首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
聚醚醚酮(PEEK)作为一种特种热塑性工程塑料,在许多工程领域有着广泛的应用。采用不同手段改性聚醚醚酮,改善其热学性能、力学性能、摩擦学性能和加工性能等,有利于降低生产成本和进一步拓展其应用范围。本文从化学改性和纤维增强、无机填充、表面改性、与有机共混等物理改性两个方面综述了近年来国内外聚醚醚酮改性研究进展情况,以及对其在工业领域、电子电器领域、航空领域、汽车领域和医学领域中的应用作了简单的概括,最后展望了聚醚醚酮改性研究开发问题及解决方法。  相似文献   

2.
简单介绍了聚醚醚酮(PEEK)的基本结构与特性。详细综述了几种改善聚醚醚酮植入材料抗菌性的方法及其相应的改性机理,包括化学改性、负载改性、涂层改性、辐照改性、陶瓷共混改性等。其中,涂层改性包括氧化石墨烯、黑磷等生物活性涂层改性,辐照改性又可分为等离子处理、微波辐照等改性措施。最后对聚醚醚酮在医学领域的应用进行了展望,并提出其在抗菌方面依然存在的问题与挑战。  相似文献   

3.
分子筛增强增韧MC尼龙的研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
简介了MC尼龙作为工程塑料的优缺点,提出了对其在实际应用中的改性要求,以无机刚性粒子改性聚合物机理为背景,结合分子筛独特的结构特点及其当前在聚合物中的应用,并根据实验实践,首次提出了分子筛增强增韧MC尼龙一系列的模型及机理,并展望了分子筛改性整个聚合物体系的美好前景。  相似文献   

4.
天然的蚕丝具有独特的优良性能,但同时也存在性能缺陷,如力学性能(拉伸强度与韧性)差,使用时间短以及色牢度差等。科学家们发展了蚕丝的改性技术,改良蚕丝的性能以达到更好的应用目的。目前常用的蚕丝改性方法主要分为基因改性方法、物理改性法、化学改性法及添食育蚕法等。概述了蚕丝的结构与改性的原理,介绍了4类改性法及其近年来取得的重要进展,总结了目前蚕丝改性研究中的难点,展望了蚕丝改性研究的未来发展方向。  相似文献   

5.
无机纳米粒子在环氧树脂增韧改性中的应用   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
张小华  徐伟箭 《高分子通报》2005,(6):100-104,112
无机纳米粒子能够给聚合物赋以卓越的综合性能,为此,纳米材料在聚合物改性中的应用已成为聚合物改性领域中的一个研究热点。本文就近年来在环氧树脂增韧改性中应用的无机纳米粒子的种类、环氧树脂/无机纳米复合材料的制备方法及其应用研究进展进行了综述。  相似文献   

6.
木质素活化改性制备酚醛树脂胶黏剂研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
木质素由于化学结构与苯酚相似,通过活化改性可部分替代苯酚制备木质素改性酚醛树脂胶黏剂。既可降低成本、达到生物质资源高效利用的目的,并且制备的木质素改性酚醛树脂胶黏剂有毒残余较低,具有环保意义,是合成制备生物质高分子材料的重要途径。本文综述了国内外研究人员在木质素活化改性制备酚醛树脂胶黏剂研究领域的最新进展,重点介绍了化学改性、物理改性、生物改性等木质素活化改性方法,比较了不同改性产物制备酚醛树脂胶黏剂的性能,并对影响木质素活化改性制备酚醛树脂胶黏剂实现工业化应用的主要因素进行了分析。  相似文献   

7.
本文综述了对温敏型聚合物PNIPAM的改性研究及其应用,主要介绍了嵌段共聚法、接枝法、互穿聚合物网络结构法、共混法以及一些特殊的改性方法,总结了近年来PNIPAM改性的最新研究进展,同时总结了各种改性方法的优缺点,并展望了PNIPAM这种温敏性材料以后的发展。  相似文献   

8.
反应挤出聚烯烃接枝改性研究进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
金慧  盛京  原续波 《高分子通报》2006,(3):37-41,76
聚烯烃通过接枝改性可以有效地扩大其应用范围。本文简介了近几年反应挤出中聚烯烃接枝体系的组成和接枝机理,讨论了影响因素及其存在的副反应,同时介绍了接枝产物在增容改性等方面的应用。  相似文献   

9.
苯乙烯和丙烯酸系改性醇酸树脂涂料   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
综述了苯乙烯和丙烯酸系改性醇酸树脂的研究进展,介绍了该类树脂的合成、性能及应用,讨论了该类树脂的优缺点,预测了苯乙烯和丙烯酸系改性醇酸树脂涂料的发展趋势。  相似文献   

10.
磷脂改性聚合物膜   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
综述了膦脂改性聚合物膜的制备方法,其中饭知光引发接枝、电晕放电、化学接枝、原位聚合、共混改性、物理吸附等方法,并对磷脂改性聚合物膜的部分性质和应用前景作了简单介绍。  相似文献   

11.
咪草烟分子印迹聚合物的制备及其选择性吸附性能的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以丙烯酸为聚合单体,TMPTA为交联剂,AIBN为引发剂,咪草烟为模板分子,采用在低温光聚合的方法,制备了对咪草烟分子具有选择性识别能力的分子印迹聚合物.通过IR和HPLC表征,咪草烟分子印迹聚合物对咪草烟分子具有良好的识别作用.  相似文献   

12.
Volatile organic compounds serve in nature as semiochemicals for communication between species, and are often used as flavors and fragrances in our everyday life. The quite limited longevity of olfactive perception has led to the development of pro-perfumes or pro-fragrances--ideally nonvolatile and odorless fragrance precursors which release the active volatiles by bond cleavage. Only a limited amount of reaction conditions, such as hydrolysis, temperature changes, as well as the action of light, oxygen, enzymes, or microorganisms, can be used to liberate the many different chemical functionalities. This Review describes the controlled chemical release of fragrances and discusses additional challenges such as precursor stability during product storage as well as some aspects concerning toxicity and biodegradability. As the same systems can be applied in different areas of research, the scope of this Review covers fragrance delivery as well as the controlled release of volatiles in general.  相似文献   

13.
The concepts article describes enabling techniques (solid-phase assisted synthesis, new reactor design, microwave irradiation and new solvents) in organic chemistry and emphasizes the combination of several of them for creating new synthetic technology platforms. Particular focus is put on the combination of immobilized catalysts as well as biocatalysts with continuous flow processes. In this context, the PASSflow continuous flow technique fulfils both chemical as well as chemical engineering requirements. It combines reactor design with optimized, monolithic solid phases as well as reversible immobilization techniques for performing small as well as large scale synthesis with heterogenized catalysts under continuous flow conditions.  相似文献   

14.
《印度化学会志》2023,100(1):100818
In the present paper, the heat generating and/or absorption as well as thermo-diffusion on the unsteady free convection MHD gyrating flow of radiation and chemical reactive second grade fluid past an unbounded perpendicular plate during absorbent medium have been discussed. Here, it is assumed that, the confining plate has the ramped wall temperature with ramped surface concentration and isothermal temperature with ramped surface concentration. The analytical solutions for the governing equations are found by utilization of Laplace transformation methodology. The velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are analyzed with quite few figures. It is determined that, velocity, temperature and concentration distribution sketches in case of ramped temperature as well as ramped surface concentration are not as much of as those of isothermal temperature as well as ramped surface concentration. In addition to the idioms of skin friction, Nusselt number as well as Sherwood number are achieved and characterized numerically with tabular format.  相似文献   

15.
Enzyme-based biocatalysis is emerging as an advanced technique to develop green processes that help to maintain the sustainability of the environment. The bioremediation of toxic organic pollutants and waste to bioenergy production using enzymes as biocatalysts is rapidly growing due to its eco-friendly and sustainable nature. Additionally, a range of microbial species that typically grow on organic wastes can be used to produce these enzymes in an efficient manner. This is seen as a potential strategy for the development of cost-effective manufacturing for a number of biotechnological applications. The present study discusses biocatalysis as a promising and sustainable method toward the bioremediation of hazardous organic pollutants as well as for bioenergy production, based on the immense potential of enzymes as biocatalysts. Emphasis has been placed on evaluating the critical elements that can enhance the production of enzymes used as biocatalysts, as well as their functional effectiveness and stability.  相似文献   

16.
The utility of diphosphorous tetraiodide as a new, mild, condensing agent for synthesis of oxadiazole is described. These data indicate the simple dehydration of oximes to 1,2,5-oxadiazole as well as the rearrangements of oximes to normal Beckmann product 1,2,4-oxadiazole. However, mono-oxime of benzil undergoes abnormal Beckman rearrangement to benzaldehyde as major product. The described method is simple and important for the synthesis of the oxadiazoles as well as for nitriles.  相似文献   

17.
A general overview of the development of the uses of light-emitting diodes in analytical instrumentation is given. Fundamental aspects of light-emitting diodes, as far as relevant for this usage, are covered in the first part. The measurement of light intensity is also discussed, as this is an essential part of any device based on light-emitting diodes as well. In the second part, applications are discussed, which cover liquid and gas-phase absorbance measurements, flow-through detectors for chromatography and capillary electrophoresis, sensors, as well as some less often reported methods such as photoacoustic spectroscopy.  相似文献   

18.
Aptamers: molecular tools for analytical applications   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Aptamers are artificial nucleic acid ligands, specifically generated against certain targets, such as amino acids, drugs, proteins or other molecules. In nature they exist as a nucleic acid based genetic regulatory element called a riboswitch. For generation of artificial ligands, they are isolated from combinatorial libraries of synthetic nucleic acid by exponential enrichment, via an in vitro iterative process of adsorption, recovery and reamplification known as systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). Thanks to their unique characteristics and chemical structure, aptamers offer themselves as ideal candidates for use in analytical devices and techniques. Recent progress in the aptamer selection and incorporation of aptamers into molecular beacon structures will ensure the application of aptamers for functional and quantitative proteomics and high-throughput screening for drug discovery, as well as in various analytical applications. The properties of aptamers as well as recent developments in improved, time-efficient methods for their selection and stabilization are outlined. The use of these powerful molecular tools for analysis and the advantages they offer over existing affinity biocomponents are discussed. Finally the evolving use of aptamers in specific analytical applications such as chromatography, ELISA-type assays, biosensors and affinity PCR as well as current avenues of research and future perspectives conclude this review.  相似文献   

19.
Asymmetric multicomponent reactions involve the preparation of chiral compounds by the reaction of three or more reagents added simultaneously. This kind of addition and reaction has some advantages over classic divergent reaction strategies, such as lower costs, time, and energy, as well as environmentally friendlier aspects. All these advantages, together with the high level of stereoselectivity attained in some of these reactions, will force chemists in industry as in academia to adopt this new strategy of synthesis, or at least to consider it as a viable option. The positive aspects as well as the drawbacks of this strategy are discussed in this Review.  相似文献   

20.
陈双  陈巧平  郑曦  陈晓  陈震 《应用化学》2010,27(11):1301-1305
以Cr3+交联羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)作为阳膜层,戊二醛改性壳聚糖(CS)作为阴膜层,纳米TiO2光催化剂作为双极膜的中间层,在TiO2上涂布光敏剂八羟基喹啉(Oxine)以增强其光催化解离水的性能,制备了三明治式的双极膜(mCMC/TiO2-Oxine/mCSBPM)。该双极膜在紫外光照射下,具有高的水解离效率,优良的亲水性能,双极膜阻抗小,工作电压低,当工作电流密度达0.12A/cm2时,电槽工作电压小于5.0V。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号