QuEChERS-液相色谱/串联质谱法测定果蔬及其制品中矮壮素和缩节胺残留

建立了果蔬及其制品中矮壮素和缩节胺残留的QuEChERS-液相色谱/串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。样品以乙腈提取,经N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)和石墨化碳(GCB)净化,采用电喷雾正离子源(ESI+)、多重反应监测(MRM)模式进行测定,基质匹配标准曲线定量。结果表明:在苹果、浓缩苹果汁、番茄、番茄酱、胡萝卜、胡萝卜汁、香蕉、辣椒8种基质中,矮壮素和缩节胺在0.5~50ng/mL范围内的线性关系均较好(r2>0.997)。1、4、8、20μg/kg四个添加水平下,矮壮素的回收率在78.4%~107.8%,相对标准偏差为2.3%~7.5%;缩节胺的回收率在75.9%~100.9%,相对标准偏差为2.5%~8.6%。该法简单、准确、快速、灵敏,符合法规残留限量监测要求。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定茶叶、三七中胺苯磺隆和甲基胺苯磺隆的残留量北大核心CSCD

建立了测定茶叶、三七中胺苯磺隆和甲基胺苯磺隆残留量的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法。样品经超纯水浸泡,乙腈提取,QuEChERS净化,Phenomenex Kinetex C 18色谱柱(50×2.1 mm,2.6μm)分离,液相色谱-串联质谱法检测,基质匹配外标法定量。胺苯磺隆和甲基胺苯磺隆在1.0 ng/mL~100 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数R均大于0.999,方法的检出限(S/N=3)为0.07μg/kg~0.20μg/kg,定量限(S/N=10)为0.21μg/kg~0.60μg/kg。在5μg/kg~100μg/kg范围的回收实验中,胺苯磺隆平均回收率为70.8%~108.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为3.3%~11.4%;甲基胺苯磺隆平均回收率为70.2%~105.5%,RSD(n=6)为2.9%~10.6%。本方法前处理简单、稳定、灵敏,适用于茶叶、三七中胺苯磺隆和甲基胺苯磺隆残留量的同时测定。     

固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法检测小鼠肌肉组织中矮壮素

建立了快速检测小鼠肌肉组织中矮壮素的固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱(SPE-LC-MS/MS)方法。小鼠肌肉样品经乙腈提取,弱阳离子交换(WCX)固相萃取柱净化,3 mL甲酸-甲醇(1∶99,V/V)重力洗脱。采用亲水作用色谱柱(HILIC),含10 mmol/L乙酸铵、0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈(40∶60,V/V)为流动相,以电喷雾正离子(ESI+)、多反应监测模式(MRM)进行矮壮素的定性分析,采用基质标准曲线外标法进行定量分析。结果表明:矮壮素的线性范围为5.0～500.0μg/L,线性相关系数为0.9991。在10.0,100.0和200.0μg/kg添加浓度下的回收率为73.2%～82.3%;相对标准偏差小于9.3%;方法定量限为10.0μg/kg,能够满足小鼠肌肉组织中痕量矮壮素检测的要求。     

液相色谱–串联质谱法测定蔬菜中6种极性农药残留量

建立了百草枯、敌草快、矮壮素、缩节胺、单甲脒、灭蝇胺6种极性农药的液相色谱–串联质谱测定方法。采用SCX和C_(18)复合填料(质量比为1∶20)的Shiseido CAPCELL PAK CR色谱柱分离,用超高压液相色谱–串联质谱仪测定。利用响应面法优化得到样品的前处理条件,蔬菜样品用甲酸–乙腈溶液均质提取,三氯甲烷液–液萃取净化,在定量限的1,2,10倍浓度水平,回收率在61.7%~116.8%之间,测定结果的相对标准偏差不大于13.6%(n=6)。该法适用于蔬菜中百草枯、敌草快、矮壮素、缩节胺、单甲脒、灭蝇胺残留量的测定。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定辣椒及辣椒制品中金刚烷胺残留

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)测定辣椒及辣椒制品中金刚烷胺残留的分析方法。样品采用1%三氯乙酸溶液-甲醇(1∶1)提取,经Oasis-MCX固相萃取小柱净化后用Atlantis T3 C18柱进行分离,以0.1%甲酸水-乙腈(85∶15)作为流动相进行等度洗脱,电喷雾正离子(ESI+)扫描方式下多反应监测(MRM)模式对样品进行检测。实验结果表明,金刚烷胺在1.0~50μg/kg范围内线性关系良好,鲜辣椒样品的定量下限为1.0μg/kg,干辣椒及干辣椒制品为5.0μg/kg。鲜辣椒在1.0,2.0,5.0μg/kg加标水平下的回收率为72.2%~98.2%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.2%~4.6%;干辣椒及干辣椒制品在5.0,10.0,25.0μg/kg加标水平的回收率为64.2%~81.6%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.3%~6.3%。该方法操作简单、灵敏度高、重现性好,可用于辣椒及辣椒制品中金刚烷胺残留量的检测。     

超声萃取/气相色谱-质谱联用法同时测定皮革及其制品中21种有害有机溶剂的残留量

建立了气相色谱-质谱/选择离子监测方法,对皮革及其制品中21种有害有机溶剂的残留量进行了同时测定。该方法以乙酸乙酯为萃取溶剂,45℃下超声萃取皮革及其制品中残留的有害有机溶剂,萃取液经固相萃取柱净化后进行气相色谱-质谱/选择离子监测法分析,外标法定量。结果表明,在信噪比(S/N)为10的条件下,乙二醇二丁醚(EGDBE)、三乙二醇二甲醚(TEGDME)、二乙二醇单丁醚(DEGBE)和三乙二醇单乙醚(TEGEE)的定量下限均为50μg/kg,N-甲基乙酰胺(MA)和N-甲基甲酰胺(MF)的定量下限均为150μg/kg,甲酰胺的定量下限为300μg/kg,其余14种组分的定量下限均为100μg/kg。在3个不同加标水平下,方法的平均加标回收率为82.1%~94.9%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=9)为1.6%~4.8%。该方法简单快捷,灵敏度高,可用于皮革及其制品中有害有机溶剂残留量的测定。     

离子色谱法(IC)分析小麦中的矮壮素和缩结胺

建立了离子交换色谱-直接电导法同时测定小麦中矮壮素和缩结胺残留的分析方法。样品磨碎超声提取后,过固相萃取(SPE)柱去除蛋白质,用0.22μm膜过滤,进样检测。考察了不同的阳离子色谱柱SH-CC-1、SH-CC-2、SH-CC-3,不同的淋洗液对矮壮素、缩结胺的保留时间和分离度的影响。确定了最佳色谱条件为SH-CC-3阳离子色谱柱,直接电导检测,淋洗液选用甲烷磺酸(3.0mmol/L)分离;流速1.0mL/min;柱温40℃;进样量100μL。在此条件下,矮壮素及缩结胺在0.20～20.0mg/L范围内,线性相关系数r均大于0.999,矮壮素和缩结胺的检出限分别为0.070和0.073mg/L,矮壮素、缩结胺的加标回收率分别为76.0%～93.8%和74.9%～91.2%,相对标准偏差在4.2%以下。方法选择性好,灵敏度高,抗干扰能力强,适用于检测小麦中矮壮素和缩结胺的含量。     

高效液相色谱-荧光检测法分析麦类中麦角克列斯汀碱

提出了一种采用高效液相色谱-荧光检测法(HPLC-FLD)测定麦类样品中麦角克列斯汀碱的方法。麦类样品经V(乙腈)∶V(0.1 mol/L乙酸铵缓冲溶液)=1∶4提取,以C18小柱净化,C18色谱柱(4.6×250 mm,5μm)分离,V(水)∶V(乙腈)=3∶2作流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,以HPLC-FLD定量测定。标准工作溶液浓度在1.0~50.0μg/L范围内,与峰面积成良好的线性关系,线性相关系数0.9999,样品在10.0、50.0、250.0μg/kg添加水平的回收率为76%~85%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为6.6%~8.8%(n=8),方法检测限为5.0μg/kg(S/N10)。     

鱼组织中氟苯尼考及其代谢物氟苯尼考胺的检测

建立了斑点叉尾鱼回(Ictalurus punctatus)体内各组织中氟苯尼考及氟苯尼考胺的检测方法。组织中加入磷酸盐缓冲液,丙酮提取,加入CH2Cl2分层,弃去上层水相,正己烷脱脂等样品处理过程;V(乙腈)∶V(0.01 mol/L NaH2PO4)(含0.005 mol/L十二烷基硫酸钠和0.10%三乙胺)=2∶3溶液为流动相,紫外检测波长为225 nm。方法在0.01~10.00 mg/L浓度范围内呈线性关系,相关系数r=0.9997。平均回收率为76.00%~92.04%,相对标准偏差为0.41%~9.2%,氟苯尼考和氟苯尼考胺在血浆、肌肉、皮肤的检出限分别为30、25μg/L,20、15μg/kg,50、50μg/kg。方法适用于氟苯尼考在鱼体内药代动力学研究和氟苯尼考及其代谢物氟苯尼考胺在鱼体肌肉和皮肤组织中残留量的同时检测。     

固相萃取/超高压液相色谱-质谱/质谱联用技术测定土壤与灌溉水中的矮壮素及缩节胺

采用固相萃取技术对土壤和灌溉用水中的矮壮素及缩节胺进行富集处理,并对固相萃取柱的类型和淋洗条件进行优化,采用超高压液相色谱-质谱/质谱联用技术对富集样品进行分离检测.结果表明,灌溉水中矮壮素和缩节胺的加标水平为0.05、0.10、0.20μg/L时,回收率分别为73%～83%和76%～81%,相对标准偏差分别为9.2%...     

Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil

A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg^?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl).     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望

对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述，包括：微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。     

Ferrocene and ferrocenium modified clays and their styrene and EVA composites

In this work, ferrocene- and ferrocenium-containing salts were employed to modify montmorillonite. X-ray measurements show an increase in the interlayer spacing upon clay modification, which means that the larger and more organophilic cations were inserted into the gallery space of montmorillonite. Attempts to prepare nanocomposites of polystyrene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers lead to immiscible systems; the morphology of these systems was elucidated with TEM, XRD and cone calorimetry. The thermal stability of the composites is greater than that of the virgin polymer.     

Synthesis and Optical and Redox Properties of Symmetric and Asymmetric BODIPYs

Herein, we present the synthetic route and the photophysical, electrochemical as well as laser properties of novel red‐emitting boron‐dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) bearing arylethyne moieties. Such functionality is added along the main axis of the chromophore leading to single‐ and double‐substituted derivatives. The relationship between the dye structure and the lasing properties is studied in detail with the help of the photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as quantum mechanical simulations. The asymmetric substitution of the parent dye induces inhomogeneities in the charge distribution, which leads to an overall loss of the fluorescence capacity, mainly in polar media. Such non‐radiative deactivation processes can be softened by decreasing the electron‐donor ability of the substituent or even avoided by symmetrical substitution. Thus, grafting of the arylethyne moieties at the longitudinal axis of the indacene core results in an effective strategy to develop red‐edge BODIPYs with highly efficient and photostable laser emission.     

Conformations and steric and stacking interactions of trisubstituted ureas and thioureas with alkyl and phenyl groups

The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of various trisubstituted ureas of the R₂UPh type and -thioureas of the R₂TUPh type have been studied. The trans—out isomerism in the former and the trans—out—cis isomerism in the latter are discussed from the point of view of steric effect. The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of RPhUPh and RPhTUPh are also examined. The single band appearing in the spectrum of both ureas is characteristic of the cis form; this suggests the existence of phenyl—phenyl interaction (the stacking interaction proposed by Galabov et al. [10]). Behavior of ν(N—H) vibrations at several concentrations is shown to be clearly different in the three forms (trans, out and cis). The presence of the cis form is confirmed by solvent effect experiments.     

Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的物相结构与组分优化设计

Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB₅型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。     

钒与糖代谢及糖尿病

微量元素钒作为生物体内必需元素，经证实有很重要的生理学功能，与机体糖代谢有十分密切的关系，且能降低糖尿病动物模型的高血糖，极有可能被开发为治疗糖尿病的药物。     

含茂基苯并三氮唑基镧系有机配合物的合成及表征

三茂基镧系化合物和苯并三氮唑在四氢呋喃中反应,合成了7个未见文献报道的含茂基苯并三氮唑基镧系有机配合物,经元素分析、IR和MS测定,从有关数据推测了这类配合物的可能结构。