(9Z,12Z,15Z)-十八碳三烯醛的GC-MS分析

（9Z，12Z，15Z）－十八碳三烯醛是美国白蛾信息素的主要成效成分之一，在其合成的过程中，采用气相色谱监测分离提纯效果；提纯的样品成分在化学方法、IR、^1H NMR波谱分析基础上用气相色谱－质谱鉴定为该化合物，并用气相色谱的面积归一化法测得其含量大于99％；该法简单、准确可靠、无需标样。     

马山前胡挥发油化学成分研究

本文用毛细管气相色谱、气相色谱／质谱／计算、气相色谱／红外光谱等现代仪器分析技术，对马山前胡挥发油的化学成分进行了分析研究，从毛细管色谱分离出８０多个峰，确认了其中３７种成分，占色谱总馏出峰面积的９７％以上，该挥发油的主要化学成分为蒎烯。     

气相色谱法对乙醛多聚体的质量全分析

１引言 四聚乙醛是一种白色针状结晶，易燃，有工业固体酒精之称。可用作固体燃料、塑料发泡剂和杀灭蜗牛、蛞蝓等有肺类软件害虫和吸血虫寄生的钉螺等，还可用于安全火柴、焰火和人工降雨等方面。国外研究开发该产品始于４０年代。我厂经过多年的努力，于１９９６年实现了工业化生产。然而该产品的分析方法则是一个难题。Ｖａｓｙａｇｉｎａ等研究了气相色谱法，但该方法重现性差，误差也大。１９９４年西安近代化学研究所也研究了气相色谱法，该方法对四聚乙醇和三聚乙醛分别测定，故有诸多的局限性。本工作使用气相色谱法，结合校正因子…     

动力学分析法测定气相中的二氧化碳

本文基于气相中的二氧化碳在稀氢氧化钠－酚酞溶液中的溶解而使酚酞逐渐褪色的动力学行为提出了一种直接测定气相中微量二氧化碳的动力学分析法。研究表明，该反应的速率与气相中ＣＯ２的浓度成正比。利用固定浓度法，本文测定了一些模拟样品和环境气体样品，效果良好。该方法仪品简单，样品不必预处理。     

化学气相发生气液分离装置

本实用新型涉及一种化学气相发生气液分离装置，包括混合反应器、气液分离装置和载气输送管。所述气液分离装置的气相输出管的管路中设置气体混合器，所述载气输送管与气体混合器连接。该装置可用于各类原子光谱仪器的化学气相发生系统，有效地消除化学气相发生过程中产生的大量气泡，并降低进入原子化器的待测气中的水份含量，从而提高了仪器的信噪比，有效地改善了仪器的检出下限。该装置采用抽力较强的混气装置，能将气液分离装置中的反应生成气迅速抽出并与载气均匀混合，这样可以显著降低送往原子化器中气体的湿度，其露点大大低于室温，显著提高了仪器的灵敏度和稳定性。     

便携式气相色谱-质谱联用仪的校准

建立便携式气相色谱-质谱联用仪的校准方法。根据便携式气相色谱-质谱联用仪的工作原理及不同的进样方式和工作特性，选取信噪比、峰面积重复性、保留时间重复性、定量稳定性4个计量特性进行校准。分别对国内市场常见的4种型号的便携式气相色谱-质谱联用仪进行校准，4种仪器的信噪比均大于20，峰面积重复性均优于10%，保留时间重复性均优于1%，定量稳定性均优于10%。校准结果表明，该方法给出的计量特性及技术指标较为合理，校准方法切实可行。     

气相色谱—表面发射火焰光度检测法测定环境水样中的二辛基锡

建立了测定环境水样中二辛基锡化合物的气相色谱法。该法用硼氢化钠把二辛基锡氯化物衍生成氢化物，以二氯甲萃取后，用气相色谱－表面发射火焰光度检测器分析测定。     

气相色谱（电子捕获检测器）和气相色谱－质谱联用测定血中十种单端孢霉烯族毒素

本文建立了人血中十种单端孢霉烯族毒素的气相色谱（电子捕获检测器）和气相色谱－质谱（气质）联用分析法。该法采用乙酸乙酯萃取血中毒素后，将萃取液浓缩至干，用七氟丁酰咪唑衍生化，用气相色谱和色／质联用分析测定。方法的最低检出限为１～１０ｎｇ／ｍＬ血，回收率为６０．８～１０１．１％。     

气相色谱（电子捕获检测器）和气相色谱－质谱联用测定血中十种单端孢霉烯族毒素

 本文建立了人血中十种单端孢霉烯族毒素的气相色谱（电子捕获检测器）和气相色谱－质谱（气质）联用分析法。该法采用乙酸乙酯萃取血中毒素后，将萃取液浓缩至干，用七氟丁酰咪唑衍生化，用气相色谱和色／质联用分析测定。方法的最低检出限为１～１０ｎｇ／ｍＬ血，回收率为６０．８～１０１．１％。     

倍硫磷的气相色谱/红外光谱检测

倍硫磷是我国常用农药品种，也是是 口大米的必检项目之一。本文应用气相色谱／红外光谱联用方法，探索了倍硫磷的最佳色谱条件，获得其气以谱／红外光谱图，并依靠已有的气相红外谱库进行了检索，拟建立倍硫磷的气相色谱／红外谱库，以用于农产品中该农药的GC／FTIR监控。     

A preliminary study of milk powder hydration using TEDSpiL continuous wave NMR

Moisture content of foodstuffs are typically assessed by Titration or Near Infrared Spectroscopy, which are labour-intensive as a manual measurement or costly when automated. Magnetic resonance offers a method for moisture evaluation but is also normally costly. In this work, we revisit Look and Locker's “Tone Burst” experiment with a marginal oscillator to evaluate moisture content of powdered–skimmed milk subjected to increased humidity. We refer to this technique as the Transient Effect Determination of Spin–Lattice (TEDSpiL) relaxation times. Moisture content in the samples ranged from 0–12% as determined from the weight gained by the dry powder when re-suspended in water to reach a concentration of 40% w/v. The relaxation properties of re-hydrated samples were measured with a CW NMR sensor. Solutions made up from powders with a higher retained moisture content provided lower measured relaxation values providing a method of measuring the moisture content of the powder. This technique provides a moisture measurement in under 5∼s compared with several minutes for the equivalent pulsed method using low-field hardware.     

The soil moisture and its effect on the detection of buried hydrogenous material by neutron backscattering technique

Among the available nuclear techniques, the neutron backscattering technique, based on the detection of the produced thermal neutrons, is thought to be the most promising for landmine detections.The results obtained from Monte Carlo simulation were used for selection of BF₃ detector and Am–Be neutron source shielding. In addition, soil moisture was discussed as a limitation of the neutron backscattering technique. It was experimentally found that this technique is useful for soil whose water content is lower than 14%.     

Using chemometric methods and NIR spectrophotometry in the textile industry

A quantitative and qualitative technique for identification of textiles, moisture measurements, textile coatings and process control was developed, using near infra-red spectroscopy (NIR) in combination with chemometric methods. These applications demonstrate by the use of computer assisted data processing the possibility of identifying textile fibers, not only for quality control but also for online textile recycling processes. In this study, seven various textile fibers (cotton, polyester, viscose, silk, wool, polyacrylonitrile, acetate) were used and all combinations of two factor blends were qualitatively identified using NIR spectroscopy and the chemometric PLS2 method for the calibration.

A quantitative analysis of textile moisture can also be performed with this technique. Water content above 50% does not deliver good results for a calibration set to determine the dampness of fibers. But to measure residual moisture from ≈0.05 up to 50%, the NIR technique is particularly good. Furthermore, the examination shows that the NIR method and chemometric methods can be used in quality- and product-control during the industrial production of upholstery fabrics. With this technique it will be possible to identify nylon flocks and to measure the residual moisture of the flocks and fabric, too.     

微波谐振腔微扰技术检测造纸法再造烟叶水分

研究了基于微波谐振腔微扰技术检测造纸法再造烟叶水分的方法.用最小二乘法探讨了不同微波测量参数与造纸法再造烟叶水分含量的校准模型,并将检测结果与标准烘箱法进行了比较.研究表明:该方法的测量误差小于0.4%,检测的响应速度仅为 0.1 ms.     

The effect of various potato cultivars at different times during growth on starch content determined by DSC

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to determine the starch content of potato dry matter isolated from various cultivars at different times during growth. When potato dry matter was heated in the presence of excess water, a symmetrical endothermic peak resulted, which was similar to the gelatinization peak of pure starch. From the enthalpy value of potato dry matter and pure potato starch at a moisture content of 70%, the starch content in the potato dry matter can be determined. Starch content increased as growth progressed to a maximum and then decreased. The effect of moisture content and sample mass on gelatinization of dry matter and starch was also investigated. Compared to other starch analysis technique, DSC is a simple and more rapid method.     

低场核磁共振技术分析不同来源水分在烟丝中的分布状态及含水率的研究

采用低场核磁共振分析技术(LF-NMR)对不同来源水处理后的烟丝进行分析,研究了不同处理工艺样品的含水率及水分分布状态的变化。结果表明:水的种类对烘丝关键工序烟丝水分含量及分布状态具有明显影响。其中反渗透水和磁化水处理的样品含水率高于自来水处理后的样品,分别高0.43%和0.72%。得到薄板适宜的加工温度为140~150℃,气流干燥适宜的加工温度为180~210℃。     

Method for combinatorial screening of moisture vapor transmission rate

A high-throughput method for screening the moisture vapor transmission rate of barrier films was developed. This moisture high-throughput screening (MHTS) technique is based upon a Nafion-crystal violet (CVN) sensor that changes color from yellow to green upon absorption of water. Using an appropriate set of known standards, the slope of absorbance (at 630 nm) as a function of time can be converted into moisture vapor transmission rate (MVTR) values that agree with those obtained using ASTM F1290. High-throughput screening was demonstrated by depositing 20 emulsion-based poly(vinylidene chloride) films, using a 48-well template, of varying thicknesses onto the CVN sensor film and aging at 40 degrees C and 90% relative humidity for 72 h. MVTR values were accurately determined to a level of 0.9 g/m(2).day, at which point side-diffusion of moisture between the barrier and sensor films prevented observation of lower values. Larger sample size and edge-sealing are two proposed methods for improving the sensitivity of MHTS.     

Opto-thermal Moisture Content and Moisture Depth Profile Measurements in Organic Materials

Opto-thermal transient emission radiometry(OTTER) is a infrared remote sensing technique, which has been successfully used in in vivo skin moisture content and skin moisture depth profiling measurements. In present paper, we extend this moisture content measurement capability to analyze the moisture content of fruit (tomato. grape, etc. ) skins, and to study the relationship between fruits ripening process and their sur-face moisture and moisture depth profiles.     

近红外光谱法在红曲菌固态发酵过程参数检测中的应用

研究了近红外光谱技术快速检测红曲菌固态发酵过程参数水分含量和pH值的可行性。针对传统基于间隔策略波长选择方法忽略非线性因素的缺点,采用一种基于最小二乘支持向量机(Least squares support vector machines,LS-SVM)非线性模型的波长筛选算法：联合区间最小二乘支持向量机(Synergy interval least squares support vector machines,siLS-SVM),并将新算法与相关系数法、iPLS算法、siPLS算法对比。实验结果显示,联合siLS-SVM算法和LS-SVM模型取得了最好的预测效果,水分含量、pH值的预测集相关系数(Rp)分别为0.962 1、0.976 1,预测均方根误差(RMSEP)分别为0.012 9、0.145 2,表明模型具有较好的拟合度和预测性能。应用近红外光谱法进行红曲菌固态发酵过程的水分含量和pH值的快速检测可行,该方法为进一步实现其过程参数的在线检测及发酵条件优化提供了技术基础。     

An integrated study for mapping the moisture distribution in an ancient damaged wall painting

An integrated study of microclimate monitoring, IR thermography (IRT), gravimetric tests and portable unilateral nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was applied in the framework of planning emergency intervention on a very deteriorated wall painting in San Rocco church, Cornaredo (Milan, Italy). The IRT investigation supported by gravimetric tests showed that the worst damage, due to water infiltration, was localized on the wall painting of the northern wall. Unilateral NMR, a new non-destructive technique which measures the hydrogen signal of the moisture and that was applied directly to the wall, allowed a detailed map of the distribution of the moisture in the plaster underlying the wall panting to be obtained. With a proper calibration of the integral of the recorded signal with suitable specimens, each area of the map corresponded to an accurate amount of moisture. IRT, gravimetric tests and unilateral NMR applied to investigate the northern wall painting showed the presence of two wet areas separated by a dry area. The moisture found in the lower area was ascribed to the occurrence of rising damp at the bottom of the wall due to the slope of the garden soil towards the northern exterior. The moisture found in the upper area was ascribed to condensation phenomena associated with the presence of a considerable amount of soluble, hygroscopic salts. In the framework of this integrated study, IRT investigation and gravimetric methods validated portable unilateral NMR as a new analytical tool for measuring in situ and without any sampling of the distribution and amount of moisture in wall paintings.