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1.
掺杂纳米TiO2光催化性能的研究   总被引:64,自引:2,他引:64  
利用浸渍法分别制备了Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu六种过渡金属离子掺杂改性的二氧化钛光催化剂,以乙酸水溶液的光催化氧化反应和二氧化碳还原反应为探针,评价了掺杂催化剂的光催化性能.借助光电子能谱(XPS)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)等手段对掺杂催化剂进行了表征.研究结果表明,经过渡金属离子掺杂后,光催化性能均有不同程度的改善,改善程度按Cr、Co、Ni、Fe、Mn、Cu递增.掺杂后催化剂表面吸附氧的活泼性、金属离子的价态及得电子能力上的差异决定了不同离子掺杂纳米二氧化钛光催化性能的差异.  相似文献   

2.
本文介绍了1,8-二羟基萘-3,6-二碳酸键合硅胶(HNSA·SG)的合成方法,研究了HNSA·SG的性质及其对痕量元素的富集和分离行为。结果表明:HNSA·SG能在6mol/LHCl~pH8.0的溶液及常见有机溶剂中稳定存在;对Pd(Ⅱ)和Cu(Ⅱ)的最大吸附量分别为353μmol/g和197μmol/g;pH2.0时,可用HNSA·SG柱将痕量Pd(Ⅱ)与常见过渡金属离子分离;pH6.0时,HNSA·SG柱可将痕量Cu(Ⅱ)与性质相近的Pb(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)、Mn(Ⅱ)、Co(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)等金属离子分离。经柱富集后,可用分光光度法测定水样中痕量Cu(Ⅱ),测定下限可达ng/g级。  相似文献   

3.
研究了(NH4)2SO4-Zincon(锌试剂)-Tween-80体系萃取分离金属离子Cu(Ⅱ)、Co(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)、Mn(Ⅱ)的行为。试验表明,Cu(Ⅱ)、Co(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)在pH6~9范围内,与Zincon形成的螯合物可被Tween-80相完全萃取,而Zn(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)、Mn(Ⅱ)基本不被萃取,进而实现了Cu(Ⅱ)、Co(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)与Zn(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)、Mn(Ⅱ)混合离子的定量萃取分离。  相似文献   

4.
纳米TiO2分离富集和ICP-AES测定地质样品中的钼和钨   总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14  
本文以ICP-AES为检测手段,系统地研究了纳米TiO2材料对钼酸根和钨酸根离的分离/富集行为及影响其吸附和解脱的主要因素,并考察了共存离子的干扰影响,在优化的实验条件下,本法测定Mo(Ⅵ)和W(Ⅵ)的检出限分别为0.017μg/mL和0.044μg/mL,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.8%(对Mo)和2.3%(对W)(n=9,c=5.0μg/mL)。本法已应用于水系沉积物和岩矿标准样品中Mo或W的测定,测定值与标准值基本吻合。  相似文献   

5.
本文采用色谱系统对水样品(温泉水、卤水)中的硼进行分离富集,探讨了影响其分离富集的条件。实验表明,在pH=8条件下,硼可被树脂完全吸附,用3mL 1mol/L硫酸可以从吸附术上完全解吸硼,浓缩物用ICP-AES进行测定,所建立的方法简便、准确,适合于含盐量高及其它水样品中微量硼的测定。  相似文献   

6.
云南省白族长寿地区80~97岁老人头发中10种元素含量分析   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2  
用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES),对云南省白族长寿区80-97岁老人头发中的Ca、Mg、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Mo、Sr、Zn、Cd等10种元素进行了测定分析。发现该长寿地区老人发中有高钙、高鲜、高锰、高铁、高铬、高锌、低铜的特点,并具有较高的Mn/Cu和Zn/Cu值。男性老人发中Ca、Mg、Cu、Fe、Mo、Zn、Cd的含量高于女性老人,Cr、Mn、Sr的含量则低于女性老人。结果表明,该长寿地区老人发中有较优越的微量元素谱,这与该地区和自然环境密切相关。  相似文献   

7.
脱线柱预富集 ICP-MS法测定南极水样中的痕量元素   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
采用脱螯合阳离子树脂(D401)将待分析元素预富集并与基体元素分离,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定了极拉斯曼丘陵地区环境水样中的难于或不能直接检测的超痕量元素Mn,Co,Ni,Cu,Cd,Ba和Pb;建立了一种准确,简便、快速的在线加内标准方法,被分析元素的测定灵敏度均提高了30倍左右;对于100mL,水样检测限为1.425ng/L-24.84ng/L。  相似文献   

8.
过渡金属改性MCM-41的结构及对苯催化氧化的研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
制备了Ti,Fe,Cr,Ni改性的MCM-41,采用XRD、低温N2吸附及TPD手段研究了改性MCM-41的结构特征和表面性质.过渡金属可同品取代骨架Si,同品取代的能力与过渡金属离子半径有关.过渡金属改性MCM-41均具有较好的长程有序结构、均一的孔径分布和较高的比表面积.引入不同的过渡金属可以改变MCM-41表面酸性和亲水/憎水性.考察了改性MCM-41对苯氧化的催化性能.  相似文献   

9.
本文用分批平衡法研究了几种常见过渡金属离子在2—(5—溴—吡啶偶氮)—5—二乙氨基苯酚改性硅胶(5—Br-PADAP-SG)上的吸附行为。5-Br-PADAP-SG对Cu(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)、Co(Ⅱ)、Fe(Ⅱ)的最大吸附量分别是17.7、24.0、15.8、16.4、10.2、13.8μmol/g。pH 5.8,经5—Br—PADAP—SG柱富集后,用0.4mol/L HClO_4溶液洗脱,可进行Cu(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)、Mn(Ⅱ)、Fe(Ⅲ)的全分析,在pH3,Cu(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)与Cd(Ⅱ)、Mn(Ⅱ)可完全分离。用原子吸收分光光度法测定水样中金属离子下限可达ppb级。  相似文献   

10.
以HG-ICP-OES为检测手段,研究了纳米氧化铝对As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的吸附行为,据此建立纳米氧化铝微柱分离富集与HG-ICP-OES联用测定环境水样中痕量总As的新方法。  相似文献   

11.
An alumina surface was modified by adsorption of an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Typical S‐shaped isotherm of surfactant on alumina was observed. The adsorption of Disperse Red‐11, Disperse Blue‐26 and Disperse Red‐156 on alumina and surfactant treated alumina has been investigated. The enhancement in adsorption of these disperse dyes on surfactant treated alumina is observed, which may be attributed to their solubilization in surfactant aggregates formed at the solid/liquid interface. The effect of pH on adsorption has been studied. The adsorption is greatly influenced by pH of the medium. The applicability of the Langmuir model and the Dual‐Mode sorption model (DSM) were tested for equilibrium data.  相似文献   

12.
Summary The removal of heavy metal ion Co(II) from aqueous solution was studied usingg-Al2O3 by batch technique. The experiments were performed at T=20±2 °C, in 0.01M NaNO3 solutions and under aerobic conditions. The effect of pH, ionic strength, fulvic acid (FA) and alumina amount on the sorption of Co(II) on alumina were also investigated. The pH affected the sorption of Co(II) significantly as compared with the effect of FA and ionic strength. The results indicated that strong chemical bonds are formed between Co(II) and functional groups of the bare or FA coated alumina, and a precipitation of Co(II) takes place on the alumina surface, induced by a transition from the adsorption to surface. The addition sequences of Co/FA on Co(II) sorption were also studied: the sorption of Co(II) in the ternary system was found independent of addition sequences.</p> </p>  相似文献   

13.
The removal of heavy metal ion Co(II) from aqueous solution is studied using γ-Al2O3 by batch technique. The experiments are performed at T = 20 ± 2 °C, in 0.01 M NaNO3 solutions and under aerobic conditions. The effect of pH, ionic strength, fulvic acid (FA) and alumina concentration on the sorption of Co(II) on alumina are also respectively investigated. The pH affects the sorption of Co(II) significantly as compared with the effect of FA and ionic strength. The results indicate that strong chemical bonds are formed between Co(II) and the bare or FA coated alumina surface, and a transition from the adsorption to surface-induced precipitation of Co(II) on alumina surface takes place. The addition sequences of Co/FA on Co(II) sorption is also studied and the results indicate that the sorption of Co(II) in ternary system is independent of addition sequences. The results also suggest that the sorption of metal ions on mineral surface depends on the nature of mineral, nature of organic ligand and nature of metal ion.  相似文献   

14.
Adsorption of tetracycline, one of the most widely used antibiotics, onto goethite was studied as a function of pH, metal cations, and humic acid (HA) over a pH range 3-10. Five background electrolyte cations (Li(+), Na(+), K(+), Ca(2+), and Mg(2+)) with a concentration of 0.01 M showed little effect on the tetracycline adsorption at the studied pH range. While the divalent heavy metal cation, Cu(2+), could significantly enhance the adsorption and higher concentration of Cu(2+), stronger adsorption was found. The results indicated that different adsorption mechanisms might be involved for the two types of cations. Background electrolyte cations hardly interfere with the interaction between tetracycline and goethite surfaces because they only form weak outer-sphere surface complexes. On the contrary, Cu(2+) could enhance the adsorption via acting as a bridge ion to form goethite-Cu(2+)-tetracycline surface complex because Cu(2+) could form strong and specific inner-sphere surface complexes. HA showed different effect on the tetracycline sorption under different pH condition. The presence of HA increased tetracycline sorption dramatically under acidic condition. Results indicated that heavy metal cations and soil organic matters have great effects on the tetracycline mobility in the soil environment and eventually affect its exposure concentration and toxicity to organisms.  相似文献   

15.
高价小分子型分散剂在Al2O3表面的吸附研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
采用5-硝基水杨酸合铁(Ⅲ)分光光度法测定了2-膦酸丁烷-1,2,4-三羧酸(PBTCA)及柠檬酸在Al2O3表面的等温吸附线,发现二者的饱和吸附量均随pH值的升高而减小,且PBTCA比柠檬酸的饱和吸附量高,ξ电位及沉降实验亦表明,与柠檬酸相比,PBTCA的吸附使Al2O3表面的有效负电荷量更高,且其分散作用也更佳,采用FTIR及AES研究了PBTCA在Al2O3表面的吸附机理,膦酸基的存在提高了PBTCA在碱性条件下的吸附能力。  相似文献   

16.
Different metal ions in aqueous and alcoholic solutions were adsorbed on alumina nano-particles prepared by the sol-gel method. The flocculation of the alumina sol was induced by the addition of different metal ions in solution. The flocculation kinetics was obtained by monitoring the particle growth with time using dynamic light scattering. These experiments were carried out following two different methods: a) the multiple injection method which consist in adding small amounts of metal ions until the critical flocculation concentration was reached and b) single injection method where an amount of metal ions equal to the critical flocculation concentration is added all in one shot. The efficiency of metal adsorption was determined by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy.  相似文献   

17.
A sensitive and simple method for the simultaneous preconcentration of trace transition and heavy metal ions is reported. The method is based on the adsorption of Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn on N,N′‐Diacetyl‐4‐bromo‐2,6‐di(aminomethyl)anisole (DABDAMA) loaded on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) coated alumina. The metal content on the complexes are eluted using 6 mL of 2 mol l−1 nitric acid. The influences of the analytical parameters including pH and sample volume were investigated. The effects of matrix ions on the retentions of the analytes were also examined. The recoveries of analytes were generally higher than 95% with a low RSD. The method has been successfully applied for these metals content evaluation in samples including soil, blood and vegetable samples.  相似文献   

18.
An inverse selectivity was found for the adsorption of alkali metal cations on the side walls of montmorillonite and kaolinite crystals. The results are in accord with the data for the adsorption of alkali metal cations on silica gel at neutral and high pH and on alumina and hematite at pH values above their isoelectric points. The existence of a direct or inverse selectivity series for these cations depends on the concentration of exchange sites on the surface of mineral ion exchange materials and the contribution of the energy of the electrostatic repulsion between adjacent cations to the total energy of their adsorption on the ion exchange materials. A. V. Dumanskii Institute of Colloid Chemistry and Water Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 42 Akademika Vernadskogo Prosp., Kiev-142, Ukraine 252680. Translated from Teoreticheskaya i éksperimental’naya Khimiya, Vol. 34, No. 1, pp. 32–35, January–February, 1998.  相似文献   

19.
Adsorption of brush copolymers, bearing sulfonate groups and polyethylene glycol segments, on to alumina particles in suspension in water has been investigated. Study of the adsorption isotherms revealed that the copolymers displayed a strong affinity for the surface of the alumina regardless of the fraction of ionic groups on the polymer. For poly(ethylene glycol) content greater than 50%, the adsorption isotherms revealed an initial adsorption plateau followed by a second one. The shape of the adsorption isotherms was interpreted in terms of the polymer configuration at the solid-to-liquid interface. The effects of the pH and the ionic force on adsorption were studied and connected to the effects of interaction between chain segments at the surface of the alumina particles. Changes in the electrokinetic properties of the alumina particles after addition of the copolymers were investigated by following the zeta potential of particles as a function of pH. In the presence of the copolymer continuous shift of the isoelectric point IEP to a more acidic values was observed. Beyond a certain concentration the zeta potential remained negative regardless of the pH.  相似文献   

20.
提出了纳米硅羟基磷灰石(Si-HAP)分离富集,火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)测定水样中痕量铅的新方法。考察了铅在纳米Si-HAP上的吸附动力学、最佳酸度和吸附容量。实验结果表明:在最佳实验条件下,纳米Si-HAP能定量、快速地吸附水中的痕量Pb2+,其静态吸附容量24.33 mg/g;吸附在纳米Si-HAP上的Pb2+可用0.01mol/L EDTA-Ca完全洗脱。本法对Pb2+的检出限为1.33 ng/mL,相对标准偏差为4.0%(n=11,c=1μg/mL),加标回收率在94.9%~102.0%之间。方法用于实际水样中铅的测定,结果满意。  相似文献   

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