纳米氧化铝微柱富集-等离子体发射光谱法测定植物中痕量稀土元素

以负载了1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基-吡唑酮[5](PMBP)的纳米氧化铝为微柱吸附材料，采用等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)，系统地研究了其在动态条件下对稀土离子Sc^3 、Y^3 和La^3 的吸附性能，并确定了最佳吸附及解脱条件。实验结果表明：在pH为4．5时，分析物均可被上述吸附材料定量吸附；用0．5moL／L盐酸溶液可将吸附在微柱上的稀土离子完全解脱。本法对Sc^3 、Y^3 和La^3 的检出限分别为0．16、0.19和0．39μg／L；相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为2．7％、3．2％和1．6％(n=9，C=0．5mg／L)。方法应用于植物标样中痕量Sc、Y和La的测定，其测定值与标样值吻合很好。     

一种钙/钙调蛋白依赖性的蛇毒磷脂酶A2

分别研究了钙离子和三价稀土离子对白眉蝮蛇（Agkistrodon blomhoffii Ussurensis)蛇毒磷脂酶A2（PLA2）活性的影响以及钙调蛋白对它的激活作用,实验结果表明,PLA2的活性对钙离子表现出依赖性,钙调蛋白能够激活该蛇毒PLA2,钙调蛋白的拮抗剂三氟甲基吩噻嗪（Trifluoperazine)能够完全抑制它对PLA2的激活作用,三价稀土离子La^3 ,Eu^3 ,Dy^3 ,Yb^3 对该PLA2的活性表现出抑制作用,其中离子半径 较大的La^3 和Eu^3 对酶活的抑制程度要小于半径较小的Dy^3 和Yb^3 。     

钙通道关闭及开放状态下稀土离子对淋巴细胞的 跨膜行为

用荧光探针法(以Fura-2为荧光指示剂)通过监测细胞内荧光强度的变化来判断稀土的跨膜行为。在近生理条件下,从单细胞、多细胞两个角度,研究了人外周血淋巴细胞钙离子通道开放、关闭等不同状态下Dy^3^+,La^3^+等稀土离子的跨膜行为。实验得出：微量稀土离子在上述状态下均不能跨膜内流。我们还发现,在钙通道开放的情况下,低剂量稀土离子不影响细胞外钙跨膜内流。     

稀土离子(La3+, Gd3+, Yb3+)对线粒体产生活性氧的影响

研究了稀土离子对分离的线粒体产生活性氧(ROS)的影响. 采用荧光光度法跟踪线粒体内H2O2生成的动力学, 发现三种稀土离子(La3+, Gd3+, Yb3+)均能降低线粒体H2O2的生成; 用黄嘌呤-黄嘌呤氧化酶体系进一步证明稀土对超氧阴离子(·O-2)存在清除作用, 而对H2O2无清除作用; 测定了稀土对线粒体ROS代谢酶(谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶)的活性影响. 结果表明, 三种稀土离子对线粒体谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性基本没有影响, 而Gd3+和Yb3+稀土离子能明显抑制线粒体超氧化物歧化酶的活性.     

铕对小麦根细胞钙调素及NAD激酶的影响研究

研究了Eu对小麦根细胞内钙调素的含量和活性以及对受钙调素调控的专一性酶NAD激酶的影响。结果表明，Eu^3＋有类似Ca^2＋的作用，影响受Ca^2＋浓度调控的信号系统关键蛋白——钙调素的活性和含量变化。从而引起钙调素调控酶NAD激酶的活性改变，最终影响细胞内生理生化过程。认为稀土离子对生物体的Hormesis效应町能与稀土离子对细胞信号传递系统的影响有关，稀土离子可能通过影响细胞信号系统来调节细胞内的各种生理生化变化，形成稀土元素生物效应的多样性特征。     

利用荧光浓度指示剂fura-2研究稀土离子的跨膜行为

本文提出了利用fura-2测量细胞内游离稀土离子浓度的定量方法。实验结果表明, 在模拟细胞内离子组成的条件下, 稀土离子La^3^+和Y^3^+与fura-2形成1:1的配合物。其配合物的表观离解常数分别为161nmol.dm^-^3和404nmol.dm^-^3,pH7.05, 有未配对f电子的Nd^3^+, Ho^3^+, Sm^3^+, Dy^3^+,Ce^3^+, Yb^3^+等稀土离子对荧光起萃灭作用。此性质使我们能够定性鉴定它们是否进入了细胞。我们使用如上性质, 利用单细胞阳离子测试系统, 以小鼠骨髓瘤细胞为模式细胞, 研究了上游离稀土离子的跨膜行为及部分体内小分子对稀土离子跨膜行为的影响。实验结果支持游离稀土离子不能通过细胞膜的假设, 而且所研究的体内小分子在生理浓度下对稀土离子的跨膜也无明显作用。     

稀土（La^3＋和Nd^3＋）氨基葡萄糖配合物的合成、表征和抗O2^-·活性

用D-氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐（D-Glu.HCl）与LaCl3或NdCl3反应制备了Glu-La（Ⅲ）和Glu-Nd（Ⅲ）配合物。用元素分析、电导率、红外光谱、紫外光谱和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）等分析测试手段对配合物进行表征。研究了Glu及稀土配合物对O2^-·自由基的清除作用。结果表明,Glu与La^3＋、Nd^3＋形成的配合物中Glu氨基上的N原子和仲羟基的O原子参与了配位,同时Cl^-也参与了配位。Glu和稀土氨基葡萄糖配合物对O2^-·均具有明显的清除作用,配合物比Glu对O2^-·具有更强的清除活性。     

外源铕对油莎豆幼苗耐盐性的生理调控作用

以油料作物油莎豆为材料,利用植物生理生化分析手段,研究了水培条件下稀土Eu3+对油莎豆幼苗无机离子K+和Na+的吸收、渗透调节物质合成、抗氧化酶系活性和抗氧化物质含量的影响和可能的耐盐生理调节机理。结果显示:EuCl3处理促进了大量必需元素K+的吸收,提高了K+/Na+比,促进了可溶性糖和脯氨酸的合成,显著提高了油莎豆叶片SOD,CAT,POD以及AsA-GSH循环关键酶APX和GR的活性,提高了抗氧化物质AsA和GSH生成量,减轻了NaCl胁迫下油莎豆叶片膜质过氧化水平。结果表明Eu3+通过对油莎豆生理代谢的调节,缓解了NaCl胁迫对油莎豆幼苗的生理伤害。     

Eu3+对过氧化氢酶生物催化活性的影响1

为了了解稀土微肥使植物增产的化学机理,用紫外-可见(UV-Vis)吸收光谱、同步荧光光谱和电化学方法法研究了Eu3+与过氧化氢酶(CAT)的相互作用。结果表明,由于稀土离子易与O键合,因此,Eu3+主要与CAT肽链上的氨基酸残基中的羰基氧配位,引起肽链构象的变化,而构象的变化又会诱导CAT中的血红素结构的变化。当Eu3+浓度低时,Eu3+与CAT发生相互作用能使血红素的非平面性增加,转而使血红素中活性中心Fe(III)的暴露程度增加,因此,使CAT的电化学活性和对H2O2还原的电催化活性提高。但当Eu3+的浓度高时,Eu3+会使CAT中血红素的非平面性降低,使血红素中活性中心Fe(III)的暴露程度降低,因此,降低了CAT的电化学和生物电催化活性。这说明不同浓度的Eu3+对CAT的生物活性的影响不同,所以选择适当的浓度的Eu3+对植物的生长具有促进作用。     

新型稀土铁系固体超强酸的制备和三醋酸甘油酯的催化合成

用稀土元素La^3 对铁系固体超强酸Fe2O3／S2O8^2-进行改性，制备出新型稀土铁系固体超强酸催化剂Fe2O3／S2O8^2-/La^3 ，并将其用于催化合成三醋酸甘油酯。酯化反应的最佳条件为：甘油100mmol，n(酸)：n(醇)=6：1，催化剂用量为原料总质量的3．3％，反应时间3h，带水剂苯7mL，酯化率达93％以上。     

Photocatalytic activity of SrTiO3 codoped with nitrogen and lanthanum under visible light illumination

Yellow SrTiO3 powders codoped with nitrogen and lanthanum (STO:N,La) were studied as visible light photocatalysts. The crystal phase of STO:N,La exhibited a pure perovskite phase, and O and Sr sites atoms were substitutionally doped with N and La atoms, respectively. The first principle calculation of STO:N,La indicated that the edge of the N(2p) band is situated above the valence band, which consisted of O(2p) orbitals, and the La orbitals did not exist in the band gap of SrTiO3. STO:N,La exhibited a higher oxidation activity of gaseous 2-propanol under vis illumination than SrTiO3 doped only with nitrogen (STO:N). The high activity of STO:N,La was due to the decrease in the oxygen vacancies, which acted as electron-hole recombination centers, because codoping with La3+ and N3- ions maintained the charge balance. The optimum doping density of N and La for visible light activity was 0.5%, and STO:N,La(0.5%) had an activity under UV illumination similar to pure SrTiO3.     

La2O3对CuO/CeO2水煤气变换反应催化剂微观结构及催化性能的影响（英文）

以La2O3为助剂,采用共沉淀法制备了具有良好催化活性和热稳定性的CuO/CeO2-La2O3水煤气变换反应催化剂,其中,当La2O3含量为2wt%时,催化剂的催化性能最为优异.同时运用X射线衍射、N2吸附-脱附、Raman光谱、程序升温还原等手段,研究了不同含量的La2O3对CuO/CeO2催化剂微观结构及催化性能的影响.结果表明,La2O3助剂进入了载体CeO2的晶格并对CuO/CeO2催化剂的微观结构和催化性能产生了直接影响,适量La2O3的添加可以抑制CuO和CeO2晶格的长大、增强CuO与CeO2间的相互作用、提高催化剂的比表面积、促进CeO2载体中生成更多的氧空位,CuO/CeO2催化剂的催化活性和热稳定性也明显改善.     

La1—xMxCoO3（M=Ca,Sr）表面状态的XPS研究

合成了一系列钙钛矿复合氧化物La_(1-x)M_(?)CoO_3(M=Ca,Sr),并用XPS研究了LaCoO_3中的La~(3+)部分被Ca~(2+)或Sr~(2+)取代后表面状态的变化。由XPS的O_(10)谱图拟合得到的吸附氧O(2)百分数与取代量x呈现规律性变化。对Ca_(2p)与Sr_(3d)谱图也进行峰拟合处理,其中结合能较高的Sr(2)、Ca(2)可指认为周围有氧离子缺位物种。Ca(2)或Sr(2)百分数与吸附氧百分数的关系可用取代后表面状态的变化来解释。     

Synthesis and spectroscopic properties of lanthanide nitrate complexes with a new amide-based quinoxaline-2,3-dione ligand

Solid complexes of lanthanide nitrate with 1,4-di(N,N-di-n-butyl-acetamido)-quinoxaline-2,3-dione (L), [Ln(N03)3L.H2O] (Ln=La, Nd, Eu, Gd, Tb, Er), have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-vis spectra and conductivity measurements. The fluorescence property of the europium complex in solid state and in MeCN, acetone, AcOEt and THF was studied. Under the excitation, the europium complex exhibited characteristic emissions of europium. The result indicates that the triplet state energy level of the ligand matches better to the resonance level of Eu(III) than Tb(III) ion.     

Changes in electronic structure upon lithium insertion into the A-site deficient perovskite type oxides (Li,La)TiO3

Investigation on variation of the electronic structure accompanying the electrochemical lithium insertion into the perovskite type oxide, (Li,La)TiO3, has been carried out by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). During the electrochemical lithium insertion, titanium ion reduced its oxidation state from Ti4+ to Ti3+, while La3+ does not contribute to the reduction reaction resulting from Ti K-edge and La L3-edge XAS, respectively. Furthermore, O K-edge XAS showed marked spectral changes with electrochemical lithium insertion, indicating the electronic structure around oxide ion affected by lithium insertion reaction. From the XAS measurement, we have concluded the variation observed in O K-edge XAS was related to the strong interaction with inserted Li ion. To confirm this, first-principles band calculations were performed for the perovskite structure before and after electrochemical lithium insertion. The calculated results showed that the electron originated from inserted Li transferred to neighboring oxide ion locally as well as to Ti ion. This may be due to local neutralization effect of Li to reduce the electrostatic interaction in the crystal.     

Preparation and surface effect analysis of trivalent europium-doped nanocrystalline La2O2S

La2O2S:Eu3+ nanocrystals (NCs) with a mean size of 18 nm are prepared by gel thermolysis. The morphology of the particles is hexagonal. The surface Eu3+ ions are first detected by time-resolved spectra in the 5D0 --> 7F1 region. Because the symmetry of the sites occupied by surface Eu3+ ions is lower, the 5D0 --> 7F1(E) line, which is doubly degenerate in the bulk crystal, is split, and the fluorescence lifetime becomes shorter. The results of the laser-selective excitation indicate that the degradation of the site symmetry of Eu3+ seems to be abrupt, which means the as-synthesized La2O2S:Eu3+ NCs might be of the La2O2S/La2O(2-x)S(1+x)core-shell structure and the shell are not in a disordered state but a rather pure one.     

La3+离子对叶绿体CF1-ATPase活力影响研究

为进一步弄清La3+离子对光合磷酸化及Hill反应影响作用机制,采用分光光度法,控制反应液中La3+离子浓度在0～20μmol.L-1范围,对纯化的游离态CF1-ATPase水解ATP活性测定结果表明:La3+离子对CF1-ATPase具有明显的促进作用。而且随La3+离子浓度增大,CF1-ATPase活性动力学曲线明显呈现"S"型。但当La3+离子浓度大于25μmol.L-1之后,La3+离子对游离态CF1-ATPase则表现出一定的抑制作用。而La3+离子浓度在0～30μmol.L-1范围内,受La3+离子作用类囊体膜CF1-ATPase活性动力学曲线则呈现双"S"形曲线。热稳定性实验结果表明:La3+离子可以降低CF1-ATPase活化能,提高CF1-ATPase的热稳定性。La3+离子对CF1-ATPase活性的影响可能与CF1-ATPase分子上别构位点有关,这也可能是La3+离子促进叶绿体Hill反应的关键部位。     

Coordination chemistry of trivalent lanthanide and actinide ions in dilute and concentrated chloride solutions

We have used EXAFS spectroscopy to investigate the inner sphere coordination of trivalent lanthanide (Ln) and actinide (An) ions in aqueous solutions as a function of increasing chloride concentration. At low chloride concentration, the hydration numbers and corresponding Ln,An-O bond lengths are as follows: La3+, N = 9.2, R = 2.54 A; Ce3+, N = 9.3, R = 2.52 A; Nd3+, N = 9.5, R = 2.49 A; Eu3+, N = 9.3, R = 2.43 A; Yb3+, N = 8.7, R = 2.32 A; Y3+, N = 9.7, R = 2.36 A; Am3+, N = 10.3, R = 2.48 A; Cm3+, N = 10.2, R = 2.45 A. In ca. 14 M LiCl, the early Ln3+ ions (La, Ce, Nd, and Eu) show inner sphere Cl- complexation along with a loss of H2O. The average chloride coordination numbers and Ln-Cl bond lengths are as follows: La3+, N = 2.1, R = 2.92 A; Ce3+, N = 1.8, R = 2.89 A; Nd3+, N = 1.9, R = 2.85 A; Eu3+, N = 1.1, R = 2.81 A. The extent of Cl- ion complexation decreases going across the Ln3+ series to the point where Yb3+ shows no Cl- complexation and no loss of coordinated water molecules. The actinide ions, Am3+ and Cm3+, show the same structural effects as the early Ln3+ ions, i.e., Cl- ion replacement of the H2O at high chloride thermodynamic activities. The Clion coordination numbers and An-Cl bond lengths are: Am3+, N = 1.8, R = 2.81 A; Cm3+, N = 2.4, R = 2.76 A. When combined with results reported previously for Pu3+ which showed no significant chloride complexation in 12 M LiCl, these results suggest that the extent of chloride complexation is increasing across the An3+ series. The origin of the differences in chloride complex formation between the Ln3+ and An3+ ions and the relevance to earlier work is discussed.     

Ni2+在γ-Al2O3上的分散状态及负载型Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂的α-蒎烯加氢活性

用X-射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见漫散射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)、程序升温还原(TPR)、CO化学吸附和微反测试等方法研究了Ni²⁺在γ-Al₂O₃上的分散状态和负载型Ni/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂的α-蒎烯加氢催化活性。结果表明，当Ni²⁺负载量远低于其在γ-Al₂O₃载体表面分散容量时，Ni²⁺优先嵌入载体表面四面体空位，随着Ni²⁺负载量的增加，嵌入载体表面八面体空位Ni²⁺的比例增大。由于八面体Ni²⁺易被还原为金属态Ni⁰，NiO/γ-Al₂O₃样品的还原度随Ni²⁺负载量的增加而大幅度地增加，经氢还原所得Ni/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂的CO吸附量和α-蒎烯加氢催化活性大幅度增加。对La₂O₃助剂的作用进行了研究，结果表明分散在γ-Al₂O₃上的La³⁺物种可阻止Ni²⁺嵌入γ-Al₂O₃表面四面体空位，增大了八面体Ni²⁺物种所占比例，提高了催化剂的还原度，故Ni-La₂O₃/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂催化活性高于Ni/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂。     

Synthesis,Properties and Crystal Structure of A New 12-Molybdogermanic Salt of Lanthanum Coordinated to N -Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone

A new compound [La(NMP) 4 (H 2 O) 4 ][HGeMo 12 O 40 ]·2NMP·3H 2 O (NMP = N -methyl-2-pyrrolidone), 1 , was synthesized and characterized. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P 2 1 / c with a = 17.3428(4), b = 18.3258(5), c = 23.0387(7) Å, g = 107.088(1)°, V = 6998.9(3) Å 3 and Z = 4. The structure was characterized crystallographically with final R 1 = 0.0589, wR 2 = 0.1596. The crystal structure contains [GeMo 12 O 40 ] 4 m anions combining with [La(NMP) 4 (H 2 O) 4 ] 3+ cations through hydrogen bonds. The La 3+ ion exhibits eight-coordination with four water molecules and four carbonyl oxygen atoms of the organic ligands. Hydrogen bonds are formed between [GeMo 12 O 40 ] 4 m anions and coordinated water molecules, coordinating to water molecules. The anti-tumor activity of 1 was estimated against Hela and P c -3m cancer cells.