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1.
在对角蛋白的结构、分类、提取方法进行介绍的基础上,主要从天然高分子材料的角度,对角蛋白的改性、材料制备及其应用研究进展进行了综述。角蛋白材料常用物理共混和接枝聚合方法进行改性,从而制备环境友好的复合材料;角蛋白的降解主要采取微生物法和酶解法。由于角蛋白水解可产生多种氨基酸,并且具有良好的生物相容性和生物降解性,其主要用作医用材料、药物缓释材料、日用材料、食品包装材料、地膜材料,也可作为较好的重金属离子吸附剂和废水脱色剂。总之,对角蛋白材料的开发和应用具有非常广阔的前景。  相似文献   

2.
医用可生物降解高分子材料   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
对目前医用可生物降解高分子材料的研究及应用状况分化学合成,天然和生物技术合成三类作了综述。对材料的生物相容性、可生物降解性及物理机械性能进行了分析和比较。并就医用生物降解高分子材料的发展趋势作了预测。  相似文献   

3.
高分子发光材料具有可溶液加工的特点,适于制备低成本、大面积发光器件,在平板显示和固体照明领域具有潜在的应用前景.近年来,高分子发光材料在发光机制、材料体系和器件性能等方面均取得了重要进展,各项性能得到了大幅度提升.本文从材料和器件角度,围绕高分子荧光材料、高分子磷光材料和高分子热活化延迟荧光材料的分子设计策略,总结和评述了高分子荧光材料的颜色调控和效率提升途径,高分子磷光材料的磷光掺杂剂、高分子主体、拓扑结构等因素对发光性能的影响规律,以及高分子热活化延迟荧光材料的设计原理和典型材料体系.同时,分析了高分子发光材料未来发展面临的机遇和挑战.  相似文献   

4.
锂离子电池正负极材料研究进展   总被引:11,自引:2,他引:9  
本文阐述了近年来锂离子电极材料的合成、结构以及性能等方面的发展状况。正极包插嵌锂的层状LixMO2和尖晶石型结构的LixM2O4的过渡金属氧化物(M=Co,Mn,V),负极材料包括石墨、焦碳、活性碳、低温热解碳以及金属氧化物等。  相似文献   

5.
本文结合我们自己的工作总结和概括了稀土发光材料和贮氢材料最近几年来的研究和应用新进展。  相似文献   

6.
钠离子电池凭借钠资源丰富、价格低廉在大规模储能领域有着重要应用前景.然而,钠离子相对锂离子较大的半径和质量限制了它在电极材料中的可逆脱嵌,导致其电化学性能不佳.因此研发稳定、高效储钠的高比能电极材料是钠离子电池实用化的关键.另外,进一步优化与电极材料相匹配的电解质来实现高安全、长寿命钠离子电池的构建,推动其商业化进程,也是迫切需要解决的问题.本文主要对室温钠离子电池关键材料(包括正极、负极和电解质材料)的研究进展进行简要综述,并探讨了其面临的困难及可行的解决方案,为钠离子电池的发展提供一定参考依据.  相似文献   

7.
有机太阳能电池材料研究新进展   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
介绍了有机太阳能电池研究的背景、基本原理、分类,并对有机太阳能电池材料进行了全面综述,包括小分子太阳能电池材料、大分子太阳能电池材料、D-A体系材料和有机无机杂化体系材料.  相似文献   

8.
酞菁类光电材料研究新进展   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
酞菁类化合物具有优异的光电响应性能,是光电材料领域最活跃的研究方向之一.评述了酞菁类化合物近几年在不同领域的研究进展,分析总结了酞菁和取代基酞菁的分子结构、晶体形态对光伏材料、薄膜半导体材料、液晶材料、光导材料和电致发光材料等应用性能的影响以及目前存在的问题,最后对酞菁类光电材料的研究和发展前景进行了展望.  相似文献   

9.
本文简述了军事隐蔽材料的隐蔽原理及制备。指出了这类材料是化学、物理、材料等科学综合发展的结果,主要取决于主体物质的化学性能,只有良好的主体物质才会赋 类材料优良的伪装、隐形功能、随着化学科学中无机、有机及金属有机高分子合成技术的发展将会对此有极大的促进作用。  相似文献   

10.
张海璇  孟旬  李平 《化学进展》2008,20(5):657-672
刺激响应型材料是一类在环境因素刺激下,自身的某些物理或化学性质发生相应变化的材料。刺激因素包括光、温度、pH、离子强度、电场和磁场等。本文综述了近年来光和温度刺激响应型材料的研究进展,主要从光响应型水凝胶和光致变色材料的结构类型及应用概述了光响应型材料的发展;同时从温度响应型水凝胶、热致形状记忆材料和热敏变色材料几方面介绍了温度响应型材料的研究进展及应用,并展望了光和温度刺激响应型材料在多学科领域的应用前景。  相似文献   

11.
中国番荔枝科植物抗癌有效成分研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
陈若芸  于德泉 《有机化学》2001,21(11):1046-1050
介绍了近年来我们实验室中国番荔枝科植物抗癌有效成分研究工作。从番荔枝科5种紫玉盘属植物,5种哥纳香属植物,1种番荔枝属植物,1种囊瓣木属植物中分离得到59种新的番荔枝内酯,32种新的多氧取代环己烯,12种新的苯乙烯吡喃酮和3种新的生物碱,并通过化学和光谱方法鉴定了它们的结构。大部分化合物显示了较强的抗癌活性。并对抗癌活性成分海南哥纳香醇甲进行了全合成。  相似文献   

12.
Water-soluble constituents of Glehnia littoralis fruit   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
From the water-soluble portion of the methanol extract of the fruit of Glehnia littoralis Fr. SCHMIDT ex MIQ. (Umbelliferae; "hamabofu" in Japanese), thirty compounds, including three new monoterpenoids and a new monoterpenoid glucoside, a new benzofuran glucoside, a new alkyl glucoside, and a new glucide, were obtained. Their structures were clarified by spectral investigation.  相似文献   

13.
According to Watson′s DSC principle, a new design of electric circuit of DSC was proposed, Referring to the instrument constraction of DSC of Perkin-Elmer corporation, a new instrument construction of DSC was designed.This new electric circuit and this new instrument construction can overcome the shortcomings in de- sign of DSC of Perkin-Elmer corporation, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the new electric circuit. The temperatures and enthalpies of phase transitions of stan- dard materials were measured by using the new DSC. The experimental results are shown in table 1.  相似文献   

14.
In this paper we present new modified open Newton Cotes integrators and we develop a new modified trigonometrically-fitted open Newton-Cotes method. We study the connection between the new proposed schemes, the differential methods and the symplectic integrators. although The research on multistep symplectic integrators is very poor, although, much research has been done on one step symplectic integrators and several of then have obtained based on symplectic geometry. In this paper a new open modified numerical algorithm of Newton-Cotes type is produced. We present the new obtained method as symplectic multilayer integrator. The new obtained symplectic schemes are applied for the solution of the resonance problem of the radial Schrödinger Equation. The results show the efficiency of the new proposed algorithm.  相似文献   

15.
概念是有机合成化学发展的基础之一,新概念的产生和发展可为有机合成开拓新的研究领域和发展方向。此文介绍现代有机合成中的一些新概念和新方法,结合具体的有机合成反应实例展示有机合成在这些概念的基础上取得的新成果和新进展,并综合归纳了现代有机合成的发展方向和应重视的研究领域。  相似文献   

16.
SummaryThethemeof 17ICCEisthatthenewcenturyoffersnewchallenges,newopportunitiesandnewhopesforchemicaledu cation .Theseaspirationsarecertainlycriticalforchemicaledu cationinAustralia ,particularlyatthetertiarylevel.Ithasbeenrecognizedforatleastthepasttwode…  相似文献   

17.
A new three-parameter cubic equation of state is presented by combination of a modified attractive term and van der Waals repulsive expression. Also a new alpha function for the attractive parameter of the new EOS is proposed. The new coefficients of alpha function and the other parameters of the attractive term are adjusted using the data of the saturated vapor pressure and liquid density of almost 60 pure compounds including heavy hydrocarbons. The new EOS is adopted for prediction of the various thermophysical properties of pure compounds such as saturated and supercritical volume, enthalpy of vaporization, compressibility factor, heat capacity and sound velocity. Following successful application of the new EOS for the pure components, using vdW one-fluid mixing rules, the new EOSs are applied to prediction of the bubble pressure and vapor mole fraction of the several binary and ternary mixtures. The accuracy of the new EOS for phase equilibrium calculation is demonstrated by comparison of the results of the present EOSs with the PT, PR, GPR and SRK cubic EOSs.  相似文献   

18.
Water-soluble constituents of ajowan.   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
From the water-soluble portion of the methanol extract of the fruit of Carum ajowan (ajowan), which has been used as a spice and medicine, 25 compounds, including five new monoterpenoid glucosides, a new monoterpenoid, two new aromatic compound glucosides, and two new glucides, were obtained. Their structures were clarified by spectral investigation.  相似文献   

19.
Water-soluble constituents of dill   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
From the water-soluble portion of the methanol extract of dill (fruit of Anethum graveolens L.), which has been used as a spice and medicine, thirty-three compounds, including a new monoterpenoid, six new monoterpenoid glycosides, a new aromatic compound glucoside and a new alkyl glucoside were obtained. Their structures were clarified by spectral investigation.  相似文献   

20.
A new bicyclogermacrane sesquiterpenoid, two new cembrane diterpenoids and five new dolabellane diterpenoids, along with known terpenoids, have been isolated from the Malaysian liverwort Chandonanthus hirtellus. The structures of the new compounds were established by spectroscopic and chemical methods in addition to X-ray crystallographic studies.  相似文献   

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