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1.
自1976年发现第一个有机聚合物聚乙炔掺杂后具有类似金属的导电性以来,先后发现了聚吡咯、聚噻吩和聚苯胺(PAn)等导电聚合物,其中聚苯胺以其合成方法简单、稳定性好、较高的电导率及良好的电化学性能等被预言为是最有应用前景的导电高分子材料之一。近年来,随着导电聚合物研究的广泛开展和不断深入,  相似文献   

2.
掺杂和取代对聚苯胺导电性能影响机制的研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
在导电聚合物的研究中,聚苯胺及其衍生物一直是人们相当感兴趣的课题.此类聚合物既可用氧化剂掺杂,也可进行质子酸掺杂,掺杂后其电导率可提高约十个数量级{1,’];利用在主链上引入取代基等化学修饰方法,可方便地调节其溶解性、加工性等物理化学性能.已有的研究结果表明,主链的化学修饰往往给聚苯胺的导电性能带来不利影响*.因此,如何使聚苯胶类导电聚合物保持高的电导率且同时具备优良的物理加工性能使成为此类导电聚合物研究中的一个亟待解决的问题一本文利用鼻子化学EHMO-CO方法对掺杂和取代影响聚苯胺及其衍生物导电性…  相似文献   

3.
导电聚合物成为当前热门课题,主要在于它有重大的应用价值.聚苯胺(PAn)是研究得最多的导电聚合物之一,是因为它具有良好的热稳定性和化学稳定性.此外,PAn易于用化学法或电化学法合成,其单体的成本低.但与其它导电聚合物一样,PAn也难以加工成型,若与各...  相似文献   

4.
导电聚合物由于有很大的应用前景而引起了很多研究者的兴趣。在导电聚合物中,聚苯胺由于具有很高的导电性、热稳定性、容易制备等性质而受到了格外的关注。但是聚苯胺同样有缺点,例如应用范围狭小、很难进行加工等。为了提高聚苯胺的加工性能,乳液聚合是一种有效的改性方法。本文讨论了用乳液聚合或反相乳液聚合合成聚苯胺以及聚苯胺的共聚物,同时也报道了聚苯胺与其它物质复合共混和掺杂的研究结果,并且研究了它们的结构以及各方面的性能。通过改性,可使得聚苯胺的加工性得到很好的改善。  相似文献   

5.
原位化学氧化聚合制备聚苯胺/丝素复合导电膜   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
夏友谊 《广州化学》2009,34(3):33-36
采用原位化学氧化聚合方法在蚕丝丝素蛋白膜表面生长聚苯胺,制备得到表面均匀覆盖导电聚合物的复合导电丝素膜,其电导率约为3×10^-2S/cm。纤维表面与导电聚合物的相互作用改善了原丝素膜的耐热性能,但并未降低其力学性能。  相似文献   

6.
二磺酸掺杂高热稳定性导电聚苯胺的合成及性能   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
以有机二磺酸作为掺杂剂合成了具有高热稳定性的二磺酸掺杂导电聚苯胺。研究了反应时间、温度、酸/苯胺摩尔比等因素对产率、产物的导电率与分子量的影响。利用微波加热的方法测试有机二磺酸掺杂聚苯胺的热稳定性能,结果表明:有机二磺酸掺杂的导电聚苯胺在微波场中升温速率快,并且具有良好的反复升温性能。  相似文献   

7.
为将导电聚合物超级电容器电极材料引入到本科教学实验中,设计了综合探究性高分子材料制备实验——电化学沉积制备聚苯胺纳米阵列及性能研究。首先采用电化学法构筑导电高分子聚苯胺纳米阵列;然后运用紫外光谱、拉曼光谱、扫描电子显微镜和电化学工作站等,分别对聚苯胺阵列的化学结构、形貌和电化学性能进行表征。从材料的合成角度来看,该实验可以使学生了解和掌握电化学合成导电聚合物的机理与方法;从材料的结构和性能表征方面来看,可以使学生学习和操作科研类的大型仪器设备,对学生的动手操作能力具有实质性的锻炼。此外,该综合性实验很好地将化学制备与材料的应用相结合,方法简单,耗时短,重复性好,可作为高分子类专业本科生综合探究性实验开设。  相似文献   

8.
聚苯胺自支撑导电膜的电化学合成及性能   总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9  
采用电化学方法,以高氯酸为掺杂剂,合成了具有较好导电性能和机械性能的聚苯胺自支撑膜。探讨了电化学聚合反应条件对其性能的影响,并借助SEM、IR、ESR等手段表征了所得聚合物。  相似文献   

9.
聚苯胺/聚合物导电材料研究进展   总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15  
从制备方法着手综述了近年来聚苯胺/聚合物导电材料研制开发的最新成果,并简介了聚苯胺/聚合物导电材料的应用情况。  相似文献   

10.
考察化学法和电化学法两种方法制备的聚苯胺的电化学活性差别;研究聚苯胺的催化性能及气敏性能。通过有关聚苯胺的系列实验学习,让学生了解导电聚合物的性能及其在化学传感器中的应用及前景。  相似文献   

11.
有序介孔二氧化硅/聚苯胺复合物   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文综述了有序介孔二氧化硅/聚苯胺复合物从出现至今的10余年里的研究进展,介绍了复合物的合成方法,包括气相法、液相法和一步合成法,以及模板剂单体原位合成法等。引入苯胺单体后在孔道内聚合生成聚苯胺,即聚苯胺与有序介孔二氧化硅形成了复合物。该复合物的结构和形貌,以及孔道中聚苯胺的结构形态和电学性质,与本体聚苯胺相比具有显著的变化。这种以有序介孔二氧化硅为模板制备的聚苯胺的单分子导线,有潜力应用在新型的电子或光电子器件上。此外,该复合物因为其独特性质很可能在燃料电池的聚合物电解质膜、湿度传感器、电流变材料以及电化学电容器等方面得到应用。  相似文献   

12.
The effect of high molecular weight resin and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the crystallization, rheological and dynamic mechanical properties of poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) composites was investigated. A synergetic effect of the high molecular weight resin and MWCNTs on the nucleation in the crystallization process of the matrix has been observed, and their contributions to the crystallization of the matrix are two-sided. The composites containing both the high molecular weight resin and MWCNTs have much higher crystallization peak temperatures but lower crystallinity, especially for samples with high MWCNT content. For the isothermal crystallization at relative high temperatures, higher Avrami exponent and shorter half-time of crystallization are observed for the composites containing both the high molecular weight resin and MWCNTs. The introduction of the high molecular weight resin not only reinforces the matrix, but also promotes the dispersion of MWCNTs. The reinforcement and synergetic nucleation effects of the high molecular weight resin and MWCNTs were also confirmed by dynamic mechanical analysis.  相似文献   

13.
This paper is devoted to the preparation of polyaniline/lead dioxide composites (PANI/PbO2) via chemical oxidation of aniline in H2SO4 medium using β-PbO2 as an oxidant. The parameters affecting the polymerization reaction are considered. These parameters are [aniline], amount of β-PbO2, stirring time, and different acids. The prepared composites were characterized by SEM, FT-IR, XRD, TGA, DTA, and elemental analysis. From XRD and FT-IR spectra, it was concluded that high molecular weight polymer could be obtained with high aniline concentration, high amount of β-PbO2, increasing polymerization time and polymerization of ANI at lower temperatures. Thermogravimetric study exhibited that the composite prepared using high amount of β-PbO2 has a higher thermal stability. The application of the composites in the oxidative degradation of Alizarin yellow G and Acid alizarin violet N dyes exhibited good catalytic activity in presence of H2O2 as an oxidant. The reactions followed first-order kinetics and the rate constants were determined.  相似文献   

14.
The main target of this work is to choose the best preparation conditions to have a perfect yield of the new composites prepared from mixing Zeolite X with polyaniline. The preparation of polyaniline and polyaniline/Zeolite X composites as anticorrosion coat was studied. The composites were synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and UV–visible spectroscopy techniques, which showed the successful synthesis.  相似文献   

15.
Polyaniline is a member of the class of electrically conducting polymers, having possible commercial applications such as coatings. Aqueous‐based polyaniline coatings are preferred over organic solvent or concentrated strong acid based coatings because water is not a pollutant. The overall goal of this study was to further the development of water‐based polyaniline coatings by an examination of the effect of acidic water (pH 1.18) and air on polyaniline. Knowledge of the effect of water on the structure, molecular weight, electrical conductivity, and diffusion of the dopant assisted in ascertaining whether polyaniline degraded with water exposure. Knowledge of how Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra would be affected by dry air was important for determining if polyaniline was chemically stable with time. The results showed that the molecular weight, ultraviolet–visible and FTIR spectra, and carbon‐to‐nitrogen molar ratio in the polymer backbone all remained unchanged during acidic water immersion. The constant nature of these physical parameters showed a high degree of water stability. A chloride ion diffusion coefficient of 2.8 to 85 × 10?9 cm2/h, the chloride concentration, and the electrical conductivity were also measured with the water immersion time. Aging polyaniline powders in a desiccator for 5 years showed no effect on the molecular structure, as indicated by the FTIR spectrum. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 807–822, 2003  相似文献   

16.
Polyaniline–CaTiO3 composites of different weight percentages were prepared by in situ polymerization. The prepared composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for structural studies, and a morphology analysis was carried out by scanning electron microscopy studies. Real and imaginary parts of the complex impedance were determined for given samples as a function of frequency. Current–voltage and capacitance–voltage measurements were also carried out. The carrier mobility μ values of neat polyaniline and polyaniline–CaTiO3 composites were found to be 5.37 × 10?3 and 2.73 × 10?2, respectively, and a significant enhancement, as compared with the reported data, was observed. Therefore, this study may provide a better route for technological applications in all fields in the near future and can also be represented by a pure electronic model. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

17.
聚苯胺复合材料研究进展   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
综述了聚苯胺/无机物复合材料和聚苯胺/有机高聚物复合材料的合成方法,性能特征,并展望了聚苯胺复合材料的研究,应用前景。  相似文献   

18.
聚苯胺/金属纳米粒子复合物的制备及性能   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
李新贵  孙晋  黄美荣 《化学进展》2007,19(5):787-795
基于国内外最新研究文献及本课题组研究工作,从发展历史、制备方法、多功能性方面系统综述了近年来发展起来的聚苯胺/金属纳米粒子复合物。在聚苯胺基体中引入金属纳米粒子的方法可归纳为3大类:原位复合法、直接共混法和层层自组装法。所形成的有机聚苯胺和无机金属杂化复合物不仅能保留各自原有的特异性能,而且二组分之间还存在着相互协同作用,能够极大地提升基体聚苯胺材料的性能,电导率最高可提高100倍,电氧化催化电流最高可提高10倍。分散在聚苯胺膜中的极少量铂微粒就能使不锈钢板的腐蚀电位稳定在钝化区域。聚苯胺/金属纳米粒子复合物所表现出的突出的固有电导性、优异的反应催化性和极强的金属防腐性,使其跻身于为数不多的新型高性能复合材料之列,显示出了诱人的应用前景。  相似文献   

19.
王心怡  杨小刚  李斌 《化学通报》2016,79(8):707-713
复合材料是由两种或多种性质不同的物质组成的多元材料,具有比各组分材料更优异的或原来不具备的性能。聚苯胺(PANI)作为最具应用前景的导电高分子材料,国内外对基于PANI的复合材料的研究也愈加关注。本文对PANI复合材料制备方法的研究成果进行了综述,主要包括原位化学法、共混法、电化学法、层层自组装法等。探讨了PANI复合材料在电极、导电、防腐、传感、分离、催化等方面的应用性能,并展望了PANI复合材料今后研究与应用的发展方向。  相似文献   

20.
雷西萍 《高分子科学》2012,30(6):808-814
Organo-fly ash(OFA) was prepared with pretreated fly ash(FA) and hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (HDTMAB),and the composites composed of OFA and polyaniline were obtained by emulsion polymerization at different OFA weight ratios(2.0 wt%,5.0 wt%,10.0 wt%,15.0 wt%and 20.0 wt%) in the presence of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid as dopant and emulsifier.A polymerization procedure was supposed.The electrical conductivities of the composites were tested by the four-probe technique.The chemical structure and crystallinity of the composites were confirmed by FT-IR and X-ray diffraction,respectively.Morphologies of FA,OFA and the composites were observed by SEM.The element analysis was performed by energy dispersive spectrometry.The thermal stability of the composites was analyzed by TGA.The results showed that the electrical conductivity of the composites decreased with increasing the feed weight ratio of OFA,and the lowest value was 0.62 S/cm.HDTMAB and PAn were just adsorbed on the surface of FA and OFA,respectively according to the physical adsorption without destroying the crystalline structure of FA or OFA.The surface became smoother after organification of FA by using HDTMAB,and its content on FA surfaces was about 26.9 wt%.The core/shell structure of the composite was observed by SEM analysis.The composites showed a higher thermal stability than pure PAn by introduction of OFA into this polymerization system,the heat stability of PAn was increased by decreasing 31.8 wt%of weight loss after introducing 20 wt%of OFA.  相似文献   

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