导电高聚物聚2，5－二甲基苯胺的化学合成与特性

报道了聚２，５－二甲基苯胺（ＰＤＭｅＡｎ）的化学合成，并用标准四探针方法测定其电导率，以ＦＴＩＲ、ＵＶ－Ｖｉｓ吸收光谱、元素分析和ＣＶ法对其性质进行了研究，ＰＤＭｅＡｎ的结构与聚苯胺和聚２，５－二甲氧基苯胺的结构类似，是由其单元通过氮原子（Ｎ）在对位上键合而成，本征态的ＰＤＭｅＡｎ能溶于多种有机溶剂，如ＣＨ２Ｃｌ２、ＣＨＣｌ３、ＤＭＳＯ、ＤＭＦ等。     

聚乙烯醇－g－聚丙烯酸膜用于渗透气化法分离乙醇－水的研究

合成了聚乙烯醇－ｇ－聚丙烯酸接枝聚合物（ＰＶＡ－ｇ－ＰＡＡ），分别用ＫＯＨ、ＮａＯＨ、ＬｉＣｌ的乙醇－水溶液处理ＰＶＡ－ｇ－ＰＡＡ膜。发现离子膜用于乙醇－水的渗透气化分离可以大幅度提高分离系数，特别是用ＫＯＨ处理，分离系数可达４００。     

笼形聚偕胺肟树脂的研究HX／ACAO树脂吸附贵金属

氢卤酸、硝酸、硫酸、磷酸和硼酸处理的笼形聚偕胺肟树脂（ＨＸ／Ａ－ＣＡＯ）对Ａｇ＋和等贵金属离子的吸附能力按如下顺序：ＰｄＣｌ４２－：Ｈ３ＢＯ３／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＢＣＡＯ＞Ｈ３ＰＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＩ／ＡＣＡＯ＞Ｈ２ＳＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＣｌ／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＮＯ３／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＦ／ＡＣＡＯ．ＩｒＣｌ６２－：ＢＣＡＯ＞Ｈ３ＰＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ＞Ｈ３ＢＯ３／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＣｌ／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＦ／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＩ／ＡＣＡＯ＞Ｈ２ＳＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ≥ＨＮＯ３／ＡＣＡＯ．ＰｔＣｌ６２：ＢＣＡＯ＞Ｈ３ＢＯ３／ＡＣＡＯ＞Ｈ２ＳＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＮＯ３／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＣｌ／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＦ／ＡＣＡＯ＞Ｈ３ＰＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＩ／ＡＣＡＯ．Ａｇ＋：ＢＣＡＯ＞Ｈ３ＢＯ３／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＩ／ＡＣＡＯ＞Ｈ２ＳＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＦ／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＣｌ／ＡＣＡＯ＞Ｈ３ＰＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＮＯ３／ＡＣＡＯ．ＡｕＣｌ４－：ＢＣＡＯ＞Ｈ３ＢＯ３＞Ｈ３ＰＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＦ／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＣｌ／Ａ－ＣＡＯ＞Ｈ２ＳＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＩ／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＮＯ３／Ａ－ＣＡＯ．研究了Ｈ３ＢＯ３／ＡＣＡＯ树脂对Ａｇ＋和离子的吸附动力学，讨论了吸附机理．     

H2C（P（Ph）2AuX）2和HC（P（Ph）2AuX）3（X=I,CI）型配合物的…

根据配合物Ｈ２Ｃ（Ｐ（Ｐｈ）２ＡｕＸ）２（Ｘ＝Ｉ，Ｃｌ）和ＨＣ（Ｐ（Ｐｈ）２ＡｕＸ）３（Ｘ＝Ｉ，Ｃｌ）的晶体结构对它们进行了从头算研究，在ＭＰ２近似水平下得到绕Ｃ－Ｐ旋转所产生构象的势能曲线，从而揭示Ａｕ（Ｉ）－Ａｕ（Ｉ）相互作用，计算结果表明，在所研究的四个配合物中均存在Ａｕ（Ｉ）－Ａｕ（Ｉ）相互作用，该作用较弱，约为１０．０～１６．５ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，与Ｓｃｈｍｉｂａｕｒ的实验估计值和Ｐｙｙｋｋｏ     

临氢还原处理对Al2O3负载的CuO-MOx催化剂的影响

研究了Ｈ２预处理对Ａｌ２Ｏ３负载ＣｕＯ和ＣｕＯ－ＭＯｘ催化剂的作用。考察了Ｈ２处理时间、Ｈ２处理浓度以及多次还原氧化循环对ＣｕＯ系催化剂ＣＯ氧化活性的影响规律,并用原位还原氧化反应技术、ＸＰＳ对Ｈ２预处理的作用进行了研究。结果表明,ＣｕＯ－ＣｏＯ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３和ＣｕＯ－Ｃｅ２Ｏ３／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂受Ｈ２还原处理后ＣＯ氧化活性明显增加,并随Ｈ２处理时间、处理浓度的增加而增强。而且催化剂的ＣＯ氧化活性还     

聚苯胺的化学合成及其电化学表征

本文用化学聚合法合成了在Ｎ－甲基吡咯烷酮（ＮＭＰ）中可溶的聚苯胺（ＰＡＮＩ）。通过溶液法定量（浓度与体积）制膜，对ＰＡＮＩ膜修饰电极的循环伏安（ＣＶ）性质进行了研究，证实了ＰＡＮＩ膜在１０．０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＨＣｌ的介质中，－０．１５￣０．６５Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）的电位范围内氧化还原单元为八隅体单元。比较了恒电流聚合与化学聚合所得的聚苯胺的ＣＶ性质，发现两者有很好的一致性。     

活性碳纤维ZnO—SACF氧化还原机理的研究

本文借助于ＩＲ，ＴＧ和ＸＰＳ，研究了ＺｎＯ－ＳＡＣＦ制备过程中及其吸附Ａｇ＾＋和Ａｕ＾３＋前后的化学结构变化。实验结果表明：从ＳＡＣＦ到ＺｎＯ－ＳＡＣＦ，纤维表面上的Ｏ／Ｃ原子比和含氧基团如Ｃ＝Ｏ和ＣＯＯ都有所减少；ＺｎＯ－ＳＡＣＦ上还原性功能基团主要是－Ｃ－ＯＨ，当ＺｎＯ－ＳＡＣＦ吸附Ａｇ＾＋后，－Ｃ－ＯＨ被氧化为－Ｃ＝Ｏ，而当其吸附Ａｕ＾３＋后，－Ｃ－ＰＨ被氧化为－Ｃ＝Ｏ和－（Ｏ＝Ｃ）－ＯＨ，     

导电高聚物聚2,5—二甲基苯胺的化学合成与特性

报道了聚２，５－二甲基苯胺的化学合成，并用标准四探针方法测定其电导率，以ＦＴＩＲ，ＵＶ－Ｖｉｓ吸收光谱，无素分析和ＣＶ法对其性质进行了研究。本征太民的ＰＤＭｅＡｎ能溶于多种有机溶剂，如ＣＨ２Ｃｌ２，ＣＨＣｌ３，ＤＭＳＯ，ＤＭＦ等。     

化学文摘社和国际科技信息检索网

化学文摘社和国际科技信息检索网张立群（美国化学文摘社，ＣｈｅｍｉｃａｌＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔｓＳｅｒｖｉｃｅ，Ｐ．Ｏ．Ｂｏｘ３０１２．ＣｏｌｕｍｂｕｓＯＨ４３２１０，ＵＳＡ）张曼平（青岛海洋大学化学系，２６６００３）从１９０７年建立以来，化学文摘社（ＣＡＳ...     

射流冷却下过氧化二叔丁基瞬时热解反应的研究

采用射流冷却和高温瞬时热解技术研究了过氧化二叔丁基（ＤＴＢＰ）热解产物的质量分布和飞行时间谱。ＤＴＢＰ解离率与热解温度的关系表明，１３００Ｋ时ＤＴＢＰ全部解离。以Ａｒ为载气时，ＤＴＢＰ热解产物ＣＨ＿３ＣＯＣＨ＿３的飞行时间谱上出现双峰，而以Ｈｅ或Ｎ＿２为载气时只出现单峰，表明在射流冷却下可能有部分ＣＨ＿３ＣＯＣＨ＿３分子与Ａｒ生成了范德华分子ＣＨ＿３ＣＯＣＨ＿３·Ａｒｎ·此外，还讨论了射流冷却下ＤＴＢＰ瞬时热解的机理。     

微波作用下的细粉煤脱水研究

在煤炭开采和加工工业中 ,泥煤的脱水问题变得越来越重要。改进细粉煤脱水效果的方法主要有物理方法和化学方法两类。现有的物理方法主要是提高过滤压力 ,使滤饼的结构变得致密 ,从而挤出其中的水分 ;微波加热脱水是指煤饼中的极性分子水在微波场的作用下快速摆动 ,产生类似于摩擦的作用 ,而以热的形式表现出来 ,使水分蒸发[1] 。本文是在微波加热条件下 ,探讨了微波对脱水效果的影响以及微波脱水的最佳工艺条件。1　实验部分1 1　原料　实验样品为朱仙庄气煤、山家林肥煤、西曲焦煤、青龙山瘦煤。其工业分析见表 1,其中空气干燥基水分为块…     

Ag2SO4-CuSO4 催化-微波消解快速测定炼油污水中化学需氧量

以Ａｇ２ＳＯ４－ＣｕＳＯ４为催化剂,探讨了微波消解测定炼油污水中化学需氧量（Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ Ｏｘｙｇｅｎ Ｄｅｍａｎｄ,ＣＯＤｃｒ）的方法。确定了微波消解测定炼油污水ＣＯＤｃｒ的最佳条件;消解功率、消解时间、混酸介质Ｈ３ＰＯ４－Ｈ２ＳＯ４用量、催化剂配比等。用该方法测定炼油水各处理装置出水 的ＣＯＤｃｒ,与经典的ＣＯＤｃｒ回流法所得结果一致。方法适用于临控生产过程。     

Filtration application from recycled expanded polystyrene

Water-in-oil emulsion with drop size less than 100 mum is difficult to separate. Coalescence filtration is economical and effective for separation of secondary dispersions. Coalescence performance depends on flow rate, bed depth, fiber surface properties, and drop size. The amount of surface area of the fibers directly affects the efficiency. A new recycling method was investigated in the previous work in which polystyrene (PS) sub-mum fibers were electro-spun from recycled expanded polystyrene (EPS). These fibers are mixed with micro glass fibers to modify the glass fiber filter media. The filter media are tested in the separation of water droplets from an emulsion of water droplets in oil. The experimental results in this work show that adding nanofibers to conventional micron sized fibrous filter media improves the separation efficiency of the filter media but also increases the pressure drop. An optimum in the performance occurs (significant increase in efficiency with minimal increase in pressure drop) with the addition of about 4% by mass of 500 nm diameter PS nanofibers to glass fibers for the filters.     

无汞分光光度法快速测定含氯废水化学需氧量

建立无汞分光光度法快速测定含氯废水的化学需氧量。氯离子在测定化学需氧量反应中会增大重铬酸钾的消耗量,进而影响测定的准确性。传统的化学需氧量测定需要使用硫酸汞掩蔽氯化物。通过添加过量硫酸银以减少汞的使用,建立化学需氧量的无汞测定法。研究表明添加硫酸银含量1.03%的Ag2SO4-H2SO4试剂可以掩蔽500 mg/L及以下浓度氯离子的干扰。运用传统的测定方法和无汞测定法对理论化学需氧量为100 mg/L的邻苯二甲酸氢钾溶液进行测定,无汞测定法测定值略高于传统方法测定值。在氯离子浓度低于500 mg/L时,无汞方法测定值的准确度优于传统方法。另外,化学需氧量无汞测定法将化学药品的单位样本使用成本从0.61元降至0.47元。无汞分光光度法适用于含氯废水化学需氧量的快速测定。     

Exploratory Analysis for Elemental Characterization of Biomass Residues From Biodiesel Production by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry

Edible and non-edible seeds with high oil content are used as the main raw material for biodiesel production. The residual biomass (press cake or oil cake) can be used as animal feed, to aggregate value to the biodiesel production cycle. In this work, a microwave-assisted-digestion procedure for elementary determination by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) using dilute nitric acid was developed. Inter-laboratorial reference material was used to check the accuracy. A full factorial design in addition to exploratory analysis through principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were used to classify the samples: press cakes from castor (Ricinus communis), jatropha (Jatropha curcas), radish (Raphanus sativus), sunflower (Heliantus annus), and coffee (Coffe arabica), according to their similarities.     

The application of ultrafiltration for treatment of ships generated oily wastewater

The wastewaters collected from ships were preliminary separated in harbour installation into an oil fraction (slop oil) and the aqueous phase. The oil phase was then separated from slop oil, and the resulting water phase was subjected to the treatment in a coagulation/flotation process. The effluent (oil content 7–13 ppm) from these processes was further purified in biological wastewater treatment plant. A composition of bilge water is variable what affects the efficiency of coagulation/flotation process and the effluents may contain a significant amount of oil residues. The purification of effluents from coagulation/flotation process was performed in this work with ultrafiltration (UF), using FP100 membranes. The turbidity of obtained UF permeate was varied in the range of 0.08–0.26 NTU and the oil content was at a level of 0.9–1.1 ppm. Such purified water can be utilized for rinsing the oil–water separation devices located in the wastewater treatment plant, instead of tap water used so far. The obtained UF retentate contained 30 ppm of oil can be recycled to the coagulation/flotation process. Fouling of UF membranes was observed during the separation process, however, the FP100 membranes were effective cleaned with alkaline cleaning agents P3 Ultrasil 11.     

Separation of Water‐in‐Oil Emulsions Using Glass Fiber Media Augmented with Polymer Nanofibers

Water‐in‐oil emulsion separations are important to the petrochemical industry for product quality, safety, environmental, and economic reasons. Glass fiber filter media are often used to remove water droplets out of water‐in‐oil emulsions. The experimental results in this work show that 1% by mass of polyamide nanofibers with diameters of about 150 nm added to conventional micron‐sized glass fiber filter media improves the separation efficiency of the filter media from 71 to 84%. The addition of similar amounts of micron‐sized polyamide fibers to the glass fiber media do not improve filter capture efficiency.     

自动电位滴定法测定炼油工业污水中的氯离子

介绍自动电位滴定法测定炼油工业污水中氯离子含量。炼油工业污水样品经加热煮沸、双氧水氧化等预处理后,通过调节使其pH=2～6,以硝酸银标准溶液为滴定剂,在自动电位滴定仪上进行电位滴定。试验表明,本方法可以用来测定带色度的炼油工业污水样品,且对样品的酸碱度无苛刻要求,过量的双氧水不影响测定结果,不同浓度的标准样品其测定结果与其标称浓度无显著性差异。     

Effect of Inorganic Solids,Wax to Asphaltene Ratio,and Water Cut on the Stability of Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsions

The formation of stable water-in-crude oil emulsions during petroleum production and refinery may create sever and costly separation problems. It is very important to understand the mechanism and factors contributing to the formation and stabilization of such emulsions for both great economic and environmental development. This article investigates some of the factors controlling the stability of water-in-crude oil emulsions formed in Burgan oil field in Kuwait. Water-in-crude oil emulsion samples collected from Burgan oil filed have been used to separate asphaltenes, resins, waxes, and crude oil fractions. These fractions were used to prepare emulsion samples to study the effect of solid particles (Fe₃O₄) on the stability of emulsions samples. Results indicate that high solid content lead to higher degree of emulsion stability. Stability of emulsion samples under various waxes to asphaltenes (W/A) ratios have also been tested. These tests showed that at low W/A content, the emulsions were very stable. While at a wax to asphaltene ratio above 1 to 1, the addition of wax reduced emulsion stability. Stability of emulsion samples with varying amount of water cut has also been investigated. Results indicated that stability and hence viscosity of emulsion increases as a function of increasing the water cut until it reaches the inversion point where a sharp decline in viscosity takes place. This inversion point was found to be approximately at 50% water cut for the crude oils considered in this study.     

Determination of fluoroquinolones in environmental water and milk samples treated with stir cake sorptive extraction based on a boron‐rich monolith

In this study, a new stir cake sorptive extraction using a boron‐rich monolith as the adsorbent was prepared by the in situ copolymerization of vinylboronic anhydride pyridine complex and divinylbenzene. The effect of preparation parameters, including the ratio of vinylboronic anhydride pyridine complex and divinylbenzene, monomer mixture, and porogen solvent, on extraction performance was investigated thoroughly. The physicochemical properties of the adsorbent were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and mercury intrusion porosimetry. Several conditions affecting the extraction efficiency were investigated in detail. Under the optimized conditions, a convenient and sensitive method for the determination of trace fluoroquinolones residues in water and milk samples was established by coupling stir cake sorptive extraction with high‐performance liquid chromatography and diode array detection. The limits of detection for the target compounds were 0.10–0.26 and 0.11–0.22 μg/L for water and milk samples, respectively. In addition, the developed method showed good linearity, repeatability, and precision. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied for the detection of trace fluoroquinolones residues in environmental water and milk samples. Satisfactory recoveries were obtained for the determination of fluoroquinolones in spiking samples that ranged from 68.8 to 120%, with relative standard deviations below 10% in all cases.