高吸水性树脂的合成和应用

本文综述了近年来高吸水性树脂的研究进展,主要包括3个方面:(1)高吸水性树脂的制备;(2)高吸水性树脂的结构及性能表征;(3)高吸水性树脂的应用开发。     

高吸水性树脂性能缺陷及其改性策略的研究进展

高吸水性树脂凭借其优越的吸水和保水性能,已成为国民经济各个领域中不可或缺的重要材料,但传统的高吸水性树脂吸水速度慢、耐盐性差、凝胶强度低等问题限制了其发展。针对高吸水性树脂日益明显的缺陷,科研人员开始着手研究合成和加工新方法,以降低树脂生产成本低,提高树脂生物降解性、凝胶强度、吸水性和耐盐性等性能,从而推广产品使用范围。本文基于近年来该领域的研究,概括了高吸水性树脂目前主要存在的性能缺陷,并提出相应的改性策略来提高吸水性树脂的综合性能。     

高吸水性树脂

综述了国内高吸水性树脂的研究进展,其中包括高吸水性树脂的制备方法、类型、影响其吸水性能的因素以及功能与应用。     

高吸水性树脂的合成与应用

综述了高吸水性树脂的研究、发展状况。并指出了高吸水性树脂研究中存在的问题。     

腐植酸高吸水性树脂研究进展

腐植酸（HA）是土壤腐殖质的主要成分,含有多种功能基团。随着HA基础和应用研究的不断深入,将具有反应活性和生物活性的HA引入到高吸水性树脂中,既能发挥HA改良土壤、增效化肥、刺激生长、增强抗逆和改善品质的功效,又可改善高吸水性树脂的吸水和耐盐性能,同时大幅度降低高吸水性树脂的制备成本。本文综述了近年来HA高吸水性树脂的...     

高吸水性树脂研究进展

介绍了高吸水性树脂的结构、性能及其表征,结合经典理论与最新研究从热力学和动力学角度阐述其吸水机理,着重分析合成条件,组份和方法对高吸水性树脂性能的影响机制,简略地介绍了高吸水性树脂三十年来的发展及广阔的应用领域,并预测其研究与开发前景     

高吸水性枝脂研究进展

介绍了高吸水性树脂的结构,性能及其表征,结合经典理论与最新研究从热力学和动力学角度阐述其吸水机理,着重分析合成条件,组份和方法对高吸水性树脂性能的影响机制,简略地介绍了高吸水性树脂三十年来的发展及广阔的应用领域,并预测其研究与开发前景。     

聚丙烯酰胺/凹凸棒土(Attapulgite)纳米复合高吸水性树脂的制备与性能

高吸水性树脂是一种新型功能高分子材料,由于其优越的吸水保水性能,已在农林园艺和生理卫生用品等领域得到了应用,但它仍然存在抗盐性能差、吸水后凝胶强度低等不足．近年来,有机．无机复合高吸水性树脂因具有较高的吸水性能和低廉的生产成本而受到了广泛的关注,使用的无机粘土主要有高岭土、蒙脱土和凹凸棒土等．粘土具有活性基团和键合点,加入到高吸水性树脂三维网络中可以改善树脂的网络结构,提高其综合性能．凹凸棒土是一种含水富镁铝的层链状硅酸盐,相对于其它粘土,它具有很好的抗盐、吸附和胶体性能。     

有机凹凸棒粘土的制备及复合高吸水性树脂的性能

有机凹凸棒粘土的制备及复合高吸水性树脂的性能;凹凸棒粘土;有机改性;高吸水性树脂     

聚丙烯酸类高吸水性树脂专利技术发展

高吸水性树脂SAP是一种典型的功能高分子材料,能吸收并保持自身重量数百倍乃至数千倍的水分或者数十倍的盐水,广泛应用于农业、林业、工业和日常生活等领域中。而聚丙烯酸类高吸水性树脂是一类重要的合成高吸水性树脂,本文从专利角度对其技术概况、专利申请状况、聚合工艺、共聚单体、交联剂、聚合引发方式等进行了详述,并对该领域重要专利申请人巴斯夫和日本触媒株式会社的重点技术进行了分析。     

离子/非离子复合型亲水单体的合成及高稳定性聚氨酯乳液的研究

本文合成了离子 非离子复合型亲水单体 (K6 0 0 ) ,并以K6 0 0、IPDI、聚酯二元醇为原料制备了自乳化聚氨酯乳液 .考察了K6 0 0对乳液外观、粒径、粘度、冻融稳定性、高温稳定性、抗电解质能力、pH值稳定性等性质的影响 .结果显示 ,以K6 0 0制得的乳液具有优异的综合稳定性 ,- 2 0℃ ,18h冻融 5次以上仍然稳定 ;可以耐受 80℃的长期高温 ;可与 10 %NaCl溶液以任意比例混合 ;可在pH =1～ 14的范围内性质稳定 ,说明离子 非离子复合型亲水单体对体系的综合稳定性具有很大的作用     

疏水缔合(丙烯酰胺十六烷基二甲基烯丙基氯化铵-2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸)三元共聚物的合成与性能研究

疏水缔合水溶性聚合物是指在聚合物亲水性大分子链上引入少量疏水基团的一类水溶性聚合物[1～5].在水溶液中,疏水基团之间由于憎水作用而发生聚集,使大分子链产生分子内与分子之间缔合.在临界缔合浓度以上,以分子间缔合为主,增大了流体力学体积,因此,具有较好的增粘作用.疏水基的加入可大幅度地改变聚合物的流变性能.在聚合物驱油中的流度控制,提高波及效率、以及调剖中起到非常重要的作用.     

Application of water-soluble polymers as modifiers in electrophoretic analysis of phenols

A review of application of water-soluble cationic, anionic and nonionic polymers as pseudostationary phases in capillary electrophoresis (CE) and micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC) is presented. The effect of the structure of the polymers on the selectivity and efficiency of separation is discussed. A novel specially designed cationic polymer, 2,10-ionene, has been used for the separation of phenols. The polymer has hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts in its backbone. The polymer shows the best selectivity as a modifier in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE)-mode, which allows the selective determination of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic phenols.     

波聚合制备淀粉接枝丙烯酸钠-丙烯酰胺高吸水性树脂

高吸水树脂是一种新型功能高分子材料,广泛应用于卫生用品、农林业和生物医药等领域．将淀粉接枝改性制备吸水树脂不仅可以减少对石油产品的依赖性,而且还可以使吸水树脂具有可生物降解性,从而避免出现环境问题．     

交联聚氨酯水分散体的合成

将硅氧烷封端的含亲水基团的线性聚氨酯预聚体分散于水中 ,获得稳定的聚氨酯分散体 .由于硅氧基团水解、缩合 ,在分散体粒子内产生扩链交联反应 ,生成了交联水基聚氨酯分散体 .透射电子显微镜研究表明分散体粒径小、分布宽 .扫描电子显微镜研究了成膜结构及成膜性能与粒径的关系 .溶胀实验计算获得的两交联点之间的平均分子量与理论平均分子量相符 .研究还发现此分散体膜在干燥过程中可进一步交联 .膜的水溶胀及机械性能表明 ,此分散体具有极大的工业应用价值 .     

Adhesives for Low-Energy Surfaces

Summary: The wetting and adhesive properties of model pressure-sensitive adhesives synthesised by miniemulsion polymerization were investigated. Wetting experiments of aqueous solutions of three different emulsifiers showed that Silwet L-77 (nonionic ethoxylated trisiloxane) was the best wetting agent. Probing adhesive properties, two different structure modifications of the polymer were investigated: a change in the polymer microstructure by the addition of a chain transfer agent and the introduction of a hydrophobic monomer into the polymer backbone. An addition of chain transfer agent was sufficient to obtain a polymer with a significantly different microstructure and, consequently, enhanced adhesion energy but reduced shear resistance. On the other hand, stearyl acrylate (SA) was employed as the hydrophobic monomer and the synthesis was carried out in miniemulsion polymerization which enables the incorporation of hydrophobic compounds without any diffusion limitations. There were almost no differences in the polymer microstructure, whereas, some differences were observed in adhesion properties.     

Controllably Growing Topologies in One-shot RAFT Polymerization via Macro-latent Monomer Strategy

The controlled and efficient synthesis of polymers with tailored topologies is challenging but important for exploring structure/property research. Herein, we proposed a concept of macro-latent monomer to achieve the controlled growth of polymer topologies.The macro-latent monomer was installed by a dynamic furan/maleimide covalent bond at the chain terminal. One-shot reversible additionfragmentation chain transfer(RAFT) polymerization of styrene and the macro-latent monomer created controlled growth of polymer topologies.Low temperature such as 40 ℃ could not activate the macro-latent monomer and thus the polymerization created the homo-polystyrene. By contrast, high temperature of ～110 ℃ activated the macro-latent monomer, and a maleimide-terminated macro-monomer was released via the retro-Diels Alder reaction. This macro-monomer immediately joined the cross polymerization with styrene and thus produced the side chains. By delicately manipulating the polymerization temperature, the predetermined placement of the macro-latent monomer-derived polymeric sidechains created controllably growing topologies, including star-, π-shaped, and density-variable grafting copolymers. This work paved a new way for creating on-demand topologies and would greatly enrich the topology synthesis.     

原子转移自由基聚合合成甲基丙烯酸丁酯与丙烯酸全氟烷基乙酯两嵌段共聚物及其性能的研究

通过原子转移聚合合成了大分子引发剂PBMA Br及系列含氟两嵌段共聚物P(BMA b FAEM) ,并利用1 H NMR、F EA、GPC、FTIR对其结构进行了表征 .所合成的含氟嵌段共聚物膜具有低临界表面张力 .本文通过接触角的测定研究了含氟两嵌段共聚物的憎水、憎油性能与共聚物的含氟量 ,热处理温度 ,热处理时间的关系 ,结果表明含氟嵌段PFAEM具有向空气 聚合物界面富集的倾向 ,在共聚物中引入含氟嵌段可以明显提高共聚物的憎水、憎油性 .当含氟嵌段达 7 6wt%时 ,临界表面张力 (γc =18 7mN m)已与聚四氟乙烯相当 (γc=18 5mN m) ,显示出明显的低表面能特征     

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝聚氧乙烯共聚物溶液性质的研究

采用核磁共振 (NMR)、动态激光光散射 (DLS)、透射电子显微镜 (TEM )等方法研究了规整性聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝聚氧乙烯共聚物溶液性质 ,研究表明两亲接枝共聚物在选择性溶剂中可形成球状胶束 ,溶液的浓度、温度和聚合物结构等因素影响其胶束的大小、形态     

Novel nonionic polymerisable surfactants based on sulfoxides. 1. Monomer synthesis and general surfactant behaviour

The synthesis, surface activity, and micellisation of a series of new nonionic polymerisable surfactants, often referred to as surfmers, are described. These monomers bear terminal vinyl groups or acrylic esters, and the nonionic sulfoxide moiety. Compared to many other nonionic hydrophilic fragments, the sulfoxide group behaves as a strongly hydrophilic fragment of small volume, that can balance up to an acryloyloxyundecyl hydrophobic chain. The incorporation of the polar acrylate moiety at the end of the hydrophobic chain seems to confer surfactant properties similar to the ones of bola amphiphiles to the monomers. Received: 22 March 2001 Accepted: 11 August 2001