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1.
碳纳米管基气体传感器研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
碳纳米管具有灵敏度高、响应快和工作温度低等优异的气敏特性,近年来碳纳米管基气体传感器的研究成为研究热点.概述了碳纳米管基气体传感器的种类、结构特点、气敏性能和未来的发展方向,着重介绍了纯的碳纳米管包括单壁碳纳米管、多壁碳纳米管和碳纳米管阵列的气敏特性,以及碳纳米管的修饰或碳纳米管与高分子材料、氧化物等复合对其气敏性能的影响.  相似文献   

2.
用多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)作为互连线制备出了单壁碳纳米管场效应晶体管(SWCNT FETs), 对比研究了用多壁碳纳米管作为互连线和用金属作为互连线的两种情况. 结果表明, 二者的直流(DC)性能基本一致, 而用多壁碳纳米管作为互连线的交流(AC)性能略优于用金属作为互连的情况. 交流测量表明, 至少在20 MHz的频率下, 多壁碳纳米管互连的单壁碳纳米管晶体管仍有很好的响应速率, 器件能够正常工作.  相似文献   

3.
经过K2S2O8的稀硫酸溶液氧化处理的粗制单壁碳纳米管样品, 在水、DMF 和乙醇等极性溶剂中具有非常好的溶解性. 通过在DMF介质中多次进行超声波分散和高速离心分离, 成功地获得了高纯度可溶性的单壁碳纳米管. UV-vis-NIR吸收光谱研究表明, 这种高纯度可溶性的单壁碳纳米管呈现出更多的吸收特征和更高的吸收强度. 进一步的研究表明, 单壁碳纳米管的纯度达到了“参比样品”的160%, 其单根分散度达到5%以上.  相似文献   

4.
CVD法制备单壁碳纳米管的纯化与表征   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4  
针对CVD法合成的单壁碳纳米管的特点提出了较为有效的纯化方法,并对纯化后碳管的存在形式进行了表征.结果表明,CVD法制备的单壁碳纳米管中所含的载体和催化剂绝大部分可以通过盐酸除去.在表面活性剂溶液中超声分散碳纳米管,可以使管与无定形碳及石墨状碎片进行有效的剥离.空气加热氧化法和稀硝酸回流法可有效地去除碳杂质,稀硝酸回流可以在纯化的同时对管的末端及侧壁进行功能化.  相似文献   

5.
朱明晶  彭娟  唐萍  邱枫 《化学学报》2018,76(6):453-459
单壁碳纳米管(SWNTs)的分散性是影响其走向大规模应用的一个重要因素.尤其为满足未来绿色化学的要求,制备环保、稳定、均匀分散的单壁碳纳米管水溶液尤为重要.基于此,我们利用一种水溶性的共轭聚电解质聚(3-甲基咪唑盐己基噻吩)(P3MHT),来分散单壁碳纳米管.通过紫外-可见光谱仪、荧光光谱仪、透射电子显微镜、纳米粒度-Zeta电位分析仪、热重分析仪等仪器对制备的聚噻吩/碳纳米管复合物进行表征,结果表明聚噻吩主链与碳纳米管通过π-π相互作用形成电荷转移复合物,聚噻吩侧链上的离子基团则赋予复合物良好的水溶性,从而均匀分散碳纳米管.与常用于分散碳纳米管的小分子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠相比,相同质量的P3MHT可明显提高碳纳米管在水相中的溶度和均匀分散性.该复合物溶液具有非常高的稳定性,在静置6个月后复合物分散性基本保持不变.  相似文献   

6.
采用直流电弧法制备单壁碳纳米管样品,用457.5和632.8nm两种不同的激发光分别测得单壁碳纳米管的正常拉曼光谱和共振拉曼光谱.通过理论分析得到了单壁碳纳米管的直径分布,进一步推测了其类型及结构参数;对单壁碳纳米管的正切拉伸模的成分进行了归属.在632.8nm激发波长下得到了IG/ID值随激光功率变化的曲线,认为在2.5mW时,单壁碳纳米管缺陷的结构可能发生了改变.在用457.5nm波长激发的单壁碳纳米管的拉曼光谱中,首次发现了1421cm-1的拉曼谱峰.  相似文献   

7.
聚苯乙炔包覆多壁碳纳米管的制备及其分散性   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
郑伟玲  肖潭  朱朦琪  吴萍 《物理化学学报》2009,25(11):2373-2379
用苯乙炔合成聚苯乙炔(PPA), 对多壁碳纳米管进行纯化、氧化, 然后将多壁碳纳米管与PPA一起在甲苯中超声分散. 结果显示氧化多壁碳纳米管已被PPA包覆且能够稳定分散于甲苯溶液中, 一个多月不沉降. 分别采用傅立叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱、酸碱滴定、拉曼光谱分析氧化后多壁碳纳米管的结构变化. 利用高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)分别观察纯化、氧化、PPA包覆多壁碳纳米管的分散情况.  相似文献   

8.
述评碳纳米管储氢研究   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
周亚平  冯奎  孙艳  周理 《化学进展》2003,15(5):345-350
碳纳米管因被认为可能是氢能的主要载体而备受关注,但几年来的文献报道不尽一致.本文评述了关于单壁和多壁碳纳米管对氢气的吸附实验和模拟计算研究结果,探讨了碳纳米管作为储氢材料的可行性.  相似文献   

9.
运用酞菁铁热解法气相沉积制备了碳纳米管阵列.所得碳纳米管呈多壁结构.单根碳纳米管的平均直径约为25 nm,长度约4~5 μm,且具有很好的准直性.研究了碳纳米管阵列的平面场发射特性,相应的开启电压和阈值电压分别为1.28和2.3 V•μm-1,表明碳纳米管具有很强的场发射能力.利用场发射显微镜观察了碳纳米管阵列的场发射像,发现碳纳米管阵列的场发射主要集中在样品薄膜的边缘部位.这是由于碳纳米管密度过大而产生的屏蔽效应所致.  相似文献   

10.
焙烧法纯化多壁碳纳米管   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
崔屾  王雷  乔亚莉  崔兰 《应用化学》2000,17(4):417-0
自碳纳米管[1 ] 发现以来 ,已在世界范围内掀起了碳纳米管研究和应用的热潮 .其中一些文献报道了纯化单壁碳纳米管的方法 ,如超声波助滤法 [2 ] ,酸洗法 [3,4] ,微孔膜过滤法 [5,6] ,离心法[5] ,氧化法[5,7] ;另有少量文献报道了纯化多壁碳纳米管的方法 ,如氧化法 [5,8] ,石墨插层化合物纯化法 [9] 等 .本文使用焙烧法纯化实验室自制的多壁碳纳米管 .通过 TEM、XRD和比表面积等的测定 ,考察了不同焙烧时间的纯化效果 .采用催化甲烷裂解方法 ,在 6 0 0℃反应 4h制得多壁碳纳米管 ,粗产物收率接近 2 0 % .于干燥、洁净的坩埚中 ,分别称取 6…  相似文献   

11.
Currently, carbon nanotube (CNT) ‐based composites have been considered as microwave absorbers because of the fascinating properties of CNTs. In this work, multi‐walled CNTs (MWCNTs) and graphene oxide (GO) ‐based epoxy composites (i.e. MWCNT/EPr and GO‐MWCNT/EPr), with sample thickness of 2 mm, were prepared to study microwave absorbing properties in the frequency band of 8–18 GHz. Uniform dispersion of MWCNTs in the organic solvent and polymer matrix was achieved by preparation of GO. The test for electromagnetic parameters, i.e. complex permittivity and the permeability of the samples, was carried out with vector network analyzer (VNA) using reflection‐transmission waveguides. Results showed that GO‐MWCNT/EPr composites have better absorption capability than MWCNT/EPr composites. The improved reflection loss for the composites with 0.4 wt% and 0.6 wt% of GO (out of total filler loading 6 wt%) were ?14.32 dB and ?14.29 dB, respectively. The improvement in reflection loss and absorption bandwidth for GO‐MWCNTs composites suggested that MA features are synergistically effected by GO and MWCNTs. Further skin depth and shielding effectiveness terms are studied to observe overall mechanism of electromagnetic (EM) shielding which showed that multiple reflections also play a role in EM shielding. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

12.
Poly(2,5-benzoxzole) (ABPBO)/carbon nanotube (CNT) composites were prepared via in situ polycondensation of “protonated” AB monomer, 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid hydrochloride, in a mildly acidic poly(phosphoric acid) medium. In situ generated hydrochloric acid during the dehydrochlorination process provided additional acidity to the reaction medium. The enhanced acidity was advantageous for both the purification and dispersion of CNTs. Specifically, it was evident for the purification of as-received single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT), which was contained a large portion of impurity (60-70 wt%). On the basis of the data obtained from elemental analysis (EA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the resultant composites implicated that individual tube of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and bundles of SWCNT were homogeneously dispersed into the ABPBO matrix. After in situ polymerization in harsh temperature at 175 °C and subsequent work-up processes, CNTs were remained structurally intact in a mild reaction medium. Thus, the PPA medium is indeed viable for the preparation of composite.  相似文献   

13.
In this study a series of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/Polyethylene (PE) composites with different kinds and several concentrations of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were investigated. The morphology and degree of dispersion of the fillers in the polymer matrix at different length scales was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Both individual and agglomerated MWCNTs were evident but a good dispersion was observed for some of them. TGA measurements were performed on nanocomposites in order to understand if CNTs affect the stabilization mechanism during thermal and oxidative degradation. The analysis demonstrates that MWCNTs presence slightly delays thermal volatilisation (15-20 °C) without modification of thermal degradation mechanism. In contrast, thermal oxidative degradation in air is delayed up to about 100 °C dependently from MWCNTs concentration, in the range used here (0.1-2.0 wt%), and degree of dispersion. The stabilization is due to the formation of a thin protective layer of entangled MWCNTs kept together by carbon char generated on the surface of the nanocomposites as shown by SEM images taken on degradation residues.  相似文献   

14.
Poly(urea urethane) (PUU) with a poly(dimethylsiloxane) soft segment was synthesized. Different types of conductive fillers—carbon nanotube (CNT), silver‐coated carbon nanotube (CNT–Ag), and nickel‐coated carbon nanotube (CNT–Ni)—were blended with PUU to form partially conductive polymer composites. The results showed that highly conductive metals could improve the conductivity of CNTs significantly. When the filler contents were 3, 4, and 5 parts per hundred parts of resin (phr), the PUU/CNT composites possessed electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (SE) at 8.5, 28.4, and 26.0 dB as the electromagnetic wave frequencies were 12.3, 16.2, and 15.9 GHz, respectively. SE of the composites that contained CNT–Ni and CNT–Ag increased with the filler loading. At the same modified‐CNT loading, the CNT–Ni‐filled composites had a higher SE than those filled with CNT–Ag. Tensile stresses ranged from 5.7 to 15.6 MPa (a 177.3% increase) when the CNT concentration reached 8 phr. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 345–358, 2005  相似文献   

15.
Carbon nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene and their hybrid have been studied extensively. Despite having excellent properties of CNTs and graphene have not yet been fully realized in the polymer composites. During fabrication agglomeration of CNTs and restacking of graphene is a serious concern that results in the degradation of properties of nanomaterials into the final composites. To improve the dispersion of CNTs and restacking graphene, in the present research work, we focused on the hybridization of graphene oxide and CNTs. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), functionalized carbon nanotubes (FCNTs), and graphene oxide-carbon nanotubes (GCNTs) reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) composites were prepared separately by vacuum filtration followed by hot compression molding. Further, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding properties of ABS composites reinforced carbon nanofillers were investigated. The dynamic mechanical properties of polymers strongly depend on the adhesion of fillers and polymer, entanglement density of polymer chains in the presence of carbon fillers. The dynamic mechanical characteristics such as storage, loss modulus, and damping factor of prepared composites were significantly affected by the incorporation of MWCNTs, FCNTs, and GCNTs. Maximum EMI shielding effectiveness of −49.6 dB was achieved for GCNT-ABS composites which were highest compared to MWCNTs-ABS composites (−38.6 dB) and FCNTs-ABS composites (−36.7 dB) in the Ku band (12.4–18 GHz). These results depict the great potential of GCNTs-ABS composites to be used in various applications of efficient heat dissipative EMI shielding materials for electronic devices.  相似文献   

16.
Electrochemical electrodes incorporating double- and single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were fabricated on cysteamine modified flat gold substrates. Through covalent coupling of the amine end groups with carboxyl functionalized CNTs, a dense forest of vertically aligned CNTs was produced. To these a 30 nm thick insulating polystyrene layer was spin coated, resulting in exposure of the uppermost carbon nanotube ends. The electrochemical performance of each electrode was then determined using the redox probe ruthenium hexaamine. Once surrounded by polymer, the double-walled CNTs (DWCNTs) showed an improved electron transfer rate, compared to the single-walled electrode. This improvement was attributed to the protection of the electronic properties of the inner wall of the DWCNT during the chemical modification and suggests that DWCNTs may offer a useful alternative to SWCNTs in future electrochemical sensors and biosensors.  相似文献   

17.
Thermoanalytical and electron microscopic methods were used as characterisation tools for the determination of the composition of single walled carbon nanotube samples. Acid purification method of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCN) proved to be effective, resulting in a three fold increase in the percentage of SWNTs present in the purified product as determined by thermogravimetric analysis. In this work we report the thermogravimetric analysis by conventional and high resolution methods of the raw SWNTs and purified SWNTs.  相似文献   

18.
利用太赫兹时域光谱研究了多壁碳纳米管/高密度聚乙烯(MWNTs/HDPE)复合体系的光学性质.第一次使用MG模型提取了不同浓度下MWNTs的光学常数,并利用DL模型对结果进行了解释.  相似文献   

19.
运用重氮化技术制备了水溶性磺化碳纳米管,在此基础上,以不同直径的磺化碳纳米管(1~2 nm,<8 nm,10~20 nm,30~50 nm)为载体,采用原位氧化聚合方法合成了一系列磺化碳纳米管改性聚苯胺复合材料.红外和紫外-可见光谱分析表明,聚苯胺与磺化碳纳米管之间存在π-π相互作用,并形成了电荷转移复合物;且随着碳纳...  相似文献   

20.
A series of high‐performance polymer/carbon nanotube (CNT) composites with different nanotube contents have been prepared via condensation of N‐silylated diamino terminated precursor of the polymer with acid chloride‐functionalized CNTs and subsequent thermal cyclodehydration. The composites have been fully characterized by infrared and Raman spectroscopy, electron microscopy, and thermal analysis. Various interesting morphologic features including helical structures have been observed in the composites as a result of covalent attachment of the polymer. The composites exhibit excellent thermal stability and a significant improvement in the dielectric constant and mechanical strength with the inclusion of CNTs. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012  相似文献   

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