硫脲法快速测定铜氨液中总氨

铜氨液中总氨的测定方法有蒸馏法、离子交换法和EDTA法。EDTA法虽较快速,但必须同时测定总铜和醋酸量才能求得总氨量,而且溶液带颜色,滴定终点不很明显。我们以硫脲络合铜离子后,用酸硷滴定法滴定总氨量。本法可以消除铜氨液中共存的醋酸铵的影响,且溶液无色,滴定终点较明显。适用于生产控制分析,全部分析过程仅需时3分钟。本法测定结果和EDTA法所得结果相符合。     

三点滴定法研究

本文就三点滴定法的原理、方法和应用进行了讨论。导出三点滴定法计算公式,讨论了滴定剂加入量与三点法测定结果准确度、精密度的关系。用本法对标准溶液、标样和样品进行了多次测定,结果相对误差和相对标准偏差为０．２％。本法是一种简便、快速、准确的滴定分析方法,它适用于各种滴定类型。     

恒速滴定-固定ΔpH法直接测定α-萘乙酸钾的研究

用微量滴定管控制恒速滴定,用记录仪描绘滴定曲线,在固定的pH值区间测量有关信号,用盐酸溶液直接滴定α-萘乙酸钾.本法不需要准确知道滴定剂所消耗的物质的量,数分钟即可绘出一条滴定曲线,加标回收率为98.8％～101.4％,相对标准偏差为1.6％(n=11),适用于工业品及试剂α-萘乙酸钾的常规分析。     

含镍铜合金中镍的快速分析

铜基合金中高含量镍的分析 ,一般采用电解分离铜基 [1] ,然后 EDTA滴定镍。此方法工作量大 ,分析周期长。文献 [2 ]介绍一种快速测铜基中镍的方法 ,该方法加掩蔽剂消除铜的干扰 ,也是用 EDTA测定镍。目前原子吸收法测定合金及金属中的镍[3 ,4 ]已见报道。作者为了减少加入物带入的杂质 ,缩短分析周期 ,拟定了用硝酸分解样品 ,以铜作标准曲线的底液 ,火焰原子吸收法直接测定样品中镍。本法快速、方便 ,结果准确 ,样品的相对标准偏差为 0 .8% ,标准曲线的相关系数 r=0 .9997。1　试验部分1 .1　仪器与试剂Pye- Unican90 0 0型原子吸收分光…     

一种自动微量滴定新方法

本文依据传统滴定分析原理，利用流动注射装置提出一种新的自动微量滴定方法，它不仅具有流动注射滴定分析法简便快速，试剂和试样消耗少，仪器装置简单等优点，而且测定信号怀被测组分的浓度直接成线性关系，结果的准确度和精度优于一般流动注射滴定方法。通过用盐酸滴定氢氧化钠进行验证，相关系数为０．９９９９，相对标准偏差（ＲＳＤ）为０．４％。     

自动电位滴定法连续测定水中卤素离子

目前化验室滴定分析普遍采用指示剂滴定法检测水中卤素离子。由于指示剂受到人眼辨色能力、有色或浑浊样品影响较大,特别是对滴定平衡常数[1]较小(Ka/b<10-7),变色不敏锐,或者指示剂不够灵敏时,会造成一定的终点误差。电位滴定法克服了这些缺点,以测量待测溶液的电位突变来确定滴定终点。本文利用卤化银的Ksp差异,用自动电位滴定法连续测定Cl-、Br-I、-的含量。水样无须预处理,对有色、浑浊等水样可直接参与滴定分析。1试验部分1.1仪器808 DMP型自动电位滴定仪。1.2工作条件信号漂移值为30 mV·min-1,最小增液量为10μL,加液速率50 mV…     

地质试样中钙的直接快速萃取滴定

日本工作者曾提出一个以GBHA-正戊醇在pH11.7的硼砂缓冲液中边萃取边用EGTA滴定钙的方法。无疑,此法可使灵敏度提高数倍。嗣后又有人将此法应用于超基性岩,但需除硅。笔者发现,上述滴定无需在缓冲液中进行,在强碱性溶液中即可取得一致结果。由于不加硼砂而使空白值显著降低。本法多种阴、阳离子无影响,特别在大量硅酸根离子存在时不干扰,这就给岩、矿中直接测定钙提供有利条件。多数样品一经快速熔矿后无需分离即可直接滴定钙。本法似较需经分离硅(特別是硅酸岩样品)后才能作钙分析的原子吸收法更为简便。     

恒速滴定—固定△pH法直接测定α—萘乙酸钾的研究

用微量滴定管控制恒速滴定，用记录仪描绘滴定曲线，在固定的ｐＨ值区间测量有关信号，用盐酸溶液直接测定α－萘乙酸钾，本法不需要准确知道滴定剂所消耗的物质的量，数分钟即可缓出一条滴定曲线，加标回收率为９８．８％－１０１．４％，相对标准偏差为１．６％（ｎ＝１１），适用于工业品及试剂α－萘乙酸钾的常规分析。     

二点滴定法研究

就二点滴定法的原理，方法和应用进行了讨论，导出了二点滴定法计算公式。讨论了滴定剂加入量与测定结果准确度的关系。已用本法对标样样液及试样进行了多次测定，测定结果相对误差及相对标准偏差约０．２％。本法简便，快速，准确，且昨达于任何滴定类型的通用方法。     

毛细滴管数滴微型滴定法野外快速测定水中溶解氧

用毛细滴管数滴微型滴定法对水中溶解氧进行了现场快速测定。实验结果表明,该法的不确定度Urel(C)约为1.6%,与常量滴定法相当,符合国家标准。该法以自制的液滴体积为0.01~0.02 mL的聚乙烯毛细滴管就地进行滴定,避免了水样长期保存和运输中产生的误差。其主要仪器外形小巧、便于携带,滴定快速、准确,滴定剂用量仅为65~100滴,完全能够满足现场快速水质测定和野外水环境监测的需要。     

A numerical method of finding potentiometric titration end-points by use of approximative spline functions

A new numerical method of determining potentiometric titration end-points is presented. It consists in calculating the coefficients of approximative spline functions describing the experimental data (e.m.f., volume of titrant added). The end-point (the inflection point of the curve) is determined by calculating zero points of the second derivative of the approximative spline function. This spline function, unlike rational spline functions, is free from oscillations and its course is largely independent of random errors in e.m.f. measurements. The proposed method is useful for direct analysis of titration data and especially as a basis for construction of microcomputer-controlled automatic titrators.     

用二点滴定法测定化合物的组成比

本法只要测定三组E—V数据即可计算出化合物的组成比。     

多元校正流动注射电位滴定法同时测定苯甲酸和山梨酸

将流动注射应用于酸碱电位滴定分析,建立了一种可同时测定混合有机酸的电位滴定新方法。在该方法中,用氢氧化钠与氯化钾的混合溶液作为滴定剂,在流通池中同时插入pH指示电极和氯离子指示电极,在滴定过程中的任一滴定点,流出液的pH值和酸碱的混合比例可由两个电极的电位测定值同时获得,从而可应用多元校正法由相应的滴定曲线求得混合酸中每一种组分的含量。该方法不仅免去了体积和时间读数,而且减少了试剂和样品的消耗量,分析速度快。应用该方法对混合样品中的苯甲酸和水杨酸进行同时测定,其相对标准偏差分别为0．19％～0．37％,回收率分别为97．3％～102．6％。     

电位滴定分析方法在地质样品主量元素检测中的应用

对电化学分析法与电位滴定法的发展进行了简要介绍。电位滴定法是将电位分析与传统滴定法进行结合的新型分析方法,其反应类型包括酸碱滴定、沉淀滴定、氧化还原滴定与络合滴定,因其仪器操作简单,终点判断更加明确且节省人力的特点而得到广泛关注,因此就近年来电位滴定在地质样品中主量元素检测的应用进行了总结,分别对石灰石、白云石、硅酸盐、铬矿石、铁矿石、锰矿石、铜矿石与水等地质样品的电位滴定检测方法进行了阐述,电位滴定的应用将随着技术发展得以提升。     

Determination of quaternary ammonium compounds by potentiometric titration with an ionic surfactant electrode: single-laboratory validation

A potentiometric titration for determining the quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) commonly found in antimicrobial products was validated by a single laboratory. Traditionally, QACs were determined by using a biphasic (chloroform and water) manual titration procedure. Because of safety considerations regarding chloroform, as well as the subjectivity of color indicator-based manual titration determinations, an automatic potentiometric titration procedure was tested with quaternary nitrogen product formulations. By using the Metrohm Titrando system coupled with an ionic surfactant electrode and an Ag/AgCl reference electrode, titrations were performed with various QAC-containing formulation products/matrixes; a standard sodium lauryl sulfate solution was used as the titrant. Results for the products tested are sufficiently reproducible and accurate for the purpose of regulatory product enforcement. The robustness of the method was measured by varying pH levels, as well as by comparing buffered versus unbuffered titration systems. A quantitation range of 1-1000 ppm quaternary nitrogen was established. Eight commercially available antimicrobial products covering a variety of matrixes were assayed; the results obtained were comparable to those obtained by the manual titration method. Recoveries of 94 to 104% were obtained for spiked samples.     

Four points function fitted and first derivative procedure for determining the end points in potentiometric titration curves: statistical analysis and method comparison.

A new method that belongs to the differential category for determining the end points from potentiometric titration curves is presented. It uses a preprocess to find first derivative values by fitting four data points in and around the region of inflection to a non-linear function, and then locate the end point, usually as a maximum or minimum, using an inverse parabolic interpolation procedure that has an analytical solution. The behavior and accuracy of the sigmoid and cumulative non-linear functions used are investigated against three factors. A statistical evaluation of the new method using linear least-squares method validation and multifactor data analysis are covered. The new method is generally applied to symmetrical and unsymmetrical potentiometric titration curves, and the end point is calculated using numerical procedures only. It outperforms the "parent" regular differential method in almost all factors levels and gives accurate results comparable to the true or estimated true end points. Calculated end points from selected experimental titration curves compatible with the equivalence point category of methods, such as Gran or Fortuin, are also compared with the new method.     

高精度散射光度滴定法测定诺氟沙星的含量

用四苯硼钠标准溶液作滴定剂,采用高精度散射光度滴定法测定了诺氟沙星的含量,并将测定结果与非水滴定法、非水电位滴定法和高效液相色谱法的测定结果进行比较。结果表明：用本方法测定诺氟沙星的含量具有较高的准确度、精密度和良好的线性,且不受其降解产物的干扰。     

Potentiometric titration of metal ions in ethanol

The potentiometric titrations of Zn2+, Cu2+ and 12 Ln3+ metal ions were obtained in ethanol to determine the titration constants (defined as the at which the [-OEt]/[Mx+]t ratios are 0.5, 1.5, and 2.5) and in two cases (La3+ and Zn2+) a complete speciation diagram. Several simple monobasic acids and aminium ions were also titrated to test the validity of experimental titration measurements and to establish new constants in this medium that will be useful for the preparation of buffers and standard solutions. The dependence of the titration constants on the concentration and type of metal ion and specific counterion effects is discussed. In selected cases, the titration profiles were analyzed using a commercially available fitting program to obtain information about the species present in solution, including La3+ for which a dimer model is proposed. The fitting provides the microscopic values for deprotonation of one to four metal-bound ethanol molecules. Kinetics for the La3+-catalyzed ethanolysis of paraoxon as a function of are presented and analyzed in terms of La3+ speciation as determined by the analysis of potentiometric titration curves. The stability constants for the formation of Zn2+ and Cu2+ complexes with 1,5,9-triazacyclododecane as determined by potentiometric titration are presented.     

A new oxidimetric reagent: potassium dichromate in a strong phosphoric acid medium—I Titrimetr1c determination of manganese

A new method has been developed for the direct titrimetric determination of manganese^II, depending on its oxidation to manganese^III with potassium dichromate at room temperature in a strong phosphoric acid medium using a potentiometric or photometric endpoint. Oxygen of the air does not interfere. The potentiometric method gives results to an accuracy within ± 0.3% for 20–150 mg of manganese/50 ml of titration solution; with the photometric method 5–17 mg of manganese/40 ml of titration solution can be determined with an error of 0.3–1.0% depending on the amount present. Potassium dichromate in 12.0M phosphoric acid has a formal redox potential of about 1.5 V and this reagent appears to have great possibilities in titrimetric analysis.