水热法合成单分散ZnS微球

以醋酸锌、硫代乙酰胺为原料, P123表面活性剂为模板, 采用水热法, 成功合成ZnS微球, 并提出其可能的形成机理. 通过XRD, TEM, FT-IR, N₂吸附-脱附表征, 发现该微球由ZnS纳米颗粒组成, ZnS纳米颗粒尺寸为6～7 nm; 微球直径500～600 nm, 具有单分散性, 表面光滑, 大小均匀; 在4000～400 cm^－1波段具有热红外透过性等特点, 有望在光、电、磁等领域发挥其潜在的应用价值.     

单分散ZnS纳米球与纳米梭之间的形貌转换及光学性能研究

利用平平加作为表面活性剂, 正戊醇作为助表面活性剂, 环己烷作为油相, 以硫化钠(Na₂S)和醋酸锌(Zn(Ac)₂)作为反应物, 通过控制反应条件在反相胶束体系中合成出单分散的ZnS纳米球与纳米梭. 采用XRD和TEM对产物的结构和形貌进行表征, 结果表明产物均为六方相ZnS, 晶胞参数为a＝0.3823 nm, c＝56.2 nm, 纳米球直径约为50 nm, 纳米梭直径约为60 nm, 长度约为110 nm. 采用UV-Vis(紫外可见吸收光谱)和PL(荧光光谱)研究了产物的光学性能. 纳米球的紫外可见光谱的吸收峰出现在288 nm处, 而纳米梭在305 nm处有强吸收峰, 与块体材料相比, 分别有约60和50 nm的蓝移. 当激发波长为270 nm时, 纳米球和纳米梭产物分别能够发出波长为408和303 nm的紫外光.     

ZnS纳米球的水热法制备及其光催化性能研究

在表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)的辅助下,以乙酸锌为锌源,硫脲(NH₂)₂CS为硫源,使用水热法通过改变反应时间,成功制备了不同粒径的ZnS球状颗粒.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线能谱,高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM))、紫外可见分光光谱和光致发光谱(PL)等测试手段对样品的晶体结构、形貌、光学性质进行了分析.通过对不同粒径的ZnS纳米颗粒对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解的催化活性进行了评估.实验结果表明:在表面活性剂CTAB的作用下,随着反应时间的增加,生成的ZnS晶核生长成纳米颗粒,然后ZnS纳米颗粒将进一步发生团聚从而形成平均粒径超过500nm的ZnS纳米球,但制备的ZnS产物的晶体结构均为立方纤锌矿结构.随着ZnS粒径的增加,样品的紫外吸收峰从418nm逐渐蓝移到362nm,而PL发射峰位的峰强随着粒径的增大而增强.光催化结果显示,反应12h制备的ZnS纳米球的光催化性能最佳.     

γ-Al2O3柔性纳米纤维膜的制备及机械性能

以氯化铝和异丙醇铝为原料, 水和乙醇为溶剂, 通过溶胶凝胶结合静电纺丝法制备了柔性γ-Al₂O₃纳米纤维膜. 表征了纤维膜的形貌和机械性质, 并研究了纤维膜的形成过程. 组成纤维膜的纤维直径均匀, 平均直径188 nm, 纤维由粒径在15~30 nm的纳米颗粒组成且表面光滑. 制备的纤维膜具有较好的柔性及抗拉强度(1.01 MPa).     

蛋膜仿生制备纳米硫化锌

以鸡蛋膜作为生物载体,利用蛋膜上周期性分布的大分子与无机前驱体离子之间的螫合作用和电荷作用,引导和控制无机微晶在蛋膜载体上的形成、聚集和分布,成功制备了分散度好、形貌规整的平均粒径为95nm的ZnS纳米团簇.     

ZnS纳米球的水热法制备及其光催化性能研究

在表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)的辅助下,以乙酸锌为锌源,硫脲(NH2)2CS为硫源,使用水热法通过改变反应时间,成功制备了不同粒径的ZnS球状颗粒。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线能谱,高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM))、紫外可见分光光谱和光致发光谱(PL)等测试手段对样品的晶体结构、形貌、光学性质进行了分析。通过对不同粒径的ZnS纳米颗粒对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解的催化活性进行了评估。实验结果表明:在表面活性剂CTAB的作用下,随着反应时间的增加,生成的ZnS晶核生长成纳米颗粒,然后ZnS纳米颗粒将进一步发生团聚从而形成平均粒径超过500nm的ZnS纳米球,但制备的ZnS产物的晶体结构均为立方纤锌矿结构。随着ZnS粒径的增加,样品的紫外吸收峰从418nm逐渐蓝移到362nm,而PL发射峰位的峰强随着粒径的增大而增强。光催化结果显示,反应12h制备的ZnS纳米球的光催化性能最佳。     

反胶束体系制备负载型TiO2纳米光催化剂

在AOT/异辛烷反胶束体系中制备了粒径为2～5nm的单分散球形TiO₂纳米粒子,用TEM,DSC和XRD等手段对其进行了分析;用浸渍法以小孔分子筛HZSM-5为载体制备了负载型TiO₂纳米粒子,用FTIR,Langmuir及BET等手段进行了表征;用以上2种TiO₂粒子作光催化剂进行了简单模拟废水处理研究,用UV-Vis光谱分析其催化效果表明,负载型TiO₂纳米粒子比纯TiO₂纳米粒子的光催化活性更高.     

微波辅助合成发光可调ZnS∶Cu纳米晶

以巯基丙酸(MPA)为稳定剂, 利用微波辐射加热方法制备了水溶性的Cu掺杂的ZnS纳米晶. 通过改变微波条件, 可以在460～572 nm之间实现对ZnS∶Cu纳米晶发射峰位的连续调控. 通过XRD、 UV-Vis、荧光及荧光衰减对ZnS∶Cu纳米晶的结构和发光性质进行了详细探索, 并利用时间分辨荧光光谱对其发光机理进行了初步研究.     

基于聚合物中空微球构建膜内纳米空腔及其对气体渗透性能的影响

分别以四氢呋喃丙烯酸酯和双季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯为油相反应单体和交联剂,利用界面引发剂在无表面活性剂微乳液油水界面处引发聚合,制备了中空微球,浇铸形成具有纳米空腔的中空微球膜.考察了膜内纳米空腔对分离膜气体渗透性和分离性的影响.结果表明,制备的中空微球平均粒径为116. 7 nm,中空结构明显,壳层厚度为10～20 nm;中空微球膜的渗透分离性能较壳层材料的本征值有显著提升,在35℃,0. 2 MPa条件下,CO_2的渗透系数增大1. 4～5. 7倍,且分离系数也有所提升.     

葡聚糖分子量和接枝度对阿霉素/白蛋白-葡聚糖纳米粒子体外抗肿瘤效果的影响

以Maillard反应制备的牛血清白蛋白-葡聚糖共价接枝物作为载体, 通过调节混合溶液的pH值和温度制备负载阿霉素的白蛋白-葡聚糖纳米粒子. 利用分子量为5×10³, 10×10³和62×10³的葡聚糖制备了多种共价接枝物, 研究了共价接枝物分子量对载药纳米粒子的粒径和稳定性及载药量的影响. 用短链葡聚糖(分子量5×10³和10×10³)制备的纳米粒子粒径为60 nm左右, 用长链葡聚糖(分子量62×10³)制备的纳米粒子粒径约为200 nm; 阿霉素的包埋效率为81%~98%, 包埋量为7.4%~16.9%. 细胞实验结果表明, 共价接枝物具有很好的生物相容性; 与自由阿霉素相比, 纳米粒子可以促进阿霉素进入人口腔上皮癌细胞; 受缓释性质的影响, 纳米粒子在低浓度时的细胞毒性要小于自由阿霉素. 与长链葡聚糖纳米粒子相比, 接枝度高的短链葡聚糖纳米粒子由于具有较小的粒径、 密集的葡聚糖分子刷表面、 一定的自由阿霉素浓度和较快的阿霉素释放速率, 因而更容易进入细胞并具有更好的体外抗肿瘤活性.     

Molten-salt Synthesis and Properties of ZnS with Hexagonal Prism Morphology

ZnS with hexagonal prism morphology has been synthesized successfully by molten-salt method with ZnS nanoparticles as precursors, and the ZnS nanoparticles were prepared by one-step solid-state reaction of Zn（CH3COO）2·2H2O with Na2S·9H2O at ambient temperature. Crystal structure and morphology of the product were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and HRTEM. Ultraviolet-visible optical absorption spectrum of the ZnS hexagonal prism shows a distinct red shift from that of bulk ZnS crystals and photoluminescence spectrum exhibits strong emissions at 380 and 500 nm, respectively. Further experiments were designed and the formation mechanism of the ZnS hexagonal prism has been also discussed in brief.     

Interaction behavior study of HCl on (ZnS)n (n = 1–12) clusters and HCl effect on Hg0 adsorption

The interaction behavior of HCl and (ZnS)_n (n = 1–12) clusters and HCl effect on Hg⁰ adsorbed by (ZnS)_n have been studied theoretically. The combined genetic algorithm and density functional theory (GA-DFT) method has been used to obtain the structures of (ZnS)_nHCl and (ZnS)_nHgHCl (n = 1–12) clusters. The structural properties of (ZnS)_nHCl and (ZnS)_nHgHCl have been analyzed. The adsorption energies and interaction energies have been calculated. Bond length and bond order analysis has revealed that S H and Zn Cl bonds form after HCl adsorbed on (ZnS)_n clusters, while Hg⁰ can only weakly bind with (ZnS)_nHCl clusters. According to thermodynamic adsorption analysis, the formation of (ZnS)_nHCl clusters from (ZnS)_n and HCl are spontaneous because of their negative Gibbs free energy changes. The formation of (ZnS)_nHgHCl from (ZnS)_nHCl and Hg are nonspontaneous for n = 1–4 and 9, and the Gibbs free energy changes have small negative values for other sizes. Electron localization function and noncovalent interaction (NCI) analysis of (ZnS)₁₀HgHCl manifest that Hg and its nearest Zn form zinc amalgam. Projected density of state study has been performed to obtain the interaction nature of HCl and (ZnS)_n clusters and Hg⁰ adsorption on (ZnS)_nHCl clusters. Based on our study, HCl is chemical adsorbed by (ZnS)_n clusters except (ZnS)₄ cluster. After (ZnS)_n adsorbs HCl, Hg⁰ can physically adsorb on (ZnS)_nHCl clusters. The strength of Hg⁰ on (ZnS)_nHCl is comparable to that of Hg⁰ on (ZnS)_n, indicating that HCl can hardly affect the adsorption of Hg⁰ on ZnS clusters.     

油溶性CuInS2/ZnS量子点的制备及其温敏性聚丙烯酰胺胶束介导的水相转移

采用非热注法成功制备了高质量的油溶性CuInS₂/ZnS核壳量子点, 量子点的荧光发射峰在可见光到近红外范围内可调(550~800 nm), 且荧光量子产率最高达80%。本文进一步利用具有温敏特性的聚丙烯酰胺胶束作相转移剂, 成功地将油溶性的CuInS₂/ZnS核壳量子点转移入水相。水相中自组装形成的CuInS₂/ZnS量子点-胶束复合物不仅具有良好的荧光性质, 而且胶束原有的灵敏的热响应性被保留。这些研究初步表明, 无镉的低毒的CuInS₂/ZnS量子点可作为纳米胶束的荧光示踪探针。     

Synthesis of ZnS hollow nanospheres with holes using different amine templates

ZnS hollow nanospheres with holes were prepared by reacting ZnSO₄ with H₂S, the sulfide source formed in the reaction of CS₂ with ethylenediamine, 1,3-propylenediamine, butylamine or 2-(2-aminoethylamino) ethanol, which also acted as a template agent, at 50°C under agitation. The shape, particle size of about 100–850 nm and hole size of about 150–600 nm of ZnS hollow nanospheres with holes were shown by SEM and TEM images. These ZnS nanospheres with β cubic ZnS phase and composed of 2–5 nm nanocrystals were characterized by XRD and HRTEM. The blue shift of maximum absorption in UV-vis displayed the effect of quantum size. The two amino groups of amine templates reacted favorably with Zn²⁺ to form uniform and relatively smooth ZnS nanospheres with holes, while hydroxyethyl played a disadvantageous role. A reasonable mechanism of hole formation by H₂S rushing out is suggested. __________ Translated from Journal of Jinan University (Natural Science), 2007, 28(1): 92–95 [译自: 暨南大学学报(自然科学版)]     

Interaction potential models for bulk Zns,Zns nanoparticle,and Zns nanoparticle‐PMMA from first‐principles

An ab initio derived transferable polarizable force‐field has been developed for Zinc sulphide (ZnS) nanoparticle (NP) and ZnS NP‐PMMA nanocomposite. The structure and elastic constants of bulk ZnS using the new force‐field are within a few percent of experimental observables. The new force‐field show remarkable ability to reproduce structures and nucleation energies of nanoclusters (Zn₁S₁‐Zn₁₂S₁₂) as validated with that of the density functional theory calculations. A qualitative agreement of the radial distribution functions of Zn? O, in a ZnS nanocluster‐PMMA system, obtained using molecular mechanics molecular dynamics (MD) and ab initio MD (AIMD) simulations indicates that the ZnS–PMMA interaction through Zn? O bonding is explained satisfactorily by our force‐field. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

硫化锌纳米空心球：合成及光学性质研究

Cubic ZnS hollow nanospheres have been prepared by a simple and template-free solvothermal method. The reaction was accomplished between Zn powder and the in-situ prepared S8. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) show that the ZnS hollow spheres are composed of ultrafine nanoparticles. The average diameters of the hollow nanospheres are about 100 nm. Their photoluminescence (PL) spectra indicate that they have excellent optical properties.     

Studies on ZnS Nanoparticles Prepared in Aqueous Sodium Dodecylsulphate (SDS) Micellar Medium

ZnS, a large band gap material, is useful in electro-luminescence and optoelectronic devices. We herein report a method for preparation of nanosized ZnS particles in micellar medium of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylsulphate. The optical properties of the prepared ZnS nanoparticles have been studied by absorption and fluorescence methods. Electron microscopic characterization has evidenced triangular particles, an uncommon observation in the synthesis of nanomaterials. PVC membrane containing nano ZnS dispersions has been prepared and its response as Zn²⁺ ion-selective membrane has been reported.__________From Kolloidnyi Zhurnal, Vol. 67, No. 4, 2005, pp. 494–499.Original English Text Copyright © 2005 by Debolina Mitra, Indranil Chakraborty, Satya P. Moulik.The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

Synthesis and photoluminescence of ZnS macrolattice

ZnS macrolattice has been synthesized by an ultrasonication-assisted method. It is a face-centred cubic stucture with a lattice constant of about 5.4 nm. Each basis in one unit cell composes of about 1,400 atoms. The d-spacing of the macrolattice is about 10 times to that of ordinary sphalerite crystalline. The new structure can be confirmed by small angle X-ray diffraction, high-resolve TEM and selected area electron diffraction. The emission spectrum of the ZnS macrolattice consists of two main peaks at about 333 and 349 nm, respectively under 236 nm excitation. However, it consists of only one main peak at about 438 nm under 370 nm excitation and only one main peak at about 530 nm under 473 nm excitation. The near band transition about 349 nm demonstrates that the valence band composed of P-type function on the S atom splits to two bands. The conduct band has also split because of many peaks in the excitation spectra. In addition, some defect energy levels must appear in the band gap because blue and green emissions are observed.     

Stability and optical properties of dispersions of CdS,ZnS, and Ag<Subscript>2</Subscript>S nanoparticles synthesized in microemulsion

CdS, ZnS, and Ag₂S nanoparticles have been synthesized in microemulsion. The synthesis of nanoparticles depend on the composition of the reaction medium and on the proportions of the precursors. The phase diagram for sedimentation stable dispersion of the nanoparticles synthesized in microemulsion has been determined. The region of the stable nanoparticle dispersion is much smaller than the region of the inverse microemulsion in the n-heptane-AOT-H₂O system. The UV-vis absorption and photoluminescence spectra of the CdS, ZnS, and Ag₂S nanoparticles have been investigated. The size of the nanoparticles increases with an increase in droplet size in the microemulsion, and this shifts the exciton peaks.