无机化学微信平台的构建与实践研究

针对无机化学传统教学模式的不足,构建了无机化学微信平台。介绍了构建平台必需的微信公众号和微信群的建立过程和方法。分析了无机化学微信平台在教学中的实践效果,弥补了传统教学中的不足。讨论了无机化学微信平台的积极作用,提高了教师教学水平和学生的学习能力,达到了师生双赢的目的。     

促进学生认识发展的“电离和离子反应”专题的单元整体教学研究

系统梳理了电离、离子反应专题的已有研究,分析了电离、离子反应内容对学生认识发展的作用,进而确立了化学1模块电离、离子反应专题的教学论问题并进行了阐述分析。在上述研究的基础上,设计了化学1模块电离、离子反应专题的单元整体教学,并进行了教学实践,取得了较好的教学效果。     

低维ZnO纳米材料*

本文主要综述了近年来ZnO纳米材料制备领域的一些新方法,简单比较了各种方法之间的优缺点;讨论了制备不同形貌的ZnO纳米材料的影响因素,其中重点讨论了表面活性剂的作用;介绍了ZnO纳米材料的性质及其可能的应用领域;并对ZnO纳米材料的发展前景进行了展望。     

分析化学实验课程教学大纲的标准化改造与构建

基于工程教育专业认证标准的要求,结合专业课程的特点,对我校制药工程专业的分析化学实验教学大纲进行了标准化改造。标准化的教学大纲更加突出了专业适用性,关联了教学要求与教学内容和考核评定,增加了考核量化指标与课程持续改进的方式,进一步规范了分析化学实验课程的教学。标准教学大纲的构建为实验教学活动提供了更加明确的指导,有利于缩小不同教师教学的差异性,保证了实验教学的质量,为建立可持续完善的工程类实验教学标准体系提供了具体参考。     

储氢合金电极的表面修饰研究

利用等离子体技术对AA型MH/Ni电池的储氢合金电极进行了镀覆导电膜层的表面修饰,用XRD及SEM对电极结构进行了表征.极片经过表面修饰的电池,其内阻降低了24％,放电容量有了明显提高,5C (7.5 A) 放电容量提高了200 mA•h,放电平台电压提高了约0.14 V,导电膜层还起到了电极保护层的作用,抑制了合金的粉化,提高了电池的循环稳定性.同时,电池内压显著降低,电池性能有了较大改善.     

农科有机化学课程建设的探索与实践

对农科有机化学课程存在的一些普遍问题进行了分析;结合当前农林院校的特点,建立了符合农业院校特点的教学新体系;编制了一系列教材;建设了精品课程网站;建立了教学质量评价体系;建设了一支结构合理、教学水平高、团队精神好的教学队伍。     

新解色谱现象

在客观分析色谱现象的基础上对色谱分离机理的传统解释提出了质疑和否定,并对色谱分离机理作出了新的解释。通过对色谱现象的研究和分析,不仅确定了一条流体运动的基本规律,还对固定相赋予了新的内涵,提出了能量场固定相的设想。由于对色谱分离原理进行了新的解释,因此对色谱现象提出了一个新的定义。     

左旋薄荷醇的合成现状及进展

阐述了左旋薄荷醇的理化性质及其应用现状和全球生产状况. 介绍了薄荷醇的合成思路、已经工业化的合成路线和一些有较高工业应用价值的路线, 并介绍了关于这些路线的最新研究进展. 最后对所介绍的路线进行了总结, 展望了其发展前景.     

Pickering乳状液的研究进展

随着纳米技术的发展以及Pickering乳液在食品、化妆品、医药等领域的潜在应用前景,人们对Pickering乳液给予了关注。本文全面总结了近些年来Pickering乳液的研究进展,对本课题组在Pickering乳液研究领域所取得的成果进行了介绍。本文主要分为4个部分:第一部分概述了Pickering乳液的研究现状;第二部分全面考察了Pickering乳液的各种影响因素;第三部分介绍了Pickering乳液的转相特性;最后综述了颗粒和表面活性物质协同稳定乳液的研究进展。这些研究成果促进了乳液基础理论的发展,并且拓展了乳液的应用范围。     

日用化学品化学课程教学改革探索

针对传统日用化学品化学课程教学中存在的各种问题, 进行了调整教学内容、改进教学方法和改革考核方式等方面的改革。调动了学生的学习积极性, 促进了师生间的互动, 加强了学生对知识的掌握, 提高了学生应用知识的能力, 培养了学生的创新思维。     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.