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1.
本文对云南12种烟叶中挥发性成分进行提取分离,气相色谱/质谱测定.系统地对同时蒸馏萃取条件和色谱分离条件进行优化,结合谱库检索和匹配度定性方法鉴定149种化合物,并对其中的35种重要香气成分进行了定量分析,包括酮类7种、醇类6种、烯烃类4种、烟碱类3种、烷烃类2种、醛类2种、酯类2种、呋喃类2种等.该方法具有81.09%~97.45%的高回收率.结果表明,同时蒸馏萃取集采样、萃取、浓缩于一体,操作简单快速,适合于烟草中挥发性成分的提取,结合气相色谱/质谱联用仪(GC-MS)分离测定,能准确对挥发性成分进行定性和定量分析.  相似文献   

2.
提出了顶空-固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定烟气中挥发性和半挥发性成分。结合信息量最大的原则,确定了固相微萃取时萃取纤维头为碳分子筛/聚二甲基硅烷萃取纤维头,萃取温度为70℃,萃取时间为60min。在气相色谱分离中用Agilent DB-1色谱柱为固定相,在质谱分析中采用全扫描模式。结果表明:共鉴定出107种成分,含量最大的成分是烟碱(18.07%),其次是新植二烯(11.46%),主要的3类挥发性和半挥发性成分依次为苯系物、酮类以及杂环类。  相似文献   

3.
土壤中64种痕量半挥发性有机污染物的分析方法研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用超声提取技术将土壤中的半挥发性有机污染物(SVOC)提取出来, 经旋转蒸发浓缩至一定体积后, 用ODSC18柱净化, 再用氮吹浓缩后, 取1.0 μL注入气相色谱中, 用DB-5 ms柱分离, 用气相色谱质谱仪(GC-MS)进行定性定量分析. 本方法研究土壤中64种半挥发性有机污染物, 其中包括苯系物、苯酚类、苯胺类、硝基芳香烃类、氯代芳烃类、多环芳烃类和酞酸酯类等物质的提取、净化方法以及回收率、精密度和检测限的测定. 该方法回收率为52.5%~105%.  相似文献   

4.
顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱分析发酵香肠挥发性成分   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
采用固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱(SPME-GC-MS)联用分析技术对发酵香肠挥发性成分进行了分析。共鉴定了33种化合物。结果表明,发酵香肠的挥发性成分主要为醇类、酮类、酯类、有机酸类、酚类及醛类等。  相似文献   

5.
研究了白酒中非挥发性酚类化合物的测定方法。酒样经旋转式真空蒸发器浓缩后转至(PVPP)吸附柱以分离酚类组分,然后用DMF将酚类化合物洗脱并将其转化为挥发性的TMS衍生物(三甲基硅酯(醚)衍生物)再以SE-30毛细管柱作气相色谱分析。组分主要依靠色谱—质谱联用分析鉴定。采用本法从茅台酒中检出了十一种非挥发性酚类化合物,其中,邻羟基苯乙酸、邻羟基苯丙酸、4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯丙酸尚未在国外的酒类香味成分分析文献中见过报导。  相似文献   

6.
川芎浓缩颗粒挥发性成分分析   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
采用气相色谱-质谱法对川芎浓缩颗粒挥发性成分进行分离鉴定。从水蒸气蒸馏法工艺制备的浓缩颗粒(样品I)中分离鉴定了12个成分,主要为亚油酸、棕榈酸;从超临界CO2流体萃取工艺制备的浓缩颗粒(样品Ⅱ)中分离鉴定了32个成分,主要为藁本内酯、亚油酸。用面积归一化测定了样品Ⅰ、Ⅱ中成分的相对百分含量。  相似文献   

7.
逍遥丸(水丸)挥发性成分的提取及其气相色谱-质谱法分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取了中成药逍遥丸(水丸)的挥发性成分,选取正十八烷为内标物,采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术分离和鉴定了提取的挥发性成分.综合应用单因素考察和正交实验对提取过程的多种因素进行优化,最佳提取条件为:药品与蒸馏水的固液比1 ∶ 15,室温下蒸馏水浸泡10 h,水蒸气蒸馏提取11 h.共分离出70个组分,鉴定了其中53个化合物,其中包括11种芳香族类(56.74%)、11种萜烯类(13.89%)、8种萜醇类(3.51%)和6种醛类(5.43%)化合物,占总峰面积的95%以上.该法为逍遥丸气相色谱指纹图谱的研究及其质量控制提供了依据.  相似文献   

8.
采用固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法分离和鉴定香樟籽的挥发性成分,用归一化法测定其相对含量。共分离出76种组分,鉴定出47种化合物,其含量占总挥发性成分的97.4%。主要挥发成分为樟脑(57.89%)、柠檬烯(12.68%)、α-蒎烯(4.42%)、莰烯(2.69%)、香橙烯(2.34%)、伞花烃(2.26%)及β-蒎烯(2.12%)。  相似文献   

9.
采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法(UPLC-ESI MS/MS)并结合气相色谱-质谱法分离鉴定了烟草中5种主要的糖苷类香味前体物质。烟样经甲醇提取、XAD-2柱净化,得到初步纯化的糖苷,在pH 5条件下将其酶解,释放出糖苷配基。采用气相色谱-质谱分析并通过标准谱库检索确定了5种挥发性苷元;然后通过电喷雾质谱(负离子模式)确定糖苷母离子并作碎片离子扫描(MS2),确定了5种糖苷类香味前体物质的存在形式;最后采用UPLC-ESI MS/MS,以甲醇和乙酸-乙酸铵水溶液为流动相,通过RP-C18柱分离,在多反应监测(MRM)模式下,鉴定了烟草中5种主要的糖苷类香味前体物质,为应用液相色谱-质谱分析缺乏标准样品的糖苷类香味前体物质奠定了基础。  相似文献   

10.
章晴  邹积鑫  石高军  张丽娟 《色谱》2010,28(12):1132-1136
应用超高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术(UHPLC-MS)与气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS),对环保水性印油中的主要成分(主要颜料与挥发性物质)进行了定性分析。通过超声提取与离心对样品进行预处理后,在ZORBAXEclipse Plus Phenyl-Hexyl(50mm×4.6mm,1.8μm)液相色谱柱,15mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液-乙腈为流动相,在UHPLC-MS负离子电喷雾电离条件下以选择离子监测模式定性分析染料及颜料;采用HP-INNOWAX(30m×0.25mm,0.25μm)气相色谱柱进行GC-MS全扫描,定性分析挥发性物质。研究确认水性印油中的主要颜料成分是酸性红R、水溶曙红Y与颜料红112,主要挥发性物质是甘油、1,2-丙二醇等。本方法快速、准确,可以满足物证鉴定工作中对印记的检测需要,有助于法庭科学中对印油印记的种类区分。  相似文献   

11.
对烘烤前后南瓜籽中的化学成分进行分析并对比。采用同时蒸馏萃取装置萃取南瓜籽中的挥发性成分,采取超临界CO2萃取技术萃取南瓜籽油脂,并将其分为酸、碱、中性三个部分,用气相色谱-质谱联用方法分析其中化学成分并进行对比。结果表明,南瓜籽挥发性成分中含有多种醛类和酯类化合物,烘烤后产生了大量的烷基吡嗪,其在碱性部分中的相对含量比烘烤前提高14倍多,不饱和醛类化合物含量也有明显提高。南瓜籽油脂中的主要化学成分是油酸、亚油酸及其酯类。还含有生物活性功能成分如植物甾醇、角鲨烯和维生素E等。烘烤后除角鲨烯含量有所降低,维生素E、植物甾醇、亚麻酸等均有提高。  相似文献   

12.
A systematic method for separation of aged red wine polyphenols into various distinct fractions using combined techniques of solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography was proposed. The aged red wine polyphenols were separated into various distinct fractions including phenolic acid fraction, monomer flavanol fraction, oligomer procyanidin fraction, anthocyanin and its pyruvic acid derivative fraction, free or non-colored proanthocyanidin fraction, fraction of direct condensation products between anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins and fraction of other pigmented complexes. The phenolic composition of each fraction was verified by HPLC with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD), thiolysis, vanillin assay, HPLC coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) and multi-stage MS fragment analysis. For the first time, anthocyanins and their pyruvic derivatives were separated from other phenolic compounds, while free or non-pigmented polymer proanthocyanidins from other pigmented complexes. The fractionation method would be of particular interest in further studying the detailed composition of polymeric polyphenols in red wine.  相似文献   

13.
Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization was used for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon derivatives, the oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, formed in asphalt fractions. Two different methods have been developed for the determination of five oxygenated and seven nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that are characterized by having two or more condensed aromatic rings and present mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. The parameters of the atmospheric pressure chemical ionization interface were optimized to obtain the highest possible sensitivity for all compounds. The detection limits of the methods ranged from 0.1 to 57.3 μg/L for nitrated and from 0.1 to 6.6 μg/L for oxygenated derivatives. The limits of quantification were in the range of 4.6–191 μg/L for nitrated and 0.3–8.9 μg/L for oxygenated derivatives. The methods were validated against a diesel particulate extract standard reference material (National Institute of Standards and Technology SRM 1975), and the obtained concentrations (two nitrated derivatives) agreed with the certified values. The methods were applied in the analysis of asphalt samples after their fractionation into asphaltenes and maltenes, according to American Society for Testing and Material D4124, where the maltenic fraction was further separated into its basic, acidic, and neutral parts following the method of Green. Only two nitrated derivatives were found in the asphalt sample, quinoline and 2‐nitrofluorene, with concentrations of 9.26 and 2146 mg/kg, respectively, whereas no oxygenated derivatives were detected.  相似文献   

14.
张泰铭  梁逸曾  崔卉 《分析化学》2004,32(11):1450-1454
用正己烷将沥青质从油样中分离,再根据类组分之间极性差别,用中性氧化铝-硅胶双层析柱将原油样其余部分分成脂肪烃、芳香烃和7个非烃馏分。各馏分回收完全。用色-质联用技术,将非烃馏分再分离并获取实验数据,为原油非烃结构和含量测定奠定有关的信息基础。不同油井样品研究和重复实验表明,方法对各种原油非烃化合物分离和信息测定有很好的重现性。  相似文献   

15.
神华煤直接液化循环油的分析表征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
循环油是煤加氢液化反应产物中的一部分经催化加氢精制的产品,它常作为煤直接加氢液化的溶剂,既能溶解煤的液化产物和部分煤,又能供氢直接参加反应,通过催化加氢处理可以重复使用。目前,液化油作为石油替代品已得到多方面的重视,也有一些相关的报道。为了充分、合理利用循环油及提高其品质,深入研究其化学组成和结构有着重要的意义。  相似文献   

16.
A simple, fast, repeatable and less laborious sample preparation protocol was developed and applied for the analysis of biocontrol fungus Trichoderma harzianum strain FA1132 by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The match factors for sample spectra with respect to the mass spectra library of fungal volatile compounds were determined and used to study the complex hydrocarbons and other volatile compounds, which were separated by using different capillary columns with nonpolar, medium polar and high polar stationary phases. To date, more than 278 volatile compounds (with spectral match factor at least 90%) such as normal saturated hydrocarbons (C7-C30), cyclohexane, cyclopentane, fatty acids, alcohols, esters, sulfur-containing compounds, simple pyrane and benzene derivatives have been identified. Most of these compounds have not previously been reported. The method described in this paper is a more convenient research tool for the detection of volatile compounds from the cultures of T. harzianum.  相似文献   

17.
Purification of compounds from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) is an important task for understanding the chemical composition of TCMs. However, it is difficult to obtain compounds with high enough purity for identification by NMR due to the complexity of TCMs in chemical composition. In this study, a two‐dimensional purification method based on a Click oligo (ethylene glycol) column and a C18 column was developed to realize an orthogonal separation in preparative level for purifying compounds efficiently. The first dimensional preparation was performed on a Click oligo (ethylene glycol) column to simplify the sample into the fractions with good separation repeatability. On the first dimension, 7.2 g sample was separated into 11 fractions with a recovery of 86% within 6 h. A C18 column was taken as the second dimension to realize the high‐performance separation and rapid preparation from the fractions collected from the first dimension. Eight compounds in fraction 6 and 2 compounds in fraction 8 were isolated and identified after optimizing the separation and collection parameters. This method is a high‐efficient and orthogonal preparation method to improve the separation of a complex sample and increase the purity of the compounds, which benefits from the application of novel materials in the preparation and purification.  相似文献   

18.
Vale MG  Silva MM  Damin IC  Sanches Filho PJ  Welz B 《Talanta》2008,74(5):1385-1391
In recent work, it has been shown that electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET AAS) can be used to differentiate between volatile and non-volatile nickel and vanadium compounds in crude oil. In the present work, the distribution of these two groups of compounds over different fractions of crude oil was investigated. For this purpose two crude oil samples were separated in two steps: firstly, the asphaltenes were precipitated with n-heptane, and secondly, the maltenes were loaded on a silica column and eluted with solvents of increasing polarity. The four fractions of maltenes eluted from silica column were: F1, saturated and light aromatics; F2, polyaromatics; F3, resins; and F4, polar compounds. Fractions F1 and F2 were further investigated using gas chromatography, and all fractions were characterized by CHN analysis, confirming the increase of aromatics in the fractions 2, 3, 4 and asphaltenes. For the determination of Ni and V by ET AAS, oil-in-water emulsions were prepared. The speciation analysis was carried out measuring without chemical modifier (stable compounds) and with 20 μg palladium (total Ni and V) and the volatile fraction was calculated by difference. The limits of detection were 0.02 μg g−1 and 0.06 μg g−1, for Ni and V, respectively, based on an emulsion of 2 g of oil in 10 mL. The volatile species of Ni and V were associated with fractions F3 and F4, while only thermally stable Ni and V was precipitated in part together with the asphaltenes.  相似文献   

19.
用酸碱分离和萃取色谱分离相结合的方法将龙口页岩油分离为酸性组分、碱性组分和五个中性组分(饱和烃、芳香烃、含氮化合物、含氧化合物1、含氧化合物2)。采用GC-MS和负离子ESI FT-ICR MS鉴定了龙口页岩油中酸性组分、中性组分4和中性组分5中含氧化合物的组成。GC-MS分析结果表明,龙口页岩油酸性组分含氧化合物主要包括苯酚类、茚满酚类、萘酚类、联苯酚类、芴酚类、菲酚类,以及C5~16烷酸;龙口页岩油中性组分4和中性组分5中含氧化合物主要包括C9~32脂肪酮和酯类化合物。FT-ICR MS分析结果表明,龙口页岩油中含氧化合物主要有O1、O2、O3、N1O1、N1O2类化合物,其中,O1和O2类化合物种类较多。龙口页岩油重均相对分子质量集中在150~600 Da,说明龙口页岩油是由小分子化合物组成的。其表现出来的某些大分子化合物的性质,是由小分子化合物通过范德华力或氢键聚合在一起而形成的。龙口页岩油中O1、O2、O3类化合物中DBE主要分布在1和4,说明龙口页岩油中O1、O2、O3类化合物不饱和度和缩合度较低,因此,龙口页岩油是生物降解程度较低的油。  相似文献   

20.
In order to identify the potential nephrotoxic compounds in traditional Chinese medicine Lithospermum erythrorhizon,it was separated into serial fractions according to their polarities.An in vitro method was utilized to determine the nephrotoxicity of these fractions with the help of fluorescence image analysis.As a result,the primary fraction A05 and its secondary fractions C06 C09 and C12 C14 were found to have significant toxicity to LLC-PK1 cell line,as determined by the survive rate less than 20% after...  相似文献   

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