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1.
人血白蛋白制品中超痕量铝的测定   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
建立了浊点萃取石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定人血白蛋白样品中超痕量铝的新方法。探讨了溶液酸度、络合剂的种类及浓度、非离子表面活性剂的浓度、平衡时间及温度等因素对浊点萃取过程的影响。以1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚为络合剂,Triton X-114为非离子表面活性剂,浊点萃取分离富集10mL样品溶液,Al(Ⅲ)的富集倍数为34.8,在最佳工作条件下,铝的检出限为0.06μg/L;样品测定的相对标准偏差(n=7)为3.6%,加标回收率95.6%~98.4%。方法适合人血白蛋白样品中超痕量铝的分析测定。  相似文献   

2.
浊点萃取-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水样中痕量铜的研究   总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19  
提出了浊点萃取火焰原子吸收光谱法测定痕量铜的新方法。详细探讨了溶液pH,试剂浓度等实验条件对浊点萃取及测定灵敏度的影响,在最佳下,富集50mL样品溶液,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定,铜的检测限为0.35μg/L,铜的富集倍率为71倍。方法用于自来水、河水及海水中痕量铜的测定。  相似文献   

3.
浊点萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定环境样品中的镉   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
建立了浊点萃取分离富集石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定环境样品中痕量镉的方法.浊点萃取选择8-羟基喹啉为螯合剂,Triton X-100为表面活性剂.在pH 8~9、0.01%8-羟基喹啉和0.2%-Triton X-100、80 ℃水浴20 min的优化条件下,所建立方法的检出限为2.5 ng/L; 加标回收率为94.6%~106.2%; 对样品溶液进行富集的富集因子为17.利用该方法分别测定了2个实际水样和2个国家标准参考物质中的总镉含量,结果令人满意.  相似文献   

4.
非螯合物浊点萃取-石墨炉原子吸收法测定水中痕量铊(Ⅲ)   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
建立不需形成螯合物的浊点萃取-石墨炉原子吸收法测定水中铊Ⅲ的新方法。用浊点萃取技术富集水中铊Ⅲ,石墨炉原子吸收法测定。经考察,浊点萃取环境水体中铊Ⅲ的最优条件为pH12,90℃水浴2h,Triton X-114浓度2.0g/L;在优化后实验条件下,方法测定铊Ⅲ的检出限为0.018μg/L;相对标准偏差为8.89%~13.7%(C=0.1μg/L及1.0μg/L,n=7);加标回收率为98.0%~101%。本法适于水中痕量铊Ⅲ的测定。  相似文献   

5.
浊点萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定环境样品中的痕量镉   总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21  
研究了浊点萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法(GFAAS)测定痕量镉的新方法,利用表面活性剂Triton X-100和络合剂1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚(PAN)对镉进行浊点萃取。详细探讨了影响浊点萃取及测定灵敏度的因素。优化条件为:0.25 mL 30%NaC l,pH 8.5,0.50 mL、4.0×10-4mol/L PAN,0.2 mL 1.0%TritonX-100。在最佳条件下,镉的富集倍率为50倍,检出限为5.9 ng/L,RSD为2.1%。该方法用于环境样中痕量镉的富集和测定,结果令人满意。  相似文献   

6.
建立了浊点萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法(GFAAS)测定痕量金属钯的新方法,利用表面活性剂Triton X-114和络合剂2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺(5-Br-PADMA)对钯进行浊点萃取。研究了溶液pH、试剂浓度、平衡温度和加热时间等因素对浊点萃取及测定灵敏度的影响。优化条件为:pH 5.50 HAc-NaAc缓冲,0.08 mL 5×10-4 mol/L 5-Br-PADMA,0.70 mL10g/L Triton X-114。在最佳条件下,方法的线性范围为0.1~10 ng/mL,钯的检出限为0.068 ng/mL,富集倍率为45倍。该方法可用于环境样品中痕量钯的富集和测定,结果令人满意。  相似文献   

7.
浊点萃取-氢化物发生原子吸收光谱法测痕量汞   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
提出了浊点萃取预富集氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定痕量汞的新方法。详细探讨了溶液pH值、表面活性剂浓度、平衡时间等因素对浊点萃取效果的影响。在优化的实验条件下,该法对汞的富集倍数为20倍,检出限为0.039μg/L,相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.8%(n=11)。所建立的方法用于天然水中痕量汞的测定,分析结果满意。  相似文献   

8.
建立了浊点萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定环境水样中痕量Cd(Ⅱ)的方法。Cd(Ⅱ)可与8-羟基喹啉生成螯合物,通过水浴加热,螯合物被萃取到Triton X-45表面活性剂相,经离心与水相分离。在单因素基础上,采用L27(313)正交试验方法优化浊点萃取条件,详细探讨了溶液pH、试剂加入量、水浴温度和时间等实验条件对浊点萃取的影响。在最优条件下,Cd(Ⅱ)在0.05~0.50μg/L范围与吸光度有良好的线性关系,方法检出限为1.7ng/L,相对标准偏差为0.54%(n=6),加标回收率为96.2%~101.5%,对于10mL样品溶液其富集倍数为18.4。建立的方法可用于环境水样中痕量Cd(Ⅱ)的测定。  相似文献   

9.
浊点萃取预富集火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水样中痕量钴   总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17  
本文提出了浊点萃取预富集火焰原子吸收光谱法测定痕量钴的新方法。详细研究了溶液pH值、络合剂和表面活性剂浓度、平衡温度和时间等条件对浊点萃取效果的影响。在优化的实验条件下,本法对钴的富集倍数为20倍,检出限为3.28ng/mL,相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.1%(n=10)。所建立的方法用于自来水、湖水中痕量钴的测定,分析结果满意。  相似文献   

10.
以2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺(5-Br-PADMA)为螯合剂,Triton X-114为萃取剂,建立了浊点萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定超痕量Cu(Ⅱ)的新方法。研究了溶液pH、螯合剂和表面活性剂浓度、平衡温度和时间等因素对浊点萃取的影响。优化条件为:pH=5.0 HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液,0.35 mL 5.0×10-4 mol/L 5-BrPADMA,1.0mL 1.0%Triton X-114,60℃保温15min。方法的线性范围为0.05~4.0ng/mL,检出限为0.017ng/mL,相对标准偏差为3.1%(n=10),富集因子为48。方法用于水样中痕量Cu(Ⅱ)的测定,加标回收率在97.0%~102.0%之间。  相似文献   

11.
The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.  相似文献   

12.
非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。  相似文献   

13.
翟宗玺  刘树深  夏树屏 《化学学报》1990,48(10):946-950
用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。  相似文献   

14.
Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.  相似文献   

15.

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

  相似文献   

16.
Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position.  相似文献   

17.
In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.  相似文献   

18.
Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, Mo, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

19.
20.
The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of hematite Fe2O3. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the best fitting experimental data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

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