型的化合物[(RP)₂Mo₅O₂₁]^4-,与相应的有机胂衍生物既可形成[(RAs)₂Mo₅O₂₁]^4-又可形成[(RAs)₂Mo₆O₂₄]^4-有较大的差异。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.     

Copper-catalyzed multicomponent reactions of 2-iodoanilines,benzylamines, and elemental sulfur toward 2-arylbenzothiazoles

A relatively cheap copper salt-catalyzed, three-component approach providing 2-arylbenzothiazoles in good to excellent yields from readily available 2-iodoanilines, benzylamines, and sulfur powder is reported. This methodology allows preparation of various classes of 2-arylbenzothiazoles and provides a general, reliable approach.