高效液相色谱法同时测定槐枝中芦丁和槲皮素

提出了用高效液相色谱法同时测定槐枝中芦丁和槲皮素含量的方法。采用ZORBAXEclipse XDB-C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)为固定相,以甲醇-0.01 mol.L-1乙酸铵(47+53)混合溶液为流动相,在360 nm波长处用二极管阵列检测器检测。芦丁和槲皮素的质量分别在0.015 4~0.154 0,0.010 8~0.108 0 mg.L-1之间与其相应的峰面积呈线性关系,检出限分别为(3S/N)分别为0.06,0.008μg.g-1。应用此法测定槐枝样品中芦丁和槲皮素的含量,加标回收率分别为97.4%~98.8%,97.4%~98.2%;相对标准偏差(n=6)分别为1.6%,1.8%。     

高效液相色谱法快速测定满山红中槲皮素和杜鹃素的研究

研究了用固相萃取预分离,高效液相色谱法测定满山红中槲皮素和杜鹃素。槲皮素和杜鹃素用90%甲醇加热回流提取,提取液用Waters Sep-Pak-C18固相萃取小柱预分离,然后用ZORBAX Stable Bound(50×4.6 mm i.d.,1.8μm)色谱柱,以0.2%的磷酸和甲醇(52∶48,V/V)为流动相,槲皮素和杜鹃素在1.0 min内可达到基线分离;用紫外二极管矩阵检测器检测。方法的加入标准回收率为98%~102%,相对标准偏差为1.6%~1.8%。本法可用于满山红样品中的槲皮素和杜鹃素的测定,结果满意。     

高效液相色谱法测定野葱中黄酮类化合物

建立了测定野葱中芦丁、黄酮醇类化合物的高效液相色谱方法。80%乙醇超声提取,高效液相色谱分析野葱中芦丁和黄酮醇类化合物的含量。芦丁检测条件:V(甲醇)∶V(0.2%磷酸水)=45∶55,检测波长:360nm;槲皮素、山奈酚、异鼠李素检测条件:V(甲醇)∶V(0.2%磷酸水)=40∶60,检测波长:360 nm。结果表明,野葱中芦丁含量0.22%,槲皮素、山奈酚、异鼠李素含量依次为0.42%、0、0.23%,总黄酮醇类化合物含量为1.63%。     

高效液相色谱法测定不同产地枇杷叶中的3种黄酮类成分

建立了高效液相色谱同时测定枇杷叶中3种黄酮类成分的分析方法。该方法分析了不同产地枇杷叶中芦丁、槲皮素和山柰酚的含量差异。枇杷叶粉末用甲醇超声提取后,加盐酸回流,制备样品测试液。采用Diamonsil C18色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）,以0.4%（v/v）磷酸水溶液-乙腈为流动相,梯度洗脱。分别对7个不同产地的枇杷叶样品中的芦丁、槲皮素和山柰酚进行测定。结果表明,芦丁、槲皮素、山柰酚在各自的质量浓度范围内线性关系良好（r>0.99）,加标回收率分别为96.33%、95.81%和95.80%,RSD分别为6.48%、0.90%和3.02%。该方法操作简单、分离度好、重复性高。不同产地枇杷叶中3种黄酮类成分的含量存在差异,其中芦丁的差异最大,而山柰酚的含量最稳定且在不同产地样品中均可检出,或可用作枇杷叶药材质量控制的标志成分。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定枸杞中槲皮素、山柰酚和异鼠李素

建立了高效液相色谱同时检测枸杞中槲皮素、山柰酚和异鼠李素的分析方法。样品经过甲醇超声提取后,用甲醇-25%HCl水解1 h,采用Inertsustain C18色谱柱进行分离,以甲醇-0.4%H3PO4溶液(48∶52,V/V)为流动相,进行等度洗脱,流速为1.0 m L/min,二极管阵列检测器检测,检测波长为360 nm,柱温为40℃。槲皮素,山柰酚,异鼠李素在40 min内实现分离,并分别在0.053~21.2μg/m L,0.053~4.24μg/m L和0.046~3.72μg/m L范围内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9972~0.9992,测得槲皮素、山柰酚、异鼠李素的加标回收率为99.2%~103.1%,95.6%~101.8%,93.2%~109.1%;相对标准偏差分别为0.95%~2.8%,0.55%~2.3%,0.81%~2.4%。对槲皮素、山柰酚和异鼠李素的检出限分别为0.04,0.05,0.03 mg/kg。方法可用来测定枸杞中3种黄酮苷元的含量。     

高效液相色谱-质谱法测定油茶果壳中5种多酚类化合物的含量

提出了高效液相色谱-质谱法同时测定油茶果壳中没食子酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、芦丁和槲皮素等5种多酚类化合物的方法。油茶果壳样品经甲醇提取,以Thermo Scientific Syncronics C18色谱柱为分离柱,以不同体积比的乙腈和甲酸(1+99)溶液混合液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾负离子源多反应监测模式检测。5种多酚类化合物在一定的质量浓度范围内均与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限在0.02~0.50mg·L-1之间。方法用于油茶果壳样品的分析,加标回收率在90.0%~105%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在1.1%~3.4%之间。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定玫瑰花口服液中没食子酸、芦丁、槲皮素和山奈素

建立了同时测定玫瑰花口服液中没食子酸、芦丁、槲皮素和山奈素的高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定方法。采用Agilent HC-C18色谱柱(250×4.6mm,5μm);流动相为0.5%磷酸-甲醇,梯度洗脱;流速0.8mL·min-1;柱温30℃;检测波长260nm。结果显示:没食子酸在40.7～244.20μg·mL-1、芦丁在25～150μg·mL-1、槲皮素在13.3～80μg·mL-1、山奈素在2.69～16.2μg·mL-1线性关系良好,相关系数分别为0.9997、0.9993、0.9998、0.9994。4组分平均回收率分别为99.2%、101.2%、98.8%、99.2%,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为0.60%、1.02%、0.62%、0.57%(n=3)。该方法准确、简便,适合上述4种有效成分的同时测定。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定不同产地布渣叶的3种水解黄酮苷元

提出了反相高效液相色谱法同时测定布渣叶的3种水解黄酮苷元槲皮素、山奈酚和异鼠李素的含量。采用Kromasil C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇-0.4%(体积分数)磷酸溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,在368 nm波长处,对布渣叶的水解液进行了色谱分离测定。结果表明:槲皮素的质量浓度在1.97~19.7 mg.L-1,山奈酚在2.02~20.2 mg.L-1,异鼠李素在2.11~21.1 mg.L-1时分别与其峰面积呈线性关系。槲皮素、山奈酚和异鼠李素的加标回收率分别为93.0%~99.6%,92.6%~99.8%,92.5%~99.5%,相对标准偏差(n=6)分别为2.48%,2.80%,3.17%。     

高效液相色谱法测定润肤霜和洗发露中的银杏黄酮类物质

建立了测定润肤霜和洗发露中3种银杏黄酮类物质(槲皮素、山萘素和异鼠李素)的高效液相色谱分析方法。样品经甲醇提取、离心后,提取液以Fortis Phenyl色谱柱(4.6×250 mm,5μm)分离,体积分数0.5%H3PO4-甲醇流动相体系等度洗脱,在波长367 nm下用二极管阵列检测器检测,以保留时间结合紫外光谱定性,外标法定量。结果表明:3种目标分析物分离度好;在0.25~50.0 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9992~0.999 9;槲皮素、山萘素和异鼠李素的方法检出限(S/N=3)分别为0.8,1.0和1.0 mg/kg;添加水平为5~500 mg/kg时,回收率为83.5%~102.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为1.6%~6.5%。方法适用于护肤类和洗护发类化妆品中槲皮素、山萘素和异鼠李素的测定。     

超声萃取-流动注射液滴荧光增敏法测定苦荞中芦丁

基于Al~(3+)-芦丁形成络合物的荧光增敏特性,建立了超声萃取-流动注射液滴荧光增敏法测定苦荞中芦丁含量的方法。称取2.000 0g样品,加入10mL甲醇并搅拌均匀,超声振荡萃取15min,以6 000r·min-1转速离心5min后移出上层清液,重复此操作2次后合并3份上清液,旋转蒸发除去甲醇溶剂,用90%(体积分数)乙醇溶液溶解,过滤,加入0.1mol·L~(-1) Al(NO_3)_3溶液5μL后定容至10.0mL,静置60～70min。流动注射速率保持4～5mL·h~(-1),激发和发射波长分别为239,507nm时测定荧光强度。Al~(3+)与芦丁的络合比为1∶2,Al~(3+)-芦丁络合物的质量浓度与其荧光强度在0.10～5.00 mg·L~(-1)内呈线性关系,检出限(3s)为0.02 mg·L~(-1),回收率在86.0%～104%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在3.1%～6.1%之间。方法适合于苦荞中芦丁的常规检测。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.