三环已基锡R-扁桃酸酯配合物的合成、结构及性质研究

三环己基氢氧化锡与R-扁桃酸按物质的量比1:1在苯溶剂中反应合成了三环己基锡R-扁桃酸酯。经X-射线衍射方法测定了其晶体结构, 配合物属斜方晶系, 空间群为P2₁2₁2₁2₁, 晶体学参数a=0.806 41(4) nm, b=1.768 68(9) nm, c=1.834 79(8) nm, V=2.616 9(2) nm³, Z=4, D_c=1.318 g·cm^-3, (Mo Ka)=9.98 cm^-1, F(000)=1 080, R₁=0.039 0, wR₂=0.103 9。中心锡原子与环己基碳原子和氧原子构成畸型四面体。对其结构进行量子化学从头计算, 探讨了配合物的稳定性、分子轨道能量以及一些前沿分子轨道的组成特征。研究了配合物的热稳定性、荧光性质和电化学性能。     

一种电负性新标度：基态自由原子价壳层电子平均吸引能

原子吸引价电子的总能力可由基态自由原子的价电子离子化能(TIE=Σn_iE_i)及其电子亲合能(EA)之和来度量。该和值亦称为总吸引能,记为TAE=Σn_iE_i+EA,此处E_i为基态自由原子价壳层电子的离子化能,Σn_i为与之相关的价壳层电子数,EA则是电子亲合能。所指出的新电负性标度χ_CL与总吸引能TAE除以原子价壳层电子数目Σn_i之值即平均吸引能成正比：χ_CL=0.1813 AAE=0.1813 TAE/Σn_i=0.1813(Σn_iE_i+EA)/Σn_i,进一步从原子总吸引能TAE可确定其价轨道电负性。     

dSH扭曲程序的建立以及在两种基组(NBO, LFMO)下对扭曲分子的能量分解

介绍了d_SH 扭曲法产生的背景, 为d_SH扭曲法研究Mills-Nixon效应提供了一个自动化程序和方法. 通过在程序中引入随机函数模拟并代替了人工调节构型参数的过程, 提高了效率并拓宽了程序的应用范围. 利用此程序算得三元苯并分子C₆B₃H₃ 和C₆O₃的一系列的扭曲结构, 并利用自然键轨道(NBO)和定域片断分子轨道(LFMO)两种基组分别进行了NBO能量分析和Morokuma SCF能量分解, 并以动态的方式分析了扭曲过程中垂直共振能及其各分量的变化趋势, 比较了不同基组和不同分析方法下的扭曲的驱动力和阻力. 由分析知, 由于NBO基组的非绝对定域性和NBO能量分析方法的一次性对角化直接导致NBO基组及其能量分析方法在d_SH扭曲能量分析中的不合理.     

二苄基锡水杨醛缩邻氨基苯酚Schiff碱配合物的合成、结构及荧光性质研究

二苄基二氯化锡和水杨醛缩邻氨基苯酚Schiff碱按物质的量比1:1反应, 合成了二苄基锡水杨醛邻缩氨基苯酚Schiff碱配合物。经X-射线衍射方法测定了其晶体结构, 属单斜晶系, 空间群为P2₁/n, 晶体学参数a=1.110 03(3) nm, b=1.719 87(5) nm, c=1.176 09(3) nm, β=100.564 0(10)°, V=2.207 23(10) nm³, Z=4, D_c=1.541 g·cm^-3, μ(Mo Kα)=11.81 cm^-1, F(000)=1 023, R₁=0.026 8, wR₂=0.061 9, 中心锡原子为五配位的畸变三角双锥构型。对其结构进行量子化学从头计算, 探讨了配合物的稳定性、分子轨道能量以及部分前沿分子轨道的组成特征。研究了配合物的荧光性质。     

第一性原理研究MgZn2相的电子结构及磁性质

运用密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算分析了MgZn₂相的电子结构及相关磁性质。能带结构和态密度分析表明Zn4s和Zn4p轨道、Mg3s和Mg3p轨道分别发生sp态杂化,然后杂化态之间相互作用而形成Zn-Mg键;Mulliken布居分布计算显示:Zn₁-Mg(Zn₁是处于晶格边缘的Zn原子)和Zn₂-Mg(Zn₂是处于晶格内部的Zn原子)电子云重叠布居数接近0,电子密度分析显示Zn-Mg之间电子密度分布具有明显的定域性。结合上述结果与Zn、Mg原子的电负性差异,确定Zn-Mg键为极性共价键。分态密度(PDOS)分析显示,Zn₁-Mg键和Zn₂-Mg键的差异主要表现在Zn₂4s轨道在-10~-6 eV区域对成键的贡献度高于Zn₁4s轨道,而Zn₁4s轨道在2~5 eV区域对成键的贡献度高于Zn₂4s轨道。进一步对MgZn₂的积分自旋态密度和磁矩计算表明:MgZn₂磁性质表现为顺磁性,其磁性主要来源于Zn₁-Mg键中的2个自旋相同的未配对电子;MgZn₂的顺磁性特性将使Al-Zn-Mg-Cu(7xxx系)高强铝合金产生磁致塑性效应。     

钒氢化物电子结构的量子化学研究

利用电荷自洽离散变分Xα(SCC-DV-Xα)方法计算了钒基固溶体中钒氢反应前后钒及其氢化物(VHx, x=0, 1, 2)、假定原子簇模型VHx*(x=1, 2)和VHx′(x=0, 1)的电子结构. 结果表明：钒与氢气反应生成VH时, 化学效应和结构效应都使V 3d和H 1s轨道向低能量方向移动, 氢化物VH中V 3d和H 1s轨道重叠最多, V－H之间的相互作用较强。VH再与氢气反应生成VH₂时, 结构效应使V 3d和H 1s轨道都向高能量方向移动, 氢化物VH₂中V 3d和H 1s轨道重叠最少, V和H之间的相互作用较弱。氢化物VH和VH₂中不仅存在离子性相互作用, 而且还存在共价性相互作用. 结构效应导致VH₂中V－H键的共价性减弱, 从而导致VH₂中V和H之间的相互作用减弱. 氢化物VH的费米能级比VH₂的低, 说明VH更稳定.     

一维链状三(邻氟苄基)锡二茂铁甲酸酯的合成、结构和量子化学研究

二茂铁甲酸与μ-氧-双[三(邻氟苄基)锡]反应合成了一维链状三(邻氟苄基)锡二茂铁甲酸酯，经X射线衍射方法测定了化合物的晶体结构。化合物晶体属单斜晶系，空间群为P2₁/n，晶体学参数：a=1.592 4(6) nm，b=1.013 4(4) nm，c=1.748 2(7) nm，β=91.920(7)°，V=2.819 4(19) nm³，Z=4，D_c=1.590 g·cm^-3，μ(Mo Kα)=14.48 cm^-1，F(000)=1 352，R₁=0.041 8，wR₂=0.078 5；锡原子呈五配位为畸变三角双锥构型，通过二茂铁甲酸羧基桥联形成一维链状结构。对其单元结构进行量子化学从头计算，探讨了化合物的稳定性、分子轨道能量以及一些前沿分子轨道的组成特征。     

配位聚合物[Fe(HL)(H2O)]n的合成、晶体结构及磁性质

通过水热方法,采用H₃L(H₃L=2-(4-carboxypyridin-3-yl)terephthalic acid)与FeSO₄·7H₂O反应,合成了一个具有二维结构的配位聚合物[Fe(HL)(H₂O)]_n (1),并对其结构和磁性质进行了研究。结构分析结果表明该聚合物的晶体属于正交晶系,Pnna空间群,a=1.45465(11) nm,b=2.47423(15) nm,c=0.73565(4) nm,V=2.6477(3) nm³,D_c=1.802 g·cm^-3,Z=8,R=0.0468,wR=0.1256(I>2σ(I))。HL^2-配体交替连接相邻的铁(Ⅱ)离子形成了一维链结构单元,这些链又通过配体与铁(Ⅱ)离子的配位作用形成了二维层。最后这些层通过氢键作用形成了一个复杂的三维超分子框架。拓扑分析表明,配合物1具有一个双节4,4-连接的拓扑网络结构,其拓扑符号为(4³.6².8)。研究表明,该聚合物中相邻铁(Ⅱ)离子之间存在反铁磁相互作用。     

不同V型辅助配体构筑的两个镉配位聚合物的合成、结构和荧光性质

在溶剂热条件下，合成了 2 个基于 V 型辅助配体(bipmo、bppmo)的镉配位聚合物{[Cd(bipmo)(NDC)]·1.75H₂O}_n (1)和{[Cd(bppmo)(NDC)(H₂O)]·H₂O}_n (2)，其中 H2NDC=2，6 萘二羧酸，bipmo=双(4 (1H 咪唑 1 基)苯基)甲酮，bppmo=双(4 (吡啶 4 基)苯基)甲酮。利用单晶X射线衍射、键价和分析、红外光谱和元素分析对其结构进行了表征。研究发现，配合物1具有二重互穿的{63}拓扑结构。配合物2同样是 3 连接的{6³}拓扑，却存在三重穿插结构。分析表明，V型配体对最终结构的形成有很大影响。此外，对配合物1和2的发光性质也进行了详细研究。     

Lu掺杂AlN的电子结构和光学性质的第一性原理研究

为了探索 AlN在光电器件中的潜在应用,采用第一性原理计算了不同 Lu掺杂浓度(以原子分数 x表示)的 AlN(Al_1-xLu_xN)的电子结构和光学性质。研究结果表明,Al_1-xLu_xN的超胞体积随着Lu掺杂浓度的增加而增加,而带隙则相反。Al_1-xLu_xN的静态介电常数在低能区随掺杂浓度的提高而提高,随后逐渐趋向一致。随着Lu掺杂浓度的增加,反射率和吸收系数的峰值强度降低,峰值向较低能量方向移动。Al_1-xLu_xN的能量损失光谱表现出明显的等离子体振荡特性,且峰值低于本征AlN。Al_1-xLu_xN的光电导率在低能区随能量的增加而急剧增加。     

QSAR based modeling on a series of lactam fused chroman derivatives as selective 5-HT transporters

One of the most prevalent disorders in the present society is depression. The development of treatments for this disorder, beginning with the tricyclic antidepressants and leading to the development of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors, has focused on compounds that block the function of the serotonin transporter (SERT). Quantitative structure–activity relationship has been performed on a series of lactam fused chroman derivatives as selective 5-HT transporters, using different physicochemical parameters along with appropriate indicator variables. It has been found that physicochemical parameters, such as connectivity indices ⁰χ and ²χ, molecular weight (MW), Parachor (Pc), Balaban index (J), Wiener index (W) along with indicator variables are significantly correlated with activity. In this paper best results were obtained by using multiple regression analysis. Different models were generated with high values of R² and low values of PRESS/SSY ratio. The significant equations were statistically tested by using leave one out (LOO) technique and cross-validation methods.     

Outlier detection in near-infrared spectroscopic analysis by using Monte Carlo cross-validation

An outlier detection method is proposed for near-infrared spectral analysis. The underlying philosophy of the method is that,in random test(Monte Carlo) cross-validation,the probability of outliers presenting in good models with smaller prediction residual error sum of squares(PRESS) or in bad models with larger PRESS should be obviously different from normal samples. The method builds a large number of PLS models by using random test cross-validation at first,then the models are sorted by the PRESS,and at last the outliers are recognized according to the accumulative probability of each sample in the sorted models. For validation of the proposed method,four data sets,including three published data sets and a large data set of tobacco lamina,were investigated. The proposed method was proved to be highly efficient and veracious compared with the conventional leave-one-out(LOO) cross validation method.     

Experimental investigation of electrostatic particle-particle interactions in optoelectronic tweezers

This paper reports experimental and theoretical investigation of electrostatic attraction and repulsion of microparticles in an optoelectronic tweezers (OET). When we manipulate dielectric particles suspended in a fluid using OET, the electrostatic interactions of the polarized particles occur, limiting the effective manipulation of microparticles using a light-induced dielectrophoresis. In this study, we first demonstrate the electrostatic particle-particle interactions in the OET device using a liquid crystal display. At the same time, the experimental investigation of the dipole interactions between two spherical particles has been performed using the OET device. On the basis of the point-dipole model, simulation studies on the dipole forces acting on the particles and their trajectories by the forces are also performed. The experimental results show good agreement with the previously reported numerical studies as well as the results of our simulation studies.     

On the Topological Sense of Chemical Sets

We describe a mathematical methodology to endow a set of chemical interest with a topology. The procedure starts from a hierarchical classification of the set in a dendrogram (complete binary tree). Then, we cut “branches” of the tree by means of a mathematical procedure and we build up a basis for a topology with these branches. Finally, we show the way to calculate some topological properties, such as; closure, derived set, boundary, interior and exterior of subsets of chemical interest within the particular chemical set chosen at the beginning as object of study     

New rules on potential surface topology and critical point search

The topology of potential energy surfaces provides a unified framework for the study of individual molecular properties, all conformational changes as well as chemical reactions. Molecular behavior, electronic and vibrational properties, conformational freedom, reactivity bond formation and bond breaking are all energy dependent, and the potential energy surface approach provides an elegant, conceptually convenient, although rather complicated representation of this energy dependence. Topology as a mathematical tool is exceptionally suitable for the extraction of the most essential features of complicated representations. By applying topological methods for potential surface analysis, a new, global perspective of many aspects of chemistry emerges. Some of these topological results also have important practical, computational significance. A family of new topological rules and symmetry relations will be adapted for applications in low dimensional relaxed cross-sections of configuration spaces, with a special emphasis on their role in the search for critical points, primarily energy minima and saddle points of transition structures of potential energy surfaces and hypersurfaces.     

MOLMAP指数及其在变异性预测中的应用

分子映射(MOLMAP)指数是以分子的化学键描述符为基础,通过Kohonen自组织映射依据一定的算法而衍生.化学键描述符是由化学键的物理化学性质,如两端原子的电荷差和拓扑性质,键连杂原子数量等所组成.本文将分子映射指数应用于4075个有机物质(Ames实验结果:2305个结构有诱变性,1770个结构无诱变性)的变异性预测.通过随机森林,分别采用三种类型的指数建立模型:(1)采用不同维数的分子映射指数;(2)采用全局分子描述符;(3)将分子映射指数与全局分子描述符相结合.整个数据集的集外(out-of-bag)交叉验证的正确预测率达到85.4%.为了检验模型的稳定性,采用所建模型预测源于另一数据库的472个化合物,正确预测率为86.7%,与此前的研究相比,两个预测结果均有所提高.     

Topological Space of the Chemical Elements and its Properties

We carried out a mathematical study of 72 chemical elements taking advantage of the chemotopological method. We selected 128 properties to define the elements (physico-chemical, geochemical and chemical properties). Then, we looked for correlated properties and we reduced the number of them to 90. In this way we defined each element as a 90-tuple. Afterwards, we applied principal component analysis and cluster analysis (4 similarity functions and 5 grouping methodologies). Then, we calculated a consensus tree for the 20 dendrograms generated by the CA. Afterwards, we extracted the similarity relationships from the consensus tree and built up a basis for a topology on the set of chemical elements. Finally, we calculated some topological properties (closures, derived sets, boundaries, interiors and exteriors) of several subsets of chemical elements. We found that alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and noble gases appear not related to the rest of the elements. Also, we found that the boundary of non-metals are the semimetals with a stair-shape on the periodic table