反对数简易示波伏安法的研究

本文在产生简易示波伏安曲线的实验线路中增加了反对数线路，提出了反对数简易示波伏安法，用此方法进行了络合滴定及实际样品的测定，结果符合分析要求。     

用脉冲波交流电流作为极化电流的微分简易示波伏安法

用脉冲波交流电流作为极化电流的微分简易示波伏安法郑建斌，赵明仁，朱小红，苏玉祥（西北大学化学系电分析化学研究所，西安，７１００６９）关键词示波分析，微分简易示波伏安法，脉冲波交流电流经典示波计时电位法在微量乃至于痕量组分的直接测定方面的应用一直进展缓...     

微分简易示波伏安法测定分子筛中微量钴的研究

微分简易示波伏安法是一种新的示波分析方法．与经典示波计时电位法相比，具有灵敏度高、去极剂峰高易于测定等优点．本文研究了CO－4（2一毗院偶氮）间苯二酚钠（PAR）体系的示波特性并探讨了应用微分简易示波伏安法测定微量钻的可能性．试验发现，在O．2mol／LHAc－0·2mol／LNaAc－2·5X10－’mol／LPAR底液中，钻离子在iFE曲线的阴极支上电位为一1．68V处产生一尖锐峰，其峰高与钻离子浓度在1．5X10’～1·2X10－‘mol／L范围内呈线性关系，检测灵敏度为5．OXIO－’mol／L‘以此拟定了测定微量钻的新方法．与光度法相比，该…     

催化极谱测定鼠肾中微量镉

生物材料中微量镉的测定方法有吸光光度法、原子吸收光谱法、微分电位溶出法和电感耦合等离子发射光谱法.鼠肾的重量大多数小于0.5g.上述方法测定鼠肾中微量镉,有的方法灵敏度低,重现性差,样品用量大,有些方法灵敏度高,样品用量少,但需价格昂贵的仪器及严格的安装使用条件.根据极谱催化波理论,笔者在前人研究示波极谱法测定人发、尿中微量镉的基础上,结合实验室条件,提出了鼠肾中微量镉的催化极谱测定,获得满意的结果.本法具有快速、灵敏、准确,样品用量少,仪器价格便宜的优点.     

倒数示波计时电位滴定新技术

倒数交流示波极谱具有抑制充电电流、突出电解电流的优点,利用(dE/dt)~(-1)-E曲线上去极剂峰的突然消失或出现指示滴定终点的方法称作倒数示波计时电位滴定法.由运算放大器组装的模拟电子线路可以对(dE/dt)~(-1)-E曲线进行反馈、反对数及微分处理,从而获得各种类型的倒数示波计时电位曲线(图1),以进一步提高滴定的灵敏度。     

三价铬和烟酸的示波行为及其应用

在0.2mol.L-1NaOH底液中,Cr3+能在二次微分简易示波伏安图阴极支-0.75V(vs.SCE)处产生一个灵敏的峰,该峰高随烟酸-Cr3+配合物量的增加而降低。在pH9.3的NH3-NH4Cl缓冲溶液中,烟酸在二次微分简易示波伏安图阴极支-0.5V处也能产生一个灵敏的峰,该峰高随Cr3+加入量的增加而降低,可用于对Cr3+的间接示波测定。根据Cr3+、烟酸以及Cr3+与烟酸配合物的示波特性,分别建立了用二次微分简易示波伏安法间接测定烟酸或Cr3+含量的新方法,并将其用于烟酸片中烟酸含量的测定。与其他方法相比,此法仪器简单,方法简便快速,无需通氮除氧。     

金膜电极—微分电位溶出法测定谷物中的微量砷

研究用金膜电极－微分电位溶出法测定谷物中的微量砷,讨论了测定的最佳条件。     

微分电位溶出法测定土壤中的微量砷

用金膜电极－微分电位溶出法测定了土壤中的微量砷，讨论了最佳测定条件。     

滴汞电极1.5次微分电分析法测定矿石中的微量铋

矿石中微量铋的测定常用硫脲比色法,但灵敏度不高。铋的极谱催化波灵敏度虽很高,但需通过萃取分离以消除干扰。鉴于1.5次微分电分析法灵敏度高,分辨率好,而且用滴汞电极为工作电极重现性较佳,本文探索了以0.1MHCl-10％KCl-0.1％水杨醛肟为底液,铋在滴汞电极上的1.5次微分电分析特性。结果表明,峰形明晰、灵敏、干扰少。可直接用于矿石中微量铋的测定。方法简便,结果满意。     

偏最小二乘法在多组分阳极溶出伏安分析中的应用—铜,锑,铋的同时测定

本文利用微分脉冲阳极溶出伏安法对微量铜、锑、铋混合溶液进行同进分析，实验在盐酸－氯化钠介质中进行，悬汞电极作工作电极，在－４００ｍＶ处富集电解５ｍｉｎ，然后由－４００ｍＶ向０Ｖ作微分脉冲溶出伏安扫描，扫描速度为２ｍＶ／ｓ，脉冲振幅为４０ｍＶ，由于计算机采集溶出伏安数据后采用偏最小二乘法计算并建立数学模型，然后据此模型对未知溶液进行定量分析，获得了较好的结果。     

示差光度法快速测定样品中高含量硅

根据硅钼蓝光度法原理，对高含量硅的测定条件进行了试验，采用示差光度法、反酸化处理、分段比色、标样紧密内插法等措施，试验出了能适用于各种系列样品中常量硅含量的快速测定方法。该方法准确、简便、快速、易掌握。     

Counting bacteria on a microfluidic chip

This paper reports a lab-on-a-chip device that counts the number of bacteria flowing through a microchannel. The bacteria number counting is realized by a microfluidic differential Resistive Pulse Sensor (RPS). By using a single microfluidic channel with two detecting arm channels placed at the two ends of the sensing section, the microfluidic differential RPS can achieve a high signal-to-noise ratio. This method is applied to detect and count bacteria in aqueous solution. The detected RPS signals amplitude for Pseudomonas aeruginosa ranges from 0.05 V to 0.17 V and the signal-to-noise ratio is 5-17. The number rate of the bacteria flowing through the sensing gate per minute is a linear function of the sample concentration. Using this experimentally obtained correlation curve, the concentration of bacteria in the sample solution can be evaluated within several minutes by measuring the number rate of the bacteria flowing through the sensing gate of this microfluidic differential RPS chip. The method described in this paper is simple and automatic, and have wide applications in determining the bacteria and cell concentrations for microbiological and other biological applications.     

简易示波伏安曲线的研究

本文提出了一种示波滴定的新方法——简易示波伏安法,该法克服了双电解池i_t-E曲线仪器复杂、操作麻烦等缺点,使用单电解池和一个很简单的线路也可以获得示波伏安图,具有广泛的应用价值。适宜于药物分析。     

差示扫描量热法测定草酸艾司西酞普兰纯度

采用差示扫描量热法(DSC),根据DSC曲线利用纯度分析软件测定草酸艾司西酞普兰的纯度。对实验条件进行了优化,升温速率为4.0 K/min,称样量为2~3.2 mg。测得草酸艾司西酞普兰的纯度为99.17%,相对标准偏差为0.05%(n=6)。该法测定结果与非水滴定法测定结果(99.24%)基本一致。差示扫描量热法可用于测定草酸艾司西酞普兰纯度,方法操作简便、结果准确。     

Voltammetric Ultra Trace Determination of Tellurium

Abstract

A simple and convenient method is described for the determination of low concentration tellurium based on differential pulse polarographic reduction of Te(IV) in alkaline medium. Linearity of the calibration curve was achieved up to 25.5 ppm with a limit of determination of 0.02 µg/mL. The possible interference of coexisting metal ions was examined and ruled out. The method has been successfully applied for the analysis of tellurium in industrial waste samples.     

利用充电曲线数据计算钝态金属的腐蚀速度

对 钝态金 属腐蚀体 系推导了 不含近 似处 理的 充电 曲线 方程 式．提 出 了使 用数 值 微分和线性 回归求 解体系电 化学参数 的计算 机方法．     

3.5次微分循环示波计时电位法的研究

将半积分半微分技术应用于循环示波计时电位曲线的处理,可大大抑制充电电流的影响,提高示波测定的灵敏度和分辨率.据此,本文提出了3.5次微分循环示波计时电位法,研究了该方法的特点并将其用于HAc-NaoH-铜铁试剂(HCup)体系中铅示波特性的研究和微量铅的测定.     

Nafion-graphene composite film modified glassy carbon electrode for voltammetric determination of p-aminophenol

A Nafion-graphene (Nafion-GR) nanocomposite film modified glassy carbon electrode was fabricated by a simple drop-casting method, and used in the electrochemical detection of p-aminophenol (4-AP). Owing to the large surface area, good conductivity of GR and good affinity of Nafion, the sensor exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of 4-AP. The electrochemical behaviors of 4-AP on Nafion/GR film modified glassy carbon electrodes were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. A calibration curve is constructed in the same matrix, urine, as the unknown samples to be analyzed. The Nafion-GR film modified electrode was linearly dependent on the 4-AP concentration and the linear analytical curve was obtained in the ranges of 0.5–200 μM with differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and the detection limit was 0.051 μM. The Nafion-graphene nanocomposite modified electrode exhibited good reusability than pure graphene modified GCE. This procedure can be used for the determination of p-aminophenol in the presence of its degradation products and paracetamol. Finally, the proposed method was successfully used to determine p-aminophenol in local tap water samples in urine samples and pharmaceutical preparations.     

Extension of The Applicability of Jäntti's Method For Fast Calculation of Adsorption Data

The time for adsorption measurements can be substantially reduced by measuring several values at short time intervals at the beginning of the kinetic curve and extrapolation of the equilibrium value. The method used by Jäntti for simple adsorption processes has been extended for complicated processes using a second order differential equation. A simulated example is calculated.