稀土离子4fn-15d组态的配位场理论

基于配位场理论方法,以4f15d1组态为例,阐明了稀土离子4fn-15d组态的谱项、支谱项及其相应的波函数和能量的研究方案;推导出4fn-15d组态在S4点群对称晶体场作用下的配位场势函数和光谱跃迁选律;得出一些有关4fn-15d组态的能级能量的定性结论。     

4fN-15d组态自旋允许与禁戒跃迁能级的研究

通过稀土光谱理论，计算了三价稀土离子的4f^N-15d组态能级的f与d电子间的库仑相互作用，结果表明对于重稀土元素，其自旋允许跃迁能级位置高于自旋禁戒跃迁能级位置，并且两种能级间的能级差随f电子数的增加而依次减小。对于轻稀土元素,则自旋禁戒跃迁能级位置高于自旋允许跃迁能级位置。结果很好地解释了自旋禁戒跃迁能级的光谱现象。     

LnBaB_9O_(16)︰Pr~(3+)(Ln=La,Y)中Pr~(3+)的双光子发射

在216 nm 紫外光激发下, LaBaB9O16︰Pr3+中的Pr3+离子可以发生双光子发射; 稀土离子在LaBaB9O16中处于非中心对称格位, Pr3+ 离子的4f5d能态高于1S0能级, 可以发生从1S0能级到中间能态及基态的双光子跃迁发射; LaBaB9O16中与稀土离子近邻的硼酸根离子为BO4, 相应的B-O振动频率较低, 3P0与1D2之间的无辐射跃迁几率比较小, 可以出现从3P0能级的发射. 在YBaB9O16中, Pr3+ 的4f5d能态低于1S0能级, 不能发生双光子发射.     

LnBaB9O16:Pr3+(Ln = La, Y)中Pr3+的双光子发射

在216nm紫外光激发下,LaBaB9O16:Pr3+中的Pr3+离子可以发生双光子发射;稀土离子在LaBaB9O16中处于非中心对称格位,Pr3+离子的4f5d能态高于1S0能级,可以发生从1S0能级到中间能态及基态的双光子跃迁发射;LaBaB9O16中与稀土离子近邻的硼酸根离子为BO4,相应的B-O振动频率较低,3P0与1D2之间的无辐射跃迁几率比较小,可以出现从3P0能级的发射.在YBaB9O16中,Pr3+的4f5d能态低于1S0能级,不能发生双光子发射.     

UF6分子的模型伸缩振动能级的计算

利用一个四参数非线性模型,对处于电子基态下的XY6型分子的X-Y键的伸缩振动进行了描述,并将其应用于计算UF6分子中U-F键的伸缩振动能级.计算中引入的模型Hamilton算符所包含的描述U-F键非谐振动的参数λ和描述U-F键之间的偶极-偶极相互作用参数ε1, ε2由实验值得出,波函数|ψn〉按形式为|n,α〉=|n1〉|n2〉|n3〉|n4〉|n5〉|n6〉的基函数集展开,从而把复杂的Hamilton方程转化为简单的矩阵代数方程.结果显示,该非线性模型能够较好地描述UF6分子的振动( 计算误差在1.0 cm-1之内 ),同时合理地预测了一些至今还未观测到的能级值.     

SrAl12O19:Pr3+中1S0能级的电子-振动跃迁

稀土离子Pr^3＋ 4f^2组态中的的高激发态1S0的光谱性质与其他4f^2能级有显著的差别.分析了SrAl12O19：Pr的^1S0→1I6和^1S0→^1D2发射光谱,跃迁分别属于Δ过程和M过程; 指认了其中的零声子线和电子-振动跃迁线.这两组跃迁中,电子-振动跃迁强度与零声子跃迁强度之比大于文献中报道的低激发态中的值,表明^1S0与4f5d态的混杂增强了它的电子-声子耦合.     

铁原子与氮分子间的相互作用——单侧双配位构型

用密度泛函理论的B3LYP/6-311+G(d)方法对单侧双配位FeN2体系(简记为S-FeN2)不同自旋多重度的稳定态、范德华力作用态和过渡态的多个电子态的几何结构、电子结构、能量和振动频率进行了计算比较研究. 结果表明, S-FeN2体系三种自旋态间, Fe—N 距离R1和N—N 距离R2值均比较接近; 能量最低的是15B2态, 相近态有15B1、13B1和13B2, 彼此能差约25 kJ·mol-1. 三重态电子结构复杂, 单重态能量普遍偏高; 基组态Fe原子与N2间存在强的σ-π电子对排斥而无有效轨道重叠和电子转移, 其它组态4s13d7、4s13d64p1和3d74p1, Fe 和N2间发生σ(sd)-π和π-π*轨道重叠作用, 有少量电子转移, 体系呈现一定的离子性特征, 活化N2键长基本不超过120 pm. Fe 原子的电子单或双重被激发到由N2反键轨道为主要成分的分子轨道上时, 能使N2活化到单键程度甚至解离.     

过渡金属与过渡金属氧化物间的相互作用

本文用原子球近似(ASA)法计算了4d过渡金属及3d过渡金属氧化物(MO)的电子结构,得出了它们相应的s、p、d能带宽度、能带位置和费米能级E_F,给出了它们相应的能带结构简图。 应用能带计算结果,根据金属与半导体氧化物间电荷传递原理,讨论了4d过渡金属与3d过渡金属氧化物间的相互作用,揭示了它们之间在相互作用时的电荷传递方向及相互作用强度随周期而变化的基本规律。     

理论研究二米基硼B(Mes)2位置异构对Ir(III)配合物Ir(ppy)2(acac)的光物理性质的影响

采用DFT/TDDFT方法研究了二米基硼B（Mes）₂基团修饰的一类Ir（ppy）₂（acac）配合物1～3的光物理性质. 计算了电子结构,吸收和发射光谱以及自旋轨道耦合矩阵< T₁^α|H_SOC|S_n >和辐射跃迁速率（k_r）,探讨了取代基位置不同对磷光辐射和非辐射跃迁性质的影响. 研究结果表明：向ppy配体的吡啶环引入B（Mes）₂基团,能够加强金属铱（Ir）与配体乙酰丙酮（acac）的相互作用,减小单-三重态能级差ΔE（S₁-T₁）,提高系间窜跃速率和磷光辐射跃迁速率. 向ppy配体的苯环引入B（Mes）₂基团则增大了S₀与T₁的结构变形和自旋轨道耦合矩阵< S₀|H_SOC|T₁ >,使非辐射跃迁速率增加. B（Mes）₂基团位置异构,导致金属d轨道分裂方式不同,其在三个方向的自旋轨道耦合作用不同,辐射跃迁和非辐射跃迁都随之改变. 从理论上解释了通过对ppy配体的吡啶环修饰可获得高磷光量子产率的原因.     

更正说明

<正>本刊2017年第13期第11页图3原子轨道能级图中,4s轨道的能量高于3d轨道的能量是错误的,应该是3d轨道的能量高。本刊2017年第15期第49页图1分子间色散力的表示有错误,应该用下图表示:本刊2017年第15期第50页图5甲醇分子间的氢键的表示有错误,没有注意到氢键的方向性:"当Y     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.