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1.
以K-MnO/γ-Al2O3和Cu/SiO2为催化剂, 利用固定床串联反应器实现了苯甲酸甲酯连续加氢合成无氯苯甲醇反应过程. K-MnO/γ-Al2O3和Cu/SiO2催化剂对于苯甲酸甲酯连续加氢合成苯甲醇具有良好的加氢活性, 反应转化率可达89.2%, 苯甲醇的选择性为84.1%. 在苯甲酸甲酯加氢连续步骤中的氢醛比得到提高, 有效地抑制了副产物甲苯的生成. XRD, SEM和TPR表征结果表明: 采用吸附沉淀法制备的Cu/SiO2-C15.2催化剂, 氧化铜在载体上具有良好的分散性能, 并且易于还原, 表现出最佳的苯甲醛加氢活性.  相似文献   

2.
采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了一系列不同Al2O3含量的SiO2-Al2O3复合氧化物,以该系列复合氧化物为载体,采用等体积浸渍法制备了Ni负载量15%(重量百分比)的催化剂,用于催化乙酰丙酸加氢制γ-戊内酯.采用N2物理吸附、X射线衍射(XRD)、H2程序升温还原(H2-TPR)、H2程序升温脱附(H2-TPD)、NH3程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD)和吡啶吸附红外(Py-IR)等手段对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,不同载体催化剂的活性组分分散度及表面酸性质存在明显差异,显著影响了催化剂吸附、活化H2与C=O键的能力,进而影响了催化剂的乙酰丙酸加氢活性.其中,Ni/SiO2-Al2O3催化剂上的L酸中心能够促进C=O键的吸附、活化,与金属Ni上的H2吸附活性位协同作用,大大提高了乙酰丙酸加氢活性.因此,具有最多L酸中心和丰富H2吸附活性位的Ni/SiO2-8Al2O3催化剂表现出最高的乙酰丙酸加氢活性,在180℃、4 MPa氢气压力下,乙酰丙酸转化率达到90.5%,目标产物γ-戊内酯选择性为100%.  相似文献   

3.
为了提高苯乙炔加氢反应中的苯乙烯选择性, 本文采用“胶体-等体积浸渍”两步法制备了Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3双金属催化剂. 利用高分辨率透射电镜(HRTEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、CO脉冲化学吸附、N2物理吸附、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)等技术表征了Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3的结构性质, 考察了Cu/Pd 摩尔比、Pd负载量以及金属引入顺序对Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3催化苯乙炔选择性加氢性能的影响. 结果表明, 与Pd/γ-Al2O3单金属催化剂相比, Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3的苯乙烯选择性大幅度提高, 尤其是当Pd负载量为0.3%(w), 且Cu/Pd摩尔比为0.6时, Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3表现出优异的加氢选择性; 在0.1 MPa和40 ℃下, 当苯乙炔转化率为90%时, 双金属催化剂的苯乙烯选择性可达95%; 当转化率达到99%以上时, 苯乙烯选择性仍保持在82%左右. 分析表明, Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3中形成了Pd-Cu合金, 但是两种金属间不存在电子转移, Cu对Pd的几何效应才是导致Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3苯乙烯选择性增加的主要原因.  相似文献   

4.
用X-射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见漫散射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)、程序升温还原(TPR)、CO化学吸附和微反测试等方法研究了Ni2+在γ-Al2O3上的分散状态和负载型Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂的α-蒎烯加氢催化活性。结果表明,当Ni2+负载量远低于其在γ-Al2O3载体表面分散容量时,Ni2+优先嵌入载体表面四面体空位,随着Ni2+负载量的增加,嵌入载体表面八面体空位Ni2+的比例增大。由于八面体Ni2+易被还原为金属态Ni0,NiO/γ-Al2O3样品的还原度随Ni2+负载量的增加而大幅度地增加,经氢还原所得Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂的CO吸附量和α-蒎烯加氢催化活性大幅度增加。对La2O3助剂的作用进行了研究,结果表明分散在γ-Al2O3上的La3+物种可阻止Ni2+嵌入γ-Al2O3表面四面体空位,增大了八面体Ni2+物种所占比例,提高了催化剂的还原度,故Ni-La2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂催化活性高于Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂。  相似文献   

5.
采用等体积浸渍法制备了Cu-K-La/γ-Al2O3催化剂,考察了KCl对该催化剂催化HCl氧化制Cl2反应性能的影响. 当KCl的负载量为5 wt%时,Cu-K-La/γ-Al2O3催化剂表现出较好的催化活性和稳定性,可在较大的原料气空速变化范围内使用. 在0.1 MPa,360 ℃,空速450 L/(kg-cat·h)和HCl/O2摩尔比为2:1的反应条件下,Cu-K-La/γ-Al2O3催化剂上HCl转化率在100 h内保持85%以上. 表征结果表明,Cu,K和La物种均高度分散于γ-Al2O3载体表面;一定量KCl的加入可降低Cu2+ → Cu+的还原温度,从而提高Cu2+活性中心的催化活性.  相似文献   

6.
采用化学沉淀法合成了SiO2-ZrO2复合氧化物载体,并以浸渍法制备了Ni/SiO2-ZrO2双功能催化剂,考察了焙烧温度对催化剂结构及其催化愈创木酚加氢脱氧制环己烷性能的影响. 结果表明,经500℃焙烧催化剂的加氢脱氧活性最高,在Ni金属中心和SiO2-ZrO2载体材料的协同作用下,愈创木酚转化率为100%,环己烷选择性为96.8%. 对催化剂进行N2物理吸附、H2化学吸附、X射线衍射分析、H2程序升温还原、NH3程序升温脱附与Raman光谱等表征后发现,合成的SiO2-ZrO2为无定形的酸碱两性氧化物;经500℃焙烧的催化剂样品的有效比表面积和孔体积均明显增大,表面酸量最多,硝酸镍分解成小颗粒的NiO较易被H2还原,这些特性是该催化剂样品具有高效加氢脱氧活性的原因.  相似文献   

7.
采用溶剂蒸发自组装法调控载体形貌及孔道结构,成功制备了有序介孔氧化铝载体。以铬氧物种为活性组分,碱金属钾为助剂,采用浸渍法制备负载型催化剂,用于异丁烷催化脱氢反应,研究了反应温度、原料流速、催化剂粒径等因素对催化性能的影响。采用X射线粉末衍射、透射电子显微镜、N2物理吸附、氢气程序升温还原及热重等表征方法探讨了载体形貌、孔道结构与催化性能的构效关系,结果表明,低温下有利于控制异丙醇铝的水解和缩合及介孔γ-Al2O3的研制。与常规的γ-Al2O3相比,所制备的介孔γ-Al2O3的有更大的比表面积和良好的有序性,在600℃、101.325kPa、GHSV=1 000 h-1的条件下,10%(w/w)Cr2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂性能最佳,异丁烷的转化率达63.1%,异丁烯的选择性达到85.5%。与传统的催化剂相比,介孔Cr2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂具有大的比表面积,高度分散的活性组分,优良的催化性能和良好的抗积碳能力。  相似文献   

8.
以九水合硝酸铝(Al(NO33·9H2O)与正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为前驱盐,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备一系列不同Al2O3含量的SiO2-Al2O3复合氧化物,并通过浸渍硝酸氧锆引入ZrO2,制备ZrO2/SiO2-Al2O3复合氧化物催化剂,考察催化剂在肉桂醛(CAL)MPV转移加氢中的催化性能,并结合N2物理吸附、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、NH3-程度升温脱附(NH3-TPD)、Py-原位红外(Py-IR)等技术,研究催化剂结构、织构以及表面性质与其催化性能间的构效关系.研究表明,所制备的催化剂均以L酸为主,并含有少量B酸中心,这使得加氢产物以肉桂醇(COL)为主,并含有少量1-苯丙烯-2-丙基醚(CPE).Al2O3含量不仅影响催化剂表面的酸中心数量,而且对催化剂的织构参数有较大影响.随Al2O3含量的增加,催化剂表面L酸与B酸中心均有所增加,而孔径则持续变小,这使得催化反应呈现CAL转化率先增加后减少、目标产物COL选择性先稍有减小后有所增加的趋势.在Si/Al比为2时,催化剂具有最优的催化性能,优化反应条件下,CAL转化率达96%,目标产物COL选择性达90%.  相似文献   

9.
采用色谱-微反流动法反应装置考察了w%CuO/15%TiO2/γ-Al2O3催化剂对NO+CO的反应活性;催化剂经空气氛或氢气氛预处理后,NO转化率达100%的反应温度分别是325和275 ℃;XRD仅能检测到γ-Al2O3晶相,负载15%CuO后可以检测到微弱的CuO晶相;H2-TPR能检测到2个CuO的还原峰(α和β峰),将其归属于高度分散的CuO分别在裸露的γ-Al2O3和TiO2/γ-Al2O3载体上的还原;原位红外分析结果表明催化剂经空气氛或氢气氛预处理后,吸附NO+CO反应气后,反应的中间产物N2O出现的温度分别为200和150 ℃。  相似文献   

10.
李庆远  季生福  胡金勇  蒋赛 《催化学报》2013,34(7):1462-1468
采用浸渍法制备了SiO2, γ-Al2O3, CaO和TiO2负载的Ni催化剂, 以及不同MgO含量的MgO-7.5%Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂,利用X射线衍射和N2吸附-脱附技术表征了催化剂的结构,在固定床反应器上评价了它们在稻草水蒸气催化重整制合成气反应中的催化性能,考察了反应条件对催化剂性能的影响.结果表明, 以γ-Al2O3为载体时Ni催化剂活性最高,其中7.5%Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂的H2收率可达1071.3ml/g,H2:CO的体积比为1.4:1;同时,MgO的添加进一步提高了该催化剂的性能,当MgO含量为1.0%时,H2收率可达1194.6ml/g,H2:CO体积比可达3.9:1.可见MgO的加入促进了Ni基催化剂上稻草水蒸气催化重整制合成气反应的进行,同时使得合成气中CO发生水-汽转换反应,从而大大提高了合成气中H2含量.  相似文献   

11.
In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.  相似文献   

12.
KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.  相似文献   

13.
The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.  相似文献   

14.
Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.  相似文献   

15.
The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.  相似文献   

16.
An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.  相似文献   

17.
18.
A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.  相似文献   

19.
The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H insertion.  相似文献   

20.
Zhanhui Yang  Shiyi Yang  Jiaxi Xu 《Tetrahedron》2017,73(23):3240-3248
Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp3)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.  相似文献   

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