固相表面荧光光谱法在药物分析中的应用

本文综述了近十年来固相表面荧光光谱法、固相萃取-固相表面荧光联用技术以及流动注射分析、顺序注射分析和可更新表面技术与固相表面荧光联用技术在药物分析中的应用.展望了固相表面荧光光谱法在药物分析中的发展趋势和前景.     

混合模式固相萃取吸附剂的制备与应用

吸附剂是固相萃取技术的核心。近年来混合模式固相萃取吸附剂以其独特的选择性成为一个研究热点,被广泛应用于环境监测、食品分析、药物分析等领域。本文主要阐述了混合模式固相萃取吸附剂的优势、制备及其应用,并展望了其发展方向及应用前景。     

固相微萃取技术及其在炸药检测中的应用

评述了固相微萃取技术的工作原理、操作模式、影响因素,介绍了固相微萃取技术在炸药分析如炸药蒸气分析和炸药残留分析中的应用情况,展望了这一技术的应用前景.     

活体固相微萃取技术在动植物体内污染物分析中的应用

固相微萃取作为一种简便、快速、绿色的采样和样品前处理技术,近年来引起了广泛关注。在活体分析领域,基于相关萃取动力学理论的发展和新型活体采样探针的研制,固相微萃取技术逐步用于不同动植物体系中多种污染物的分析。本文概述了固相微萃取活体定量校正方法的开发、活体采样动力学过程的研究、新型活体采样探针的制备,以及活体固相微萃取方法在动植物组织中污染物快速检测及污染物富集和消除过程跟踪研究中的应用。此外,本文也对活体固相微萃取技术今后的发展方向和应用前景进行了展望。     

样品中分子印迹固相萃取技术的最新应用进展

现代样品体系一般复杂,采用一般的分析方法对其分离富集难度较大。分子印迹聚合物的高选择性使其在复杂体系样品的净化富集中具有很强的应用潜力,本文对分子印迹聚合物作为固相萃取剂及其在色谱样品前处理方面的应用进行了综述和展望,主要包括分子印迹中空纤维萃取、分子印迹固相萃取柱萃取、分子印迹整体柱萃取、分子印迹膜萃取、搅拌棒吸附萃取、磁性材料萃取等技术,同时总结了分子印迹固相萃取技术在食品分析、环境分析以及药物与生物分析等方面的应用进展。     

近年国内固相萃取-色谱分析的进展

对近两年国内各个领域的学者在使用固相萃取做样品前处理的色谱分析方面的研究和应用作了综述, 这一综述包括10个部分: 1. 国内近两年有关固相萃取的综述报告;2. 固相萃取-色谱分析在水质分析中的应用;3. 固相萃取-色谱分析在奶制品和肉类食品分析中的应用;4. 固相萃取-色谱用于蔬菜和水果中有害物质分析的应用;5. 固相萃取-色谱用于粮食和其他食品中有害物质分析的应用;6. 固相萃取-色谱在血药浓度、体液及组织中有害物质分析中的应用;7. 固相萃取-色谱在药物分析中的应用;8. 固相萃取-色谱在其他使用色谱分析中的应用;9. 基质固相分散在色谱分析中的应用;10. 分子印迹SPE在样品前处理中的应用.     

兽药残留分析中样品前处理技术研究进展

样品前处理是兽药残留分析中的关键步骤,直接影响检测的结果.近年来,出现了一些新的样品前处理技术,如固相萃取、基质固相分散萃取、固相微萃取、搅拌棒吸附萃取、膜萃取、液相微萃取、超临界流体萃取、加速溶剂萃取、分子印迹、微波辅助萃取.这些技术能够有效地减少分析过程中由样品前处理过程带来的误差,具有前处理快速、简便的优点,同时可与分析仪器联用,实现分析的自动化.本文对这些新技术的基本原理、特点及在兽药残留分析中的应用进行了综述,并对样品前处理的前景进行了展望.     

固相萃取技术在食品痕量残留和污染分析中的应用

食品痕量残留和污染分析中,样品的前处理极为重要,也是其难点所在。由于食品和农产品样品的多样性和复杂性,目前还没有一种前处理技术能够适合所有情况下的所有样品。本文对近年来发展起来的新型固相萃取技术如固相微萃取、搅拌棒吸附萃取、基质固相分散萃取、分子印迹固相萃取、免疫亲和固相萃取、整体柱固相萃取、碳纳米管固相萃取等在食品痕量残留和污染分析中的应用进行了综述,对未来的发展前景作了展望。     

分子印迹固相萃取技术在动物源食品中药物残留检测应用进展

以分子印迹材料作为特效吸附剂的分子印迹固相萃取技术具有从复杂样品中选择性吸附目标分子及其结构类似物的能力,较好地克服了由于样品复杂所带来的内源性干扰问题,因此非常适用于复杂样品的预处理与富集。本文介绍了分子印迹固相萃取技术的原理、最新进展以及相关萃取参数的优化过程,对近几年国内外分子印迹固相萃取技术在动物源食品中药物残留检测方面的应用进行了总结;阐明了分子印迹固相萃取技术在实际应用中存在的不足,并对其未来的发展进行了展望。     

样品前处理-色谱在线分析农药残留的研究进展

农药残留分析的样品来源多样、基体复杂,而传统的离线样品前处理中,萃取、转移、净化、浓缩等步骤分步进行,繁琐费时、样品损失较大、精密度和重现性差,因此,发展样品前处理-色谱在线分析技术可望解决这些问题。本文综述了近年来固相萃取、固相微萃取、基质固相分散萃取、膜萃取、微波辅助萃取、加速溶剂萃取和超临界萃取等样品前处理-色谱在线分析农药残留的研究进展,并展望了其应用前景和发展方向。引用文献54篇。     

Recent advances and applications of molecularly imprinted polymers in solid‐phase extraction for real sample analysis

Sample pretreatment is essential for the analysis of complicated real samples due to their complex matrices and low analyte concentrations. Among all sample pretreatment methods, solid‐phase extraction is arguably the most frequently used one. However, the majority of available solid‐phase extraction adsorbents suffer from limited selectivity. Molecularly imprinted polymers are a type of tailor‐made artificial antibodies and receptors with specific recognition sites for target molecules. Using molecularly imprinted polymers instead of conventional adsorbents can greatly improve the selectivity of solid‐phase extraction, and therefore molecularly imprinted polymer‐based solid‐phase extraction has been widely applied to separation, clean up and/or preconcentration of target analytes in various kinds of real samples. In this article, after a brief introduction, the recent developments and applications of molecularly imprinted polymer‐based solid‐phase extraction for determination of different analytes in complicated real samples during the 2015‐2020 are reviewed systematically, including the solid‐phase extraction modes, molecularly imprinted adsorbent types and their preparations, and the practical applications of solid‐phase extraction to various real samples (environmental, food, biological, and pharmaceutical samples). Finally, the challenges and opportunities of using molecularly imprinted polymer‐based solid‐phase extraction for real sample analysis are discussed.     

Application of solid‐phase microextraction in current biomedical research

Extraction of endogenous compounds and drugs and their corresponding metabolites from complex matrices, such as biofluids and solid tissues, requires adequate analytical approach facilitating qualitative and quantitative analysis. To this end, solid‐phase microextraction has been introduced as modern technology that is capable of efficient and high‐throughput extraction of compounds due to its ability to amalgamate sampling, extraction, and pre‐concentration steps, while requiring minimal use of organic solvents. The ability of solid‐phase microextraction to enable analyses on small‐volume biological samples and growing availability of biocompatible solid‐phase microextraction coatings make it a highly useful technology for variety of applications. For example, solid‐phase microextraction is particularly useful for identifying biomarkers in metabolomics studies, and it can be successfully applied in pharmaceutical and toxicological studies requiring the fast and sensitive determination of drug levels, especially those that are present at low levels in biological matrices such as plasma, urine, saliva, and hair. Moreover, solid‐phase microextraction can be directly applied in in vivo studies because this extraction technique is non‐exhaustive and its biocompatible probes offer minimal invasiveness to the analyzed system. In this article, we review recent progress in well‐established solid‐phase microextraction technique for in vitro and in vivo analyses of various metabolites and drugs in clinical, pharmaceutical, and toxicological applications.     

Applications of solid‐phase micro‐extraction with mass spectrometry in pesticide analysis

Pesticides, widely applied in agriculture, can produce a variety of transformation products and their continuous use causes deleterious effects to ecosystem. Efficient and sensitive analytical techniques for enrichment and analysis of pesticides samples are highly required. Compared with other extraction methods, solid‐phase micro extraction is a solvent free, cost effective, robust, versatile, and high throughput sample preparation technique, especially for the analysis of pesticides from complicated matrices. Coupling of solid‐phase micro extraction with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry has been extensively applied in pesticide analysis. On the other hand, in recent years, combination of fast separation using solid‐phase micro extraction and rapid detection using ambient mass spectrometry is providing highly efficient pesticide screening. This article summarizes the applications of solid‐phase micro extraction coupled to mass spectrometry for pesticides analysis.     

Recent applications of metal–organic frameworks in sample pretreatment

Metal–organic frameworks are promising materials in diverse analytical applications especially in sample pretreatment by virtue of their diverse structure topology, tunable pore size, permanent nanoscale porosity, high surface area, and good thermostability. According to hydrostability, metal–organic frameworks are divided into moisture‐sensitive and water‐stable types. In the actual applications, both kinds of metal–organic frameworks are usually engineered into hybrid composites containing magnetite, silicon dioxide, graphene, or directly carbonized to metal–organic frameworks derived carbon. These metal–organic frameworks based materials show good extraction performance to environmental pollutants. This review provides a critical overview of the applications of metal–organic frameworks and their composites in sample pretreatment modes, that is, solid‐phase extraction, magnetic solid‐phase extraction, micro‐solid‐phase extraction, solid‐phase microextraction, and stir bar solid extraction.     

食品中角鲨烯样品前处理与检测方法研究进展

角鲨烯是一种存在于动物、植物、微生物体内的小分子功能活性脂质,由于具有抗氧化、防癌抗癌、抗辐射、携氧、皮肤保湿和抑制微生物生长等多种生物活性功能,被广泛应用于功能食品、医药产品和化妆品的开发。因此,不同食品中角鲨烯含量的分析技术一直是国内外学者研究的热点与重点。该文综述了不同食品中角鲨烯的样品前处理方法,包括超临界二氧化碳萃取法、固相萃取法、固相微萃取法、皂化法、有机溶剂提取法和分步结晶法等以及气相色谱法、液相色谱法和气相色谱-质谱联用法等检测方法在角鲨烯分析中的应用,并对其发展趋势进行了展望,为食品中角鲨烯的分析提供参考与借鉴。     

Molecularly imprinted polymer as a solid phase extractor in flow analysis

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are novel alternative materials for solid phase extraction. Applications in flow analysis are recent and enhanced in-line separation/concentration procedures have been proposed. Use of flow systems is very important in the context. The aim of this review is then to highlight the implementation of MIP as solid phase extractor in flow analysis, emphasizing potentialities, limitations and applications.     

核酸适配体在固相萃取技术中的研究进展

核酸适配体是一种经由体外指数级富集系统进化技术筛选得到的随机寡核苷酸片段,该寡核苷酸片段能特异性结合靶物质。核酸适配体与固相萃取技术相结合,可以高选择性地应用于复杂样品中痕量组分的萃取、分离、富集和纯化,由此引起了广泛关注。该文综述了基于核酸适配体的固相萃取研究进展,着重评述了核酸适配体固相萃取柱的制备、固相萃取过程、面临的问题和应用前景。     

Chitosan-based adsorbents for analytical sample preparation and removal of pollutants from aqueous media: Progress,challenges and outlook

The development of greener and more efficient materials for extracting environmental contaminants from various matrices is a growing area of research. Materials that do not cause secondary pollution are highly desirable in such applications. Chitosan (CS) is a non-toxic biopolymer enriched with amino and hydroxyl groups, used not only for extracting pollutants but also for crosslinking and functionalizing CS with other materials. The composites of CS with carbon, metal-organic frameworks, metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, and magnetic materials have been used to extract various inorganic and organic analytes in aqueous samples. CS-based sorbents have been evaluated across multiple extraction techniques, such as dispersive solid phase extraction, magnetic solid phase extraction, solid phase microextraction, syringe solid phase extraction, membrane-protected solid phase extraction, and others. This review offers an overview of the CS-based sorbents in analytical extractions, highlighting their strengths, weaknesses, and potential solutions. At the end, a brief overview of the CS-based adsorbents in water treatment applications is also provided.     

Disposable pipette tips extraction: Fundamentals,applications and state of the art

Disposable pipette tips extraction consists of a solid‐phase extraction in which the sorbent is poorly dispersed in a pipette tip, which allows a quick and dynamic contact between the aspirated analyte from the sample and the solid phase. It is a technique used particularly in food and forensic analysis, since it requires a small amount of sample and solvent. This article highlights the principles, advantages and disadvantages of the disposable pipette tips extraction method and reviews recent applications.