聚苯胺导电复合物二次掺杂的基材效应

对十二烷基苯磺酸掺杂的聚苯胺与氯磺化聚乙烯或苯乙烯－丁二烯－苯乙烯三嵌段共聚物形成的复合物的二次掺杂进行了研究。二次掺杂的复合膜经反掺杂后的ＵＶ－Ｖｉｓ吸收光谱在５８０￣８００ｎｍ处呈现宽的吸收，证实了二次掺杂后ＰＡｎ主链的展开，同时表明ＰＡｎ在ＣＳＰＥ中的展开较在ＳＢＳ中更充分，ＥＳＲ动态测试表明二次掺杂诱导主链的载流子间相互作用有２种方式；ＰＡｎ／ＣＳＰＥ中的单极化子转变为双极化子；ＰＡｎ／Ｓ     

聚苯胺水基胶体分散液及其复合物的研究：Ⅱ.紫外光谱及导电性能

利用紫外可见光谱研究了聚苯胺在水基胶体分散液中掺杂与脱掺杂过程，证实了ＰＡｎ的掺杂与脱掺杂是完全可逆的过程。当ｐＨ＝３．５时，开始脱掺杂，当ｐＨ＝６．０时，掊掺杂已基本结束。ＰＡｎ颗粒的大小也对紫外光谱有影响。当聚苯胺颗粒尺寸达到纳米量级时，复合膜光谱吸收峰明显半移，表现出表面效应和量子尺寸效应。     

聚苯胺水基胶体分散液及其复合物的研究 Ⅱ紫外光谱及导电性能

利用紫外可见光谱研究了聚苯胺（ＰＡｎ）在水基胶体分散液中掺杂与脱掺杂过程，证实了ＰＡｎ的掺杂与脱掺杂是完全可逆的过程．当ｐＨ＝３５时，开始脱掺杂，当ｐＨ＝６０时，脱掺杂已基本结束．ＰＡｎ颗粒的大小也对紫外光谱有影响．当聚苯胺颗粒尺寸达到纳米量级时（１００ｎｍ），复合膜光谱吸收峰明显兰移，表现出了表面效应和量子尺寸效应．聚苯胺／聚乙烯醇复合膜的电导率不仅受聚苯胺含量的影响，同时也受复合膜中聚苯胺颗粒聚集状态的影响．较小的聚苯胺颗粒，使复合膜具有较低的渗滤阈值．     

由聚苯胺粒子组成的电流变液的研究

由经碱处理的掺杂态聚苯胺（ＰＡｎ）制得高介电常数的半导体ＰＡｎ粒子，将其悬浮于电绝缘油可组成电流变液，讨论了电流变（ＥＲ）液的静态屈服应力（τ＿ｓ），电流密度等性能与ＰＡｎ的介电常数（ε＿ｐ），导电率（σ），体积分数和应用电场强度的关系。对导电率相同的ＰＡｎ粒子，用氨水处理的ＰＡｎ粒子ε＿ｐ较用ＮａＯＨ液处理的高，前者在σ足够低如σ≤１．０×１０￣（－７）／ｃｍ时，ＥＲ液的τ＿ｓ随偶极系数的平方（β￣２）的增大而呈现非线性增加；后者ＥＲ液的τ＿ｓ随β￣２的增大出现一最大值．结果表明：由聚苯胺粒子可组成高电流变活性的无水ＥＲ液．     

聚苯胺/PA-6导电复合膜的电化学合成与性能

用电化学复合法，以聚己内酰胺为膜基，通过氟硼酸掺杂，使苯胺电解聚合，制成一种新型的聚苯胺／聚己内酰胺（ＰＡｎ／ＰＡ－６）复合膜，考察了电流密度、掺杂剂浓度及苯胺浓度等因素对导电复合膜的电导率、机械性能的影响。     

聚苯胺溶液的凝胶化行为

通过流变学手段对聚苯胺溶液的凝胶化行为研究表明，在室温下，聚苯胺（ＰＡｎ）／Ｎ－甲基－２－吡咯烷酮（ＮＭＰ）溶液有一转折浓度Ｃｇ（０．０５ｇ／ｍＬ），浓度高于此值时，浴液凝胶化速度急剧增大，凝胶速度还与溶剂，ＰＡｎ分子量及溶液的温度有很大关系。溶液中不溶的ＰＡｎ的存在会加速凝胶化过程。ＰＡｎ／ＮＭＰ凝胶的假塑性和触变性明显地反映出ＰＡＶＮＭＰ溶液的凝胶化是溶剂参与的ＰＡｎ分子链间的物理交联过程。     

聚苯胺水基胶体分散液及其复合物的研究 Ⅰ制备、表征及复合物的表观形貌、力学性能

以聚乙烯醇（ＰＶＡ）为稳定剂（ｓｔｅｒｉｃｓｔａｂｉｌｉｚｅｒ）利用分散聚合（ｄｉｓｐｅｒｓｉｏｎｐｏｌｙｍｅｒｉ ｚａｔｉｏｎ）的原理，成功地制备出了稳定的聚苯胺（ＰＡｎ）水基胶体分散液．聚苯胺颗粒的大小受聚合条件如稳定剂浓度、单体浓度、温度以及搅伴状态等的影响．ＰＶＡ通过物理作用吸附在ＰＡｎ颗粒的表面，起到阻止ＰＡｎ颗粒进一步团聚的作用．但这种作用力较弱．ＰＡｎ颗粒的原始尺寸大小约为２０ｎｍ．由此原始颗粒组成了尺寸在１００ｍｍ～２００ｍｍ左右的稳定颗粒     

用共混和共聚法改性聚苯胺及其电流变液的研究

通过共混和表面接枝共聚两种方法改性聚苯胺，制备聚苯胺（ＰＡｎ）复合粒子并用它们组成活性较高的电流变（ＥＲ）液．研究了ＰＡｎ复合粒子的结构与ＥＲ液性能的关系．结果表明在ＰＡｎ粒子表面涂覆聚乙烯醇或接枝聚丙烯酰胺等与ＰＡｎ能形成氢键或有化学键连接的绝缘物质可以既提高其ＥＲ液的电诱导屈服应力又降低漏电流密度．     

5-Br-PADAP-NO2--SCN-三元离子缔合物分光光度法测定微量NO2-的研究

研究了在硫酸介质中５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ与ＮＯ＾－２和ＳＣＮ＾－形成三元离子缔合物的最佳条件,其表观摩尔吸光系数ε５５０＝２．４＊１０＾４Ｌ／（ｍｏｌ．ｃｍ）,缔合物组成比为ｎ（５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ）：ｎ（ＮＯ＾２）：ｎ（ＳＣＮ＾＿＝１：１：１。     

聚苯胺/聚(丙烯酸丁酯苯乙烯丙烯酸羟乙酯)导电复合物

导电聚合物成为当前热门课题,主要在于它有重大的应用价值．聚苯胺（ＰＡｎ）是研究得最多的导电聚合物之一,是因为它具有良好的热稳定性和化学稳定性．此外,ＰＡｎ易于用化学法或电化学法合成,其单体的成本低．但与其它导电聚合物一样,ＰＡｎ也难以加工成型,若与各...     

Composition and spectral studies of polyaniline salts

Five different polyaniline salts have been prepared by chemical polymerization of aniline in aqueous solution of different acids. The polyaniline base was obtained from the corresponding polyaniline salt by dedoping using aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution. Electron paramagnetic, electronic absorption, infrared spectral and conductivity measurements have been performed on the polyaniline salts and polyaniline bases. This composition and the extent of dopant in polyaniline salt systems have been determined. There is no definite correlation between the conductivity and the stoichiometric ratio between the polyaniline base and the acid, and also the spin concentration.     

水基导电聚苯胺及其复合材料

由于对离子诱导掺杂技术的发展,聚苯胺在有机溶剂中的加工问题已经得到解决,但日益增长的环保要求使得聚苯胺的水系加工倍受关注.本文通过分析聚苯胺水系加工的研究进展,认为从水溶性导电聚苯胺向水分散性导电聚苯胺转变是未来水基导电聚苯胺的主要发展趋势,水基导电聚苯胺复合材料是解决聚苯胺实际应用问题的主要形式.     

氧化剂对聚苯胺性质的影响

当过硫酸铵与苯胺的摩尔量之比为1∶1至2∶1时,化学合成的聚苯胺具有高的产率,电导率也较高,过多的过硫酸铵存在,使聚苯胺的电导率明显下降,这是由于它氧化了不同的中间体使产物不同,及聚苯胺被进一步氧化而造成的。各种强的氧化剂虽能提高电化学合成的聚苯胺的电极电位,但都使它的电导率和电化学活性显著降低,这仅是由于聚苯胺的进一步氧化所引起的。为了保持聚苯胺高的电化学活性,应避免它与强氧化剂共存。     

Synthesis and electrochemical performance of sandwich-like polyaniline/graphene composite nanosheets

Sandwich-like polyaniline/graphene composite nanosheets have been synthesized by chemical oxidation polymerization of aniline monomer on the surfaces of reduced graphene oxide nanosheets in the absence of any surfactants. The influences of the mass ratios of aniline and reduced graphene oxide on the sizes and morphologies of polyaniline/graphene nanocomposites have been investigated. As the mass ratio of aniline and reduced graphene oxide is smaller than 12:1, polymerization reaction of aniline occurs on the surfaces of reduced graphene oxide by heterogeneous nucleation to form sandwich-like polyaniline/graphene composite nanosheets. However, besides sandwich-like polyaniline/graphene composite nanosheets, polyaniline nanofibers are formed by homogeneous nucleation. In comparison with reduced graphene oxide and polyaniline nanofibers, the obtained sandwich-like polyaniline/graphene composite nanosheets exhibit good electrochemical performances due to the synergistic effect between graphene and polyaniline.     

掺杂态聚苯胺的性能及其防腐应用研究进展

聚苯胺具有良好的导电性和独特的掺杂-解掺杂特性,成为近年来备受关注的导电高分子材料,其特有的抗划伤、抗点蚀和钝化性能使其在金属防腐领域拥有巨大的应用前景。聚苯胺结构中苯环的存在,使得其分子链具有较大刚性,而分子间氢键又导致其难溶、难熔、可加工性能较差,严重制约了聚苯胺的应用。掺杂过程能有效改善聚苯胺的某些性能,或赋予其新的功能,扩展聚苯胺的应用。本文综述了聚苯胺的掺杂方式、掺杂机理、聚苯胺防腐材料的制备方法,以及其在金属防腐领域的应用,展望了聚苯胺的研究和应用前景。     

Synthesis and characterization of aluminum–polyaniline thin films and membranes

Polyaniline (PAni) films of different intrinsic oxidation states, including emeraldine salt, emeraldine base and leucoemeraldine base, were synthesized. Free‐standing membranes and thin film bilayers of aluminum–polyaniline were fabricated by magnetron sputter deposition of aluminum onto polyaniline films. Aluminum–polyaniline samples were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to investigate the microstructures of specimens, including cross‐sectional TEM micrographs of the metal‐polyaniline interfacial structure not previously reported in the literature. Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to study the chemical bonding and interaction between deposited aluminum and polyaniline at the interface. Results indicated that the intrinsic oxidation state of the polyaniline influenced the chemistry of the aluminum–polyaniline interface. Distinct interaction between aluminum and polyaniline in the emeraldine salt‐form was observed. However, there was no evidence of direct interactions of the aluminum with emeraldine base and leucoemeraldine base polyaniline. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

β-萘磺酸掺杂聚苯胺纳米粒子的固相反应法制备及其表征

利用固相反应法制备了 β 萘磺酸掺杂的聚苯胺纳米粒子 ,并以红外光谱 (FTIR) ,扫描电子显微镜(SEM) ,透射电镜 (TEM) ,X 射线衍射 (XRD)以及粉末微电极等测试方法对其进行了表征 .结果表明 ,固相反应法合成的 β 萘磺酸掺杂聚苯胺粒子直径为 30～ 5 0nm ,聚苯胺分子链排列有序 ,晶化率较好 .粉末微电极的循环伏安测试表明 ,β 萘磺酸掺杂聚苯胺有较好的电化学活性 .     

Preparation of oriented titanium phosphate and tin phosphate/polyaniline hybrid films by electrochemical deposition

The preparation of hybrid films of metal (Ti and Sn) phosphate nanosheets and polyaniline by simultaneous electrophoretic and electrolytic deposition was performed in an acetonitrile solvent. Emeraldine polyaniline was intercalated between the phosphate nanosheets with a monolayer arrangement. The obtained hybrid films were several tens of micrometers in thickness. The ratio of incorporated polyaniline to metal phosphate in the hybrid films reaches to around 0.45 and 0.30 at suitable concentrations of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH). These amounts correspond with occupancy of polyaniline in the interlayer gallery of several tens percent. Fractions of voids in a horizontal direction were around 22 and 1% in titanium phosphate/polyaniline and tin phosphate/polyaniline hybrid films, respectively. Thus, anodic electrodeposition makes it possible to form thick films of intercalation compounds of alpha-titanium and tin phosphates with polyaniline. These hybrid films were examined for redox activity. The cyclic voltammetry results of these films confirmed that the hybrid films have redox activity by polyaniline. For these voltammograms, the maximum current was observed in the tin phosphate/polyaniline hybrid deposited for 15 min. The redox activity of these hybrids possibly depends on the mesoscopic texture of the film, especially on the amount of voids in a horizontal direction.     

电化学合成聚苯胺粉末电极的电化学行为研究

我们曾用慢速动电位扫描法研究化学合成聚苯胺粉末的电化学行为.本文对恒电位电解合成聚苯胺粉末进行了研究.用这种方法制备的粉末由于合成溶液中不含氧化剂因而纯度高.本文还报导了这种聚苯胺粉末电极的交流阻抗测量结果.交流阻抗法曾用于聚苯胺膜的电导和化学合成聚吡咯的电阻测定. 所用盐酸、氟硼酸、硅氟酸、苯胺均为分析纯;苯胺经常压蒸馏提纯;硫酸为超纯;磷酸为分析纯;高氯酸为优级纯.溶液皆用两次蒸馏水配制.     

掺杂质子酸的类型对聚苯胺结构和电导率的影响

采用化学氧化聚合法以苯胺为单体，过硫酸铵为氧化剂，在不同质子酸的水溶液中合成聚苯胺，考察质子酸对聚苯胺电性能影响，并通过傅立叶红外吸收光谱（FTIR）和紫外可见光吸收光谱（UV－vis)研究聚苯胺掺杂前后结构的变化。结果表明，龙质子酸掺杂后聚 胺具有导电性是因为其分子链上电荷离城形成了共轭结构，具有不同质子酸中生成的聚苯胺氧化程度不同；分子链共轭程度与掺杂酸对阴离子大小有关，掺杂质子酸对阴离子越大，聚苯胺分子链共轭程度越大，电导率也就越高。