二氯化二(N-甲基-N′-苄基-乙二胺)(二水)合镍的合成及其与瓜环相互作用的研究

以氯化镍与N-甲基-N′-苄基-乙二胺(NMEA)反应合成了配合物二氯化二(N-甲基-N′-苄基-乙二胺)二水合镍([Ni(NMEA)₂·(H₂O)₂]·Cl₂)。利用元素分析、IR光谱、NMR对其结构进行了表征。通过1H NMR和UV-Vis光谱研究了该配合物与六、七、八元瓜环的相互作用，并且考察了其动力学行为。结果表明六、七元瓜环与配合物能形成物质的量比为2∶1的超分子结构，而八元环与配合物的作用则具有不同的模式。     

带有位阻基团的钌多吡啶配合物与DNA键合及其光断裂DNA性质的研究

合成了两个钌多吡啶配合物[Ru(bpy)₂DMNP](C1O₄)₂ (Ru1)和[Ru(bpy)₂BOPIP](C1O₄)₂ (Ru2), 应用元素分析、核磁共振对配合物结构进行了表征, 通过电子吸收光谱、荧光光谱、粘度实验以及凝胶电泳技术对配合物与DNA相互作用的性质进行了研究. 结果表明, 配合物与DNA分子之间以插入模式结合. 在紫外光照下, 两种配合物均能使质粒pBR322DNA断裂, 机理研究表明, 其光断裂DNA的活性氧化物种为单线态氧.     

配体形状对多吡啶铜(Ⅱ)配合物与DNA作用的影响

合成了一系列含有平面配体的Cu(Ⅱ)多吡啶配合物[Cu(IP)₂]²⁺、[Cu(PIP)₂]²⁺、[Cu(DPPZ)₂]²⁺和[Cu(HPIP)₂]²⁺，用吸收光谱、CD光谱和粘度等方法研究了这些配合物与小牛胸腺DNA的作用。结果表明配体上的取代基及配体的平面性对这些四面体配合物与DNA的结合强弱产生一定的影响。[Cu(DPPZ)₂]²⁺与DNA的结合较强，而[Cu(HPIP)₂]²⁺与DNA的结合较弱。CD光谱显示配合物[Cu(DPPZ)₂]²⁺、[Cu(PIP)₂]²⁺和[Cu(HPIP)₂]²⁺的加入会导致DNA的CD光谱减弱。而[Cu(IP)₂]²⁺的加入则会使DNA的CD光谱增强。同时，[Cu(IP)₂]²⁺与DNA结合后，还会引起一定程度的DNA构型转换，即DNA从B型转换成Z型。     

芳基与烷基亚砜钯(II)配合物π反馈效应的DFT研究

应用DFT方法对二苯基亚砜(DPSO)和二己基亚砜(DHSO)的钯(II)配合物进行了理论计算。结果表明中心金属钯与亚砜之间存在d-π^*反馈键，而且二苯基亚砜钯(II)配合物中的π反馈键比二己基亚砜钯(II)配合物强，即亚砜的取代基对其钯(II)配合物的π反馈键有显著的影响。以BHandH/6-31+G^**(Pd，3-21G^*)//BHandH/6-31G^*(Pd，3-21G^*)方法对相应的亚砜钯(II)配合物进行单点计算时，配合物trans-PdCl₂(DPSO)₂ 的π反馈键轨道能为-10.695 eV，而trans-PdCl₂(DHSO)₂的π反馈键轨道能量为-10.320 eV。利用电子给体NH₃或电子受体CO配位体置换亚砜钯(II)配合物里的一个亚砜配体后，Pd(II)-DHSO配合物的Pd-S配位键长的变化明显小于Pd(II)-DPSO配合物的Pd-S配位键长变化值，进一步说明在Pd-DPSO配合物中的π反馈效应强于相应的Pd-DHSO配合物。     

具有单晶到单晶转化的Cu(Ⅰ)配合物的发光性质

选用2-(N，N-双(二苯基膦基甲基))胺基吡啶(bdppmapy)为膦配体、二吡啶并[3，2-a∶2''，3''-c]吩嗪(dppz)为氮配体、[Cu (CH₃CN)₄]BF₄为铜盐，在常温下进行反应，制备了3种新型Cu(Ⅰ)配合物，分别为[Cu (dppz)(bdppmapy)]₂(BF₄)₂·H₂O (CuBF₄-1)、[Cu (dppz)(bdppmapy)]BF₄(CuBF₄-2)和[Cu (dppz)(bdppmapy)]BF₄(CuBF₄-3)。获得了CuBF₄-1和CuBF₄-3的单晶，发现了单晶到单晶转化过程的现象，并探究了溶剂分子的存在对配合物结构和光物理性能的影响。通过单晶X射线衍射确定配合物CuBF₄-1和CuBF₄-3的结构，使用粉末X射线衍射(PXRD)、红外光谱(IR)和核磁共振氢谱/磷谱(¹H/³¹P NMR)对合成的3个配合物进行结构表征。对配合物进行紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、荧光光谱、荧光寿命及量子产率等光物理性质的表征和分析，比较了配合物发光性质的差异，探讨了溶剂分子对配合物结构和光物理性质的影响规律。太赫兹时域光谱对配合物的研究提供了帮助。     

三齿多吡啶钴(II)配合物的合成、表征及其与DNA的相互作用研究

合成了两种三齿多吡啶钴(II)配合物 (A)和[Co(H₂Bzimpy)₂]Cl₂ (B), 用元素分析、IR对配合物的组成和结构进行了表征, 测定了配合物A的晶体结构. 用电子吸收光谱、荧光光谱、循环伏安法及凝胶电泳实验等方法研究了配合物与DNA的相互作用. 结果表明配合物A和B与小牛胸腺(CTDNA)的作用属部分插入和静电结合, 凝胶电泳实验表明配合物A在310 nm光辐射15 min, 可使超螺旋pBR322DNA断裂为开环缺口型和线型DNA.     

Mn(II)配合物的晶体结构及表面光电性能

采用水热法合成3个新的Mn(II)配合物[Mn(SO₄)(H₂O)₃]_n (1), [Mn2.5(HPO₄)(PO₄)(H₂O)₂]_n (2), [Mn(phen)₂(H₂O)₂]·(C₄H₄O₄)·4H₂O (3) (phen=1,10-邻二氮杂菲). 用X射线单晶衍射、表面光电压光谱(SPS)、红外光谱(IR)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、电子顺磁共振谱(EPR)对配合物进行了表征. 结构解析表明: 配合物1是具有2D结构的配合物, 氢键将其连接成3D超分子; 配合物2是具有3D无限结构的配合物; 配合物3是单核配合物, 再由多种氢键连接, 形成3D超分子. SPS结果表明, 3个配合物在300-800 nm范围内都呈现明显的光伏响应, 表明它们均具有一定的光-电转换性能. 讨论了配合物结构, 空间维度和中心金属离子配位环境的不同对配合物表面光电性能的影响以及SPS与UV-Vis的关联: 配合物的结构维度越高、规则性越好, SPS响应强度越大; 中心金属离子的直接配位原子种类的不同、所处外晶场的强弱不同, SPS响应带的数目和位置明显不同.     

(+)-12-乙基-1，4，7，10-四氧杂-13-氮杂环十五烷与镧系硝酸盐、硫氰酸盐配合物的合成表征和CD谱

合成了共15个未见文献报道的三价镧系离子与手性氮杂冠醚(+)-12-乙基-1，4，7，10-四氧杂-13-氮杂环十五烷(以下以L(+)表示)的配合物Ln(NO₃)₃·L(+)·H₂O(Ln=La、Ce、Pr、Nd); Ln(SCN)₃·L(+)·H₂O(Ln=La、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd-Er、Yb)。对所合成配合物进行了元素分析、电导、红外、可见吸收光谱、比旋光度和圆二色谱(CD谱)的测试，并对配合物的有关物理化学性质进行了讨论。     

仲丁基膦酸-2-丁基辛酯与希土固体配合物的研究

合成了仲丁基膦酸-2-丁基辛酯(HBO/BP)与希土(Ⅲ)(Ln=La, Gd, Ho, Y, Er, Yb)新的固体配合物，其组成为Ln(BO/BP)₃，对配合物的性质进行了表征。热分析表明，在空气中，热分解分两步完成，热分解产物是Ln₂P₄O₁₃。测定了配合物的红外光谱，对其主要吸收谱带进行了归属，配合物中Ln-O键具有较高的离子特性。     

锰/钴-二氰胺-4-(1-咪唑基)苯胺三元配合物的合成与结构表征

以二氰胺钠[Na(dca)]和4-(1-咪唑基)苯胺(L)为共配体分别与锰盐和钴盐反应合成了2种新的配合物：零维[Mn(L)₂(dca)₂(H₂O)₂] (1)和二维[Co(L)₂(dca)](dca)_0.5(ClO₄)_0.5·1.5H₂O·MeOH (2)。通过元素分析、红外光谱和X射线单晶衍射对其进行了表征。配合物1属于三斜晶系，P1空间群。配合物2晶体属于正交晶系，Cmcm空间群。配合物1是1个中心对称的单核结构，锰(Ⅱ)离子与分别来自2个dca和2个L配体的4个氮原子以及2个水分子配位，形成八面体配位几何，L和dca均为单齿配位；配合物2是由混合桥dca和L组装成的二维配位聚合物网状结构，相邻的二维网以面对面方式堆积，沿c轴方向形成一维孔道，里面填充着未配位的反离子和溶剂分子。     

Structure-Photodynamic Activity Relationships of a Series of 4-Substituted Zinc Phthalocyanines

Abstract— Radioiodinated zinc phthalocyanine including [¹²⁵I]ZnPcI₄ and differently sulfonated [⁶⁵Zn]ZnPcS (ZnPcS₄, ZnPcS₃, ZnPcS₂ and ZnPcS_1.75, a mixture of adjacent di and 25% mono) were prepared in order to study cell uptake and release kinetics in EMT-6 cells. The same compounds were evaluated for their in vitro phototoxicity and the biological parameters were compared to partition coefficients to arrive at quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR). At 1 μM in 1% serum, at 37°C, all dyes showed rapid cell uptake during the first hour followed by a slow accumulation phase. After 24 h, the highest cellular concentration was observed with the lipophilic ZnPcI₄, followed by the amphiphilic ZnPcS₂ and ZnPcS_1.75. The hydrophilic ZnPcS₄ and ZnPcS₃ showed lower uptake. Dye release from dyeloaded cells during incubation in dye-free medium could reach up to 60% and was shown to depend mainly on the amount of drug incorporated rather than the type of compound. These results suggest that care should be taken in interpreting dye toxicity data, which involve in vitro cell manipulations in dye-free medium, particularly during in vitro/in vivo protocols. The EMT-6 cell survival after 1 h or 24 h incubation with 1 μM dye in 1% serum followed by exposure to red light was assessed by means of the colorimetric 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Photocytotoxicities correlated inversely with the tendencies of the dyes to aggregate. Increased dye uptake by the cells also correlated with their activities, except for the lipophilic ZnPcI₄, which showed the highest cell uptake but little phototoxicity. The QSAR between phototoxicity and the log of the partition coefficients (phosphate-buffered saline and n-octanol) gave a parabola with optimal partition values corresponding to the adjacent sulfonated ZnPcS₂.     

Metal phthalocyanine as photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT)

A series of sulfonated (S) phthalimidomethyl (P) zinc phthalocyanines (Pc) was synthesized in a reaction, in which both kinds of substituents were introduced to ZnPc simultaneously. The products were separated by HPLC. The five different fractions obtained were further purified by a membrane separation method, and then characterized by UV/Vis, IR, element analysis and the abilities to generate singlet oxygen upon irradiation by light as well as a preliminary determination ofin vitro antitumor activities. The results show that one of the five separating parts with formula of ZnPcS₂P₂ exhibited rather good PDT activity. The compound was further characterized by NMR, MS and thermal analysis. Studies onin vivo antitumor activities of ZnPcS₂P₂ as photosensitizer show that its inhibitory rate was up to 89.8% and 90.8% for S₁₈₀ and U₁₄ solid tumors transplanted in mice respectively when the dosage of drug was 2 mg/kg and the dosage of laser light with 670 nm wavelength was 72 J/cm². Several structural factors influenced on the PDT activities were discussed.     

In viva PHOTODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF PHTHALOCYANINES IN A SKIN-FOLD OBSERVATION CHAMBER MODEL: ROLE OF CENTRAL METAL ION AND DEGREE OF SULFONATION

Six sulfonated metallophthalocyanines, chelated with either aluminum or zinc and sulfonated to different degrees, were studied in vivo for their photodynamic activity in a rat skin-fold chamber model. The chamber, located on the back of female WAG/Rij rats, contained a syngeneic mammary carcinoma implanted into a layer of subcutaneous tissue. Twenty-four hours after intravenous administration of 2.5 μmol/kg of one of the dyes, the chambers received a treatment light dose of 600 J/cm² with monochromatic light of 675 nm at a power density of 100 mW/ cm². During light delivery and up to a period of 7 days after treatment, vascular effects of tumor and normal tissue were scored. Tumor cell viability was determined by histology and by reimplantation of the chamber contents into the skin of the same animal, either 2 h after treatment or after the 7 day observation period. Vascular effects of both tumor and subcutaneous tissue were strongest with dyes with the lowest degree of sulfonation and decreased with increasing degree of sulfonation. Tumor regrowth did not occur with aluminum phthalocyanine mono- and disulfonate and with zinc phthalocyanine monosulfonate. With the protocol that was used, complete necrosis without recovery was only observed when reimplantation took place at the end of the 7 day follow-up period. Reimplantation 2 h after treatment always resulted in tumor regrowth. At this interval, the presence of viable tumor cells was confirmed histologically. In general tumor tissue vasculature was more susceptible to photodynamic damage than vasculature of the normal tissue. The effect on the circulation of both tumor and normal tissue increased with decreasing degree of sulfonation. Based on this study, the photodynamic effects using the six sulfonated metallophthalocyanines on the vasculature can be ranked from high to low as: AlPcS₂= ZnPcS₁ > AIPcS₁ > AIPcS₄ > ZnPcS₂ > ZnPcS₄.     

Photocatalysis of 4-nitrophenol using zinc phthalocyanine complexes

Photodegradation of 4-nitrophenol (4-Np) in the presence of zinc tetrasulfophthalocyanine (ZnPcS₄), zinc octacarboxyphthalocyanine (ZnPc(COOH)₈) and a sulfonated ZnPc containing a mixture of differently sulfonated derivatives (ZnPcS_mix), as photocatalysts is reported. ZnPcS_mix is the most effective catalyst in terms of a high quantum yield for 4-Np degradation and the stability of the catalyst. However ZnPc(COOH)₈ degrades readily during the catalysis, but it has a higher quantum yield (Φ_4-Np) for 4-Np degradation than the rest of the complexes. The Φ_4-Np values were closely related to the singlet oxygen quantum yields Φ_Δ and hence aggregation. The rate constants for the reaction with 4-Np were k_r = 0.67 × 10⁶ mol⁻¹ dm³ s⁻¹ for ZnPcS_mix and 2.8 × 10⁸ mol⁻¹ dm³ s⁻¹ for ZnPc(COOH)₈.     

Phosphorus NMR Characterisation of P–N Bond Rotamers of a α‐P4S3 Amide with a Conformationally Constrained Chiral Substituent

Reactions of bicyclic α‐P₄S₃I₂ with Hpthiq gave solutions containing α‐P₄S₃(pthiq)I and α‐P₄S₃(pthiq)₂, where Hpthiq is the conformationally constrained chiral secondary amine 1‐phenyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline. The expected diastereomers have been characterised by complete analysis of their ³¹P{¹H} NMR spectra. Hindered P–N bond rotation in the amide iodide α‐P₄S₃(pthiq)I caused greater broadening of peaks in the room‐temperature spectrum of one diastereomer than in that of the other. At 183 K, spectra of two P–N bond rotamers for each diastereomer were observed and analysed. The minor rotamers showed strong evidence for steric crowding, having large diastereomeric differences in ¹J(P–P) and ²J(P–S–P) couplings (49 Hz, 16 % of value, and 4.4 Hz, 19 % of value, respectively).     

Preparation,Crystal Structure,Vibrational Spectra,and Thermal Behavior of Rb2H2P2O6·2H2O

Single crystals of Rb₂H₂P₂O₆ · 2H₂O could be obtained from aqueous solutions of hypodiphosphoric acid and rubidium carbonate. Its crystal structure was determined by X‐ray diffraction and it crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2₁/c with Z = 4. The salt‐like title compound consists of [H₂P₂O₆]^2– units in staggered P₂O₆‐skeleton conformation, Rb⁺ cations, and H₂O molecules, held together by intermolecular hydrogen bonds of the type O ··· O. The vibrational spectra (IR/FIR and Raman) of the rubidium salt were recorded and an assignment of the vibrational modes is proposed based on the point group C_2h for the P₂O₆‐skeleton of the anion. The thermal behavior of Rb₂H₂P₂O₆ · 2H₂O is dominated by a complex TG decay indicating a simultaneous H₂O delivery coupled with a disproportionation of [H₂P₂O₆]^2–, what is also supported by Raman spectra of heated samples.     

N-Methyl-N-diäthoxyphosphorylamido-Derivate des Hexachlorocyclotriphosphazatriens. IV. NMR-spektroskopische Untersuchungen zur Konstitution der Ammonolyseprodukte von N-Methyl-N-diäthoxyphosphorylamido-chloro-cyclotriphosphazatrienen

N-Methyl-N-Diethoxyphosphorylamido Derivatives of Hexachlorocyclotriphosphazatriens. IV N.M.R. Spectroscopic Investigations of the Products of the Ammonolysis of N-methyl-N-diethoxyphosphorylamindo-chloro-cyclotriphosphazatrienes Broad band ¹H decoupled ³¹P n.m.r. spectra of products obtained by ammonolysis of N-methyl-N-diethoxyphosphorylamido-chloro-cyclotriphosphazatrienes provide essential hints at the constitution of these compounds. In this connection it may be easily demonstrated, both amino groups of N₃P₃Cl₃[NCH₃P(O)(OC₂H₅)₂][NH₂]₂ as well as of N₃P₃Cl₂[NCH₃P(O)(OC₂H₅)₂]₂ [NH₂]₂ are arranged geminally. The spectral parameters were found and verified by simulation of spectra. The simulated ³¹P spectra agree closely with the observed ones. The conclusions from the ³¹P n.m.r. spectra are complemented by these from the ¹H n.m.r. spectra.     

Synthesis of Alkylcyclophosphanes from Red Phosphorus – molecular structure of i-Pr4P4 by gas electron diffraction

A polyphosphide of the type (NaP)_X 1 was obtained from red phosphorus and sodium in presence of small amounts of naphthalene in 1,2-dimethoxyethane as solvent. 1 reacts with alkyl halides in dependence on the kind of alkyl group with formation of different alkylcyclophosphanes. As definite compounds Me₅P₅ 2 , Et₅P₅ 3 (with not definite constitution), i-Pr₄P₄ 4 and t-Bu₄P₄ 5 could be isolated. 1 was identified by X-ray diffraction, 2 – 5 by means of their ¹H, ¹³C, ³¹P n.m.r. and mass spectra. The molecular structure of 4 was identified by electron diffraction.     

Spectral studies on single crystal BaBr2−Sn phosphor

The absorption spectra at 300 K, the emission and excitation spectra at 77 K and 300 K of BaBr₂–Sn phosphor have been studied. The complicated structure observed in the absorption and excitation spectra was connected with transitions to the components of the¹P₁,³P₁ and³P₂ excited states in tin centers which preserve the symmetry of the basic lattice. There has also been observed a complicated structure of the emission spectrum at 77 K which unlike all alkali earth halide phosphors observed so far, manifests itself also in the visible region of the spectrum.

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Spektroskopische Untersuchungen an Einkristallen des BaBr₂–Sn-Phosphors

Zusammenfassung Die Absorptions-, Anregungs-und Emissionsspektren des Phosphors BaBr₂–Sn wurden bei 77 K und 300 K gemessen. Die komplizierte Struktur der Absorptions-und Anregungsspektren ist mit Übergängen zu Komponenten der Anregungszustände¹P₁,³P₁ und³P₂ des Sn²⁺ unter der Annahme zu verknüpfen, daß die Zinnzentren die Symmetrie des Grundgitters beibehalten. Für 77 K ist auch das Emissionsspektrum von komplexer Natur, was bis jetzt bei keinem Erdalkalihalogenid-Phosphor im sichtbaren bereich beobachtet wurde.

     

Unexpected reaction pathway during the palladation of 2,5-diphenylphosphacymantrene

A new reaction of P-alkoxypalladation was found. 2,5-Diphenylphosphacymantrene reacts with Na₂PdCl₄ and NaOAc in MeOH or EtOH to give P-methoxy or P-ethoxy derivatives with Pd₂Cl₂ dimeric core. The products 2 and 3 were characterized by ¹H, ³¹P, ¹³C NMR spectra and X-ray crystal structure data.