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1.
以简单苯乙炔与醛酮加成得到的炔丙醇作为原料,在外在氧化剂(吡啶氮氧)和金催化剂存在的条件下,经历α-羰基金卡宾中间体和σ键迁移得到1,3-二酮化合物,再简单处理后与水合肼反应,以较好的收率得到多取代的具有潜在生物及药理活性的吡唑类化合物.形成α-羰基金卡宾和扩环成酮的策略也可以实现在串联反应中,由一步卡宾关环衔接,得到结构新颖的多环双酮类化合物.  相似文献   

2.
首次报道了以芳香炔醛为起始原料,通过二聚反应、氧化反应、Michael加成及内酰化缩合反应合成了一系列芳炔基取代的新型四元β-内酰胺类化合物,收率57.6%~72.5%,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和X-射线单晶衍射表征。  相似文献   

3.
在氮杂环卡宾(N-heterocycliccarbene,NHC)催化下,α,β-不饱和羧酸经过原位活化后与2-(2-氧代-2-芳乙基)丙二腈发生Michael加成、羟醛缩合、脱羧等反应,一锅法合成了多取代环戊烯类化合物.该方法具有底物范围广、原料易得、反应条件温和、产率高、操作简便等优点,为多官能化环戊烯类化合物的高效合成提供了新思路.  相似文献   

4.
二溴卡宾与取代苯乙酮反应机理的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研究了二卡宾与取代苯乙酮的反应机理。在取代苯乙酮与二溴卡宾的反应中,由于形成的羰基叶立德中间体的非平面构象,使得1,3-偶极加成难以发生,其主要反应途径为电环化和脱氧反应的竞争。当增大苯环上取代基的供电子能力时。原处于次要地位的脱氧反应的程度有所增强。但变化程度有限,故不能代替电环化成为主要反应。  相似文献   

5.
建立一种串联三组分反应构建取代吡唑杂环的方法.以肼和醛为原料在二氯乙烷中反应先生成腙3,直接加入丙炔酸甲酯(4),在氯化亚铜催化下快速生成Michael加成产物5.该中间体以化学量的三氯化铁氧化发生环合反应,获得高收率的吡唑环衍生物6.各步反应中间体不必分离,脂肪肼、芳香肼以及芳香醛对该反应具有良好适应性.  相似文献   

6.
刘海波  许明  丁俊杰 《合成化学》2013,21(2):170-173
以1,3-环己二酮为原料,依次经亚胺化反应、Michael加成-环化反应、烷基化反应合成了含有端基炔的喹啉酮衍生物——1-(2-炔丙基)-7,8-二氢喹啉-2,5(1H,6H)-二酮,其结构经1H NMR,HR-MS和2D NMR确证。  相似文献   

7.
王秉泽  邓从豪 《化学学报》1988,46(12):1155-1160
本文用RHF/STO-3G解析梯度方法研究了亚烷基卡宾XYC=C:(X, Y=Cl, H, Me和F)的重排反应, 给出了平衡态与过渡态构型. 对该组体系的计算发现: 基团的迁移活性顺序为Cl>H>Me>F; 迁移性小的基团增大迁移基团的迁移活性; 取代基不同一般比取代基相同的卡宾稳定性低; 基团的迁移活性顺序与电负性顺序不一致; 中心原子与C=C双键夹角小的基团优先迁移.  相似文献   

8.
本文用 RHF/STO-3G 解析梯度方法研究了亚烷基卡宾 XYC=C:(X,Y=Cl,H,Me 和 F)的重排反应,给出了平衡态与过渡态构型.对该组体系的计算发现:基团的迁移活性顺序为 Cl>H>Me>F;迁移性小的基团增大迁移基团的迁移活性:取代基不同一般比取代基相同的卡宾稳定性低;基团的迁移活性顺序与电负性顺序不一致;中心原子与 C=C 双键夹角小的基团优先迁移.  相似文献   

9.
通过双吡唑甲基锂(LiCHPz2)与有机锡卤化物(R3SnX)的反应合成了一系列有机锡修饰的双吡唑甲烷配体(R3SnCHPz2),由于锡上取代基的不同,这些配体与W(CO)5THF反应时表现出了不同的反应方式,三芳基锡修饰的双吡唑甲烷与W(CO)5THF反应发生Sn-C(sp^3)键对W(0)中心的氧化加成;而三苄基锡修饰的双吡唑甲烷与其反应时仅给出羰基取代产物[Bz3SnCHPz2W(CO)4],另外,二苯基苄基锡以及三(2-苯基-2-甲基丙基)锡修饰的双吡唑甲烷配体类似的反应导致配体的分解,产生单吡唑配体取代的羰基钨衍生物[W(CO)5PzH]以及脱有机锡的双吡唑甲烷四羰基钨衍生物[CH2Pz2W(CO)4]。  相似文献   

10.
利用自由基参与的远端炔基迁移策略实现了非活化烯烃的炔基化反应. 以磺酰氯为试剂, 在可见光促进下形成三氟甲基自由基或芳基(烷基)磺酰基自由基, 随后加成到非活化烯烃上, 生成烷基自由基中间体, 继而诱导远端炔烃的分子内迁移, 得到三氟甲基炔基化或磺酰基炔基化产物. 该方法具有条件温和、底物易得以及官能团兼容性广等优点.  相似文献   

11.
A RhI‐catalyzed three‐component reaction of tert‐propargyl alcohol, diazoester, and alkyl halide has been developed. This reaction can be considered as a carbene‐involving sequential alkyl and alkynyl coupling, in which C(sp)? C(sp3) and C(sp3)? C(sp3) bonds are built successively on the carbenic carbon atom. The RhI‐carbene migratory insertion of an alkynyl moiety and subsequent alkylation are proposed to account for the two separate C? C bond formations. This reaction provides an efficient and tunable method for the construction of all‐carbon quaternary center.  相似文献   

12.
A RhI‐catalyzed three‐component reaction of tert‐propargyl alcohol, diazoester, and alkyl halide has been developed. This reaction can be considered as a carbene‐involving sequential alkyl and alkynyl coupling, in which C(sp) C(sp3) and C(sp3) C(sp3) bonds are built successively on the carbenic carbon atom. The RhI‐carbene migratory insertion of an alkynyl moiety and subsequent alkylation are proposed to account for the two separate C C bond formations. This reaction provides an efficient and tunable method for the construction of all‐carbon quaternary center.  相似文献   

13.
Thermal- or SiO(2)-induced reactions of the Michael adducts of 1,2-aromatic dinucleophiles and alkynylchromium(0) carbene complexes, compounds 7-10, form different products in good yields depending on the nature of the aromatic dinucleophile used. Thus, 1,2-diaminobenzene derivatives 7 and 8 rearrange to pentacarbonylchromium(0) isocyanide complexes 11, 12, 14, and 15 in a process that occurs through bicyclic intermediates 24. Adducts 9 derived from o-aminophenol give 2,3-dihydro-1,5-benzoxazepine derivatives 17 by intramolecular 1,2-addition, followed by protonation at the chromium center and reductive elimination. In contrast, base-promoted addition of the phenolic hydroxy group in compound 9 a affords 3-ethoxy-5-phenyl-5,6-dihydro-2H-1,6-benzoxazocin-2-one (18), together with the expected adduct 17 a. Compound 18 is formed by a nucleophilic addition to a CO ligand in a preformed carbene complex. This is a new example of the rare attack of a nucleophile on a CO ligand in a Fischer carbene complex. Adducts 10 form seven-membered-ring carbene complexes 19 and 20 by intramolecular aminolysis. In contrast, reaction of alkynyl carbene complexes with 1,8-diaminonaphthalene under very mild conditions leads to 2-substituted perimidines 33 together with the corresponding ethoxymethylmetal carbene complex 32 through an unprecedented fragmentation process in a formal retro-Aumann reaction.  相似文献   

14.
Pentafulvenes are regioselectively cyclopropanated with group 6 Fischer carbene complexes leading to the homofulvene ring with complete endo selectivity. The homofulvene adducts undergo in turn a further cyclopropanation with ethyl diazoacetate or cyclopentannulation with a Fischer alkenyl carbene complex to provide substituted cyclopentanones after ozonolysis of the exocyclic carbon=carbon double bond. Fischer alkynyl carbene complexes also produce the corresponding alkynyl homofulvenes, albeit the exo stereoisomer is in this case exclusively or preferentially formed. Under moderate CO pressure, tungsten alkynyl carbene complexes cycloadd to pentafulvenes in a [4 + 3] fashion, giving rise to bicyclo[3.2.1]octadien-2-ones.  相似文献   

15.
[reaction: see text] The reaction of o-quinodimethanes (oQDMs) with alkoxy alkynyl Fischer carbene complexes is highly dependent on the carbene complex. Thus, for arylalkynyl carbene complexes, the initial [4 + 2]-cycloadduct evolves opening a new entry to the benzo[b]fluorene skeleton, which is present in many natural products. However, for alkenylalkynyl carbene complexes, the reaction takes place through the double bond, instead of the triple bond, in an unprecedented fashion, leading to new functionalized alkynyl carbene complexes.  相似文献   

16.
A highly efficient palladium-catalyzed functionalization of allenylsilanes to give regio- and stereodefined fully-substituted alkenylsilanes has been developed. This oxidative coupling reaction showed good functional group compatibility with exclusive regio- and stereoselectivity. The pending olefin on the silyl group was shown to be an indispensable element for the initial allenic C(sp3)−H bond cleavage, and performs as the directing group to control the overall selectivity. The addition of substoichiometric amounts of Et3N was found to increase the reaction rate leading to a higher reaction yield. The reaction can be easily scaled up and applied for the late-stage functionalization of natural products and pharmaceutical compounds, including amino acids and steroid derivatives. The newly introduced functional groups include aryl, alkynyl, and boryl groups. The highly strained four-membered ring, silacyclobutene was obtained when B2pin2 was employed as the coupling partner. Mechanistic studies, including kinetic isotope effects, showed that the allenic C(sp3)−H bond cleavage is the rate-limiting step.  相似文献   

17.
The mechanism for the nucleophilic addition step of the Michael reaction between methanethiol as a model Michael donor and several α‐substituted methyl acrylates (X=F, Cl, Me, H, CN, NO2) as model Michael acceptors is described in detail. We suggest a novel way to condense electrophilic Fukui functions at specific atoms in terms of the contributions from the atomic orbitals to the LUMO or, more generally, to the orbital controlling the reaction. This procedure correctly associates activation energies to local electrophilic Fukui indices for the cases treated in this work. The calculated reaction barriers strongly depend on the nature of the substituent. As a general rule, activation energies are governed by structural changes, although electronic factors are significant for electron‐withdrawing groups. Nucleophilic addition to Michael receptors is best described as a highly nonsynchronous process, in which the geometry of the transition state comprises a nonplanar six‐membered ring. Formation of the S ??? C bond, which defines the interaction between the reactants, progresses ahead of all other primitive processes in the early stages of the transformation. In view of our results, we postulate that highly complex chemical reactions, as is the case for the nucleophilic addition step studied herein, that involve cleavage/formation of a total of six bonds, lower their activation energies by favoring nonsynchronicity, that is, for these types of systems, primitive changes should advance at different rates.  相似文献   

18.
The reaction of tributyltin lithium with Fischer type alkynyl carbene complexes has been studied. The reaction proceeds via a nucleophilic pathway to produce the conjugate addition product, and a single electron transfer pathway to afford cyclopentannulated derivatives derived from two units of the alkyne complex. Structure of the latter was confirmed by crystal structure determination of a representative complex.  相似文献   

19.
The thermal cycloaddition between alkynyl metal(0) Fischer carbenes and nitrones has been studied computationally within the Density Functional Theory framework. It is found that the [3 + 2] cycloaddition takes place via transition structures that are more asynchronous and less aromatic than their nonorganometallic analogues. These reactions are also found to be completely regioselective in favor of the cycloadduct possessing the Fischer carbene moiety and the oxygen atom of the nitrone in a 1,3-relative disposition. These results are consistent with the role of the Fischer carbene moiety as an electron withdrawing group that enhances the electrophilic character of the alkyne group acting as a Michael acceptor as a dipolarophile. In terms of the isolobal analogy model, it can be concluded that alkynylalkoxy metal(0) carbene complexes act in this reaction as organometallic analogues of organic alkyl-propiolates with enhanced electrophilic character.  相似文献   

20.
The trapping of the elusive vinylogous position of a vinyl carbene with an aliphatic C(sp3)−H bond has been achieved for the first time during a silver-catalyzed carbene/alkyne metathesis (CAM) process. A Tpx-containing silver complex first promotes the generation of a donor-acceptor silver carbene which triggers CAM, generating a subsequent donor-donor vinyl silver carbene species, which then undergoes a selective vinylogous C(sp3)−H bond insertion, leading to the synthesis of a new family of benzoazepines. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations unveil the reaction mechanism, which allows proposing that the C−H bond insertion reaction takes place in a stepwise manner, with the hydrogen shift being the rate determining step.  相似文献   

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