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1.
通过模板法制备了一种新型耐甲醇氧还原电催化剂——氮掺杂中空碳微球@铂纳米粒子复合材料(HNCMS@PtNPs)。首先,将铂纳米粒子负载于氨基化二氧化硅微球上,获得PtNPs/SiO_2复合材料。然后通过多巴胺自聚合反应在PtNPs/SiO_2复合材料上包裹聚多巴胺(PDA)膜,将其在氮气气氛中直接进行碳化处理并通过氢氟酸溶液刻蚀去除SiO_2,获得了内嵌有PtNPs的氮掺杂中空碳微球,标记为HNCMS@PtNPs复合材料。采用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、拉曼光谱仪、比表面积分析仪和X射线光电子能谱仪对HNCMS@PtNPs复合材料的形貌和结构进行了表征。采用循环伏安法和线性扫描伏安法研究了HNCMS@PtNPs复合材料的电催化氧还原性能。结果表明:HNCMS@PtNPs催化剂的Pt载量高达11.9%(w,质量分数),对氧还原反应具有高电催化活性、高稳定性和优良的抗甲醇性能,是一种具有应用潜力的直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFCs)阴极电催化剂。  相似文献   

2.
使用硼氢化钠共还原法制备40% (w)铂/石墨烯电催化剂用于氧还原反应. 通过循环伏安测试发现, 这种方法制备所得铂/石墨烯催化剂对氧还原反应活性较铂/碳催化剂差, 但稳定性有所提高. 在稳定性测试中,铂/石墨烯电催化性能衰减为50%, 较铂/碳(79%)好. X射线衍射(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)表征发现在铂/石墨烯催化剂中两者存在明显交互作用, 这可能是阻止石墨烯再堆垛和防止铂颗粒团聚的主要原因. 通过对单电池性能测试也发现铂/石墨烯催化剂更有利于电池长期稳定.  相似文献   

3.
采用软模板法制备了氮化钨-钨/掺氮有序介孔碳复合材料(WN-W/NOMC),作为一种高比表面积且价格低廉的阴极氧还原反应催化剂。通过适量添加尿素来改变复合材料中的氮含量,在掺氮量为7%(w/w)时,实验发现材料能够保持完整有序介孔结构,测试其比表面积高达835 m~2·g~(-1),透射电子显微镜(TEM)测试结果显示其催化颗粒均匀地分散在氮掺杂有序介孔碳载体上。在O_2饱和的0.1 mol·L~(-1 )KOH溶液中测试了材料的氧还原催化性能(ORR),显示其起始电位为0.87 V(vs RHE),极限电流密度为4.49 mA·cm~(-2),氧还原反应的转移电子数为3.4,接近于20%(w/w)商业Pt/C的3.8,说明该材料表现出近似4电子的氧还原反应途径。研究结果表明,WN-W/NOMC的催化性能虽然稍弱于商业铂碳(0.99 V,5.1 mA·cm~(-2)),但其具有远超铂碳的循环稳定性和耐甲醇毒化能力。  相似文献   

4.
合成了直接甲醇燃料电池的Ir-Fe/C阴极催化剂, 用X射线衍射(XRD)谱和X射线能量色散谱(EDS)等方法对该催化剂进行表征, 研究了碳载Ir-Fe(Ir-Fe/C)催化剂对氧还原的电催化活性和抗甲醇能力. 研究发现, 氧在碳载Ir(Ir/C)和Ir-Fe/C催化剂电极上还原的起始氧还原电位分别为0.57和0.65 V. 在0.2 V下的电流密度分别为4.6和5.8 mA/cm2, 表明Ir-Fe/C催化剂对氧还原的电催化性能要优于Ir/C催化剂, 而且Ir-Fe/C催化剂也有很好的抗甲醇能力.  相似文献   

5.
用循环伏安法在玻碳电极上制备出铂-氢钨青铜(Pt-HxWO3)催化剂,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、Raman光谱和循环伏安法研究了催化剂的组成、结构及其对甲醇氧化的催化作用.结果表明,Pt-HxWO3的活性与制备溶液中铂与钨原子比及酸度有关,与相同条件下制备的纯铂(Pt)催化剂相比,Pt-HxWO3对甲醇的氧化有更强的催化活性.当制备溶液中铂和钨的原子比为1:8时,得到的催化剂Pt-HxWO3中铂与钨原子比为4:1,其催化活性最佳,甲醇氧化电流是Pt作为催化剂时的1.7倍.Pt-HxWO3的强催化活性归因于其抗CO中毒能力,CO在Pt-HxWO3上氧化起始电位提前了 50 mV.  相似文献   

6.
用循环伏安法在玻碳电极上制备出铂-氢钨青铜(Pt-HxWO3)催化剂, 用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、Raman光谱和循环伏安法研究了催化剂的组成、结构及其对甲醇氧化的催化作用. 结果表明, Pt-HxWO3的活性与制备溶液中铂与钨原子比及酸度有关, 与相同条件下制备的纯铂(Pt)催化剂相比, Pt-HxWO3对甲醇的氧化有更强的催化活性. 当制备溶液中铂和钨的原子比为1:8时, 得到的催化剂Pt-HxWO3中铂与钨原子比为4:1, 其催化活性最佳, 甲醇氧化电流是Pt作为催化剂时的1.7倍. Pt-HxWO3的强催化活性归因于其抗CO中毒能力, CO在Pt-HxWO3上氧化起始电位提前了50 mV.  相似文献   

7.
制备了纳米碳材料负载铂的催化剂,通过N2吸附、TEM、XRD技术分别对载体的BET比表面积和催化剂结构、形貌和粒径大小进行了表征。考察了不同催化剂在环己烷脱氢反应中的催化性能以及温度对纳米碳颗粒负载铂催化剂活性的影响。结果表明,锚定在不同碳载体上的铂有较好的分散性,粒径较小,粒度分布范围较窄并且具有相同的晶型结构。孔状纳米碳颗粒负载铂催化剂的活性高于碳纳米管和高比表面的活性炭负载铂催化剂,并且在低温条件下已经显示了较高的活性,尤其是中空碳颗粒负载铂催化剂在环己烷脱氢反应中显示了好的活性和稳定性。  相似文献   

8.
对清洁能源替代品的迫切需求推动了人们对燃料电池以及电极催化剂的研究。近年来以改性碳基材料为载体的铂和铂合金催化剂,由于其在大多数燃料电池中性能优异而受到广泛关注。与甲醇和乙醇相比,乙二醇 (Ethylene glycol, EG)很容易从生物质和可再生能源中生产,并且具有优异的反应性能及更高的安全性,是一种很有吸引力的燃料。本文综述了近年来酸性和碱性直接乙二醇燃料电池(Direct ethylene glycol fuel cells, DEGFC)的研究进展,包括DEGFC的结构、铂与不同铂合金在EG中电氧化机理、碳负载铂和铂基EG氧化电催化剂应用特点以及其组装成单电池的性能等等。最后指出了DEGFC发展中需要解决的问题并对未来前景进行了展望。  相似文献   

9.
以介孔硅SBA-15为模板, 糠醇为碳源制备了高度有序的介孔碳(CMK-5), 并用微波法合成碳负载的铂纳米粒子的催化剂. 为改善铂微粒的分散性能, 在微波碳载过程中添加了适量的阳离子表面活性剂(CTAB). XRD和TEM测试结果表明, CTAB的加入改善了铂催化剂的分散性, 且使铂微粒的平均粒径降至2.9 nm左右. 循环伏安测试结果显示, 加入CTAB后所得Pt/CMK-5催化剂的电化学活性面积大于未加CTAB的以及商业Johnson Matthey公司的Pt/C催化剂的活性面积.  相似文献   

10.
《电化学》2016,(2)
本文通过水热预处理,利用热解工艺从蚕茧中成功地制备了一种高性能的掺杂碳基催化剂.研究了制备条件及氟原子掺杂对催化剂性能的影响.在最优化条件下制备出的氮氟共掺杂碳基催化剂具有超过1000 m~2·g~(-1)的比表面积,N元素和F元素含量可达3.5%及7.3%.在碱性条件下,所制备的催化剂具有可与商业铂碳催化剂相媲美的氧还原催化活性,同时展示出优异的抗甲醇中毒性能及稳定性.F原子的掺杂对催化剂性能的提高效果显著.  相似文献   

11.
制备了一种H2Pc-Pt/C纳米复合物催化剂,采用TEM,XRD和ICP对其组成与结构进行了表征.研究结果表明,在含有0.5 mol/L甲醇的硫酸溶液中,H2Pc-Pt/C-Nation(R)催化电极催化氧还原反应的起始电位比由商品化Pt/C-JM与Nafion(R)制备的Pt/C-JM-Nafion(R)催化电极提高...  相似文献   

12.
A newly designed and fabricated novel three dimensional (3D) nanocomposite composed of single‐crystal Pt nanowires (PtNW) and a coaxial nanocable support consisting of a tin nanowire and a carbon nanotube (Sn@CNT) is reported. This nanocomposite is fabricated by the synthesis of Sn@CNT nanocables by means of a thermal evaporation method, followed by the direct growth with PtNWs through a facile aqueous solution approach at room temperature. Electrochemical measurements demonstrate that the PtNW? Sn@CNT 3D electrode exhibits enhanced electrocatalytic performance in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), methanol oxidation (MOR) for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), and CO tolerance compared with commercial ETEK Pt/C catalyst made of Pt nanoparticles.  相似文献   

13.
A facile, one-step reduction route was developed to synthesize Pd-rich carbon-supported Pd–Pt alloy electrocatalysts of different Pd/Pt atomic ratios. As-prepared Pd–Pt/C catalysts exhibit a single phase fcc structure and an expansion lattice parameter. Comparison of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on the Pd–Pt/C alloy catalysts indicates that the Pd3Pt1/C bimetallic catalyst exhibits the highest ORR activity among all the Pd–Pt alloy catalysts and shows a comparative ORR activity with the commercial Pt/C catalyst. Moreover, all the Pd–Pt alloy catalysts exhibited much higher methanol tolerance during the ORR than the commercial Pt/C catalyst. High methanol tolerance of the Pd–Pt alloy catalysts could be attributed to the weak adsorption of methanol induced by the composition effect, to the presence of Pd atoms and to the formation of Pd-based alloys.  相似文献   

14.
甲醇对炭载铂和四羧基酞菁钴催化氧还原动力学的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
运用旋转圆盘电极技术和线性扫描伏安方法研究比较了甲醇对炭载铂(Pt/C)和800 ℃热处理的炭载四羧基酞菁钴(CoPcTc/C)催化氧还原动力学的影响.结果表明,对于Pt/C催化剂,在大于0.64 V和小于0.18 V(vs SCE)的电位范围,甲醇的氧化和氧的还原互不影响,而在其它电位范围,甲醇使Pt/C催化氧还原的性能严重降低.对于800 ℃热处理的CoPcTc/C,在整个电位范围内,甲醇的存在对氧还原都没有影响,是一种活性较高、耐甲醇能力强的氧还原电催化剂.  相似文献   

15.
It was reported for the first time that phosphorictungstenic acid (PWA) could promote the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and inhibit the methanol oxidation reaction at the cathodic Pt/C catalyst in the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). When the weight ratio of PWA to Pt/C is 1, the composite catalyst increases the reduction current of oxygen by about 38% and decreases the oxidation current of methanol by about 76% compared with that of the Pt/C catalyst.  相似文献   

16.
We have demonstrated a new, cost effective synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotube supported Pt–Fe core–shell alloy catalyst (Pt–Fe/SWNT) for the direct methanol fuel cell using galvanic exchange reaction. The Pt–Fe/SWNTs have shown much larger Pt active surface area (150 m2/g-Pt) than the commercial catalyst (54 m2/g-Pt). Furthermore, four-fold enhancement of catalytic activity of the Pt–Fe/SWNTs for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has been observed. This catalyst has also demonstrated its tolerance to methanol in ORR.  相似文献   

17.
Iron (II) phthalocyanine coated on single-walled carbon nanotubes was synthesized as a non-noble electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The composite exhibited higher activity than the commercial Pt/C catalyst, and excellent anti-crossover effect for methanol oxidation in the ORR.  相似文献   

18.
Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst supported by hybrid composite materials is prepared by well-mixing carbon black (CB) with Pt-loaded reduced graphene oxide (RGO). With the insertion of CB particles between RGO sheets, stacking of RGO can be effectively prevented, promoting diffusion of oxygen molecules through the RGO sheets and enhancing the ORR electrocatalytic activity. The accelerated durability test (ADT) demonstrates that the hybrid supporting material can dramatically enhance the durability of the catalyst and retain the electrochemical surface area (ECSA) of Pt: the final ECSA of the Pt nanocrystal on the hybrid support after 20?000 ADT cycles is retained at >95%, much higher than the commercially available catalyst. We suggest that the unique 2D profile of the RGO functions as a barrier, preventing leaching of Pt into the electrolyte, and the CB in the vicinity acts as active sites to recapture/renucleate the dissolved Pt species. We furthermore demonstrate that the working mechanism can be applied to the commercial Pt/C product to greatly enhance its durability.  相似文献   

19.
The present study demonstrates the use of few‐layer borocarbonitride nanosheets synthesized by a simple method as non‐platinum cathode catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline medium. Composition‐dependent ORR activity is observed and the best performance was found when the composition was carbon‐rich. Mechanistic aspects reveal that ORR follows the 4 e? pathway with kinetic parameters comparable to those of the commercial Pt/C catalyst. Excellent methanol tolerance is observed with the BCN nanosheets unlike with Pt/C.  相似文献   

20.
Well‐dispersed carbon‐coated or nitrogen‐doped carbon‐coated copper‐iron alloy nanoparticles (FeCu@C or FeCu@C?N) in carbon‐based supports are obtained using a bimetallic metal‐organic framework (Cu/Fe‐MOF‐74) or a mixture of Cu/Fe‐MOF‐74 and melamine as sacrificial templates and an active‐component precursor by using a pyrolysis method. The investigation results attest formation of Cu?Fe alloy nanoparticles. The obtained FeCu@C catalyst exhibits a catalytic activity with a half‐wave potential of 0.83 V for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline medium, comparable to that on commercial Pt/C catalyst (0.84 V). The catalytic activity of FeCu@C?N for ORR (Ehalf‐wave=0.87 V) outshines all reported analogues. The excellent performance of FeCu@C?N should be attributed to a change in the energy of the d‐band center of Cu resulting from the formation of the copper–iron alloy, the interaction between alloy nanoparticles and supports and N‐doping in the carbon matrix. Moreover, FeCu@C and FeCu@C?N show better electrochemical stability and methanol tolerance than commercial Pt/C and are expected to be widely used in practical applications.  相似文献   

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