电解还原法生产的对氨基苯酚纯度及杂质4，4＇－二氨基二苯醚的高效液相色谱分析

电解还原法生产的对氨基苯酚纯度及杂质４，４＇－二氨基二苯醚的高效液相色谱分析尤进茂，孙学军，李怀娜，周连君（曲阜师范大学化学系曲阜２７３１６５）１前言对氨基苯酚（ＰＡＰ）是制造显影剂、药物扑热息痛和偶氮染料的重要中间体［１～３］，用途十分广泛。虽然工...     

高纯度(>99%)6-羟基犬尿喹啉酸的合成

以丁炔二羧酸二甲酯和对氨基苯酚为原料,经迈克尔加成、环合和碱水解反应合成了6-羟基犬尿喹啉酸,总收率43.3%,纯度>99%,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和HR-MS确认。     

Ti/Sb2O5-SnO2/PbO2电极电催化氧化对氨基苯酚

以电沉积法制备的Ti／Sb2O5-SnO2／PbO2电极作阳极,恒电流电解水溶液中的对氨基苯酚（PAP）,利用紫外光谱探讨了对氨基苯酚电催化氧化的反应历程,系统地考察了电解时间、反应温度,pH值、电流密度以及对氨基苯酚初始浓度对COD去除率的影响,提出了电催化氧化对氨基苯酚的最佳条件．结果表明,对氨基苯酚电催化反应为逐级氧化历程,主要中间产物为苯醌、丁烯二酸和草酸,最终产物为CO2和水．20℃,对初始浓度10mg／L的对氨基苯酚水溶液（pH=6）,恒定电流密度100mA／cm^2,电解1h,COD去除率可达98．5％．该方法作为废水中对氨基苯酚的最小化处理．具有良好的应用前景．     

电解还原法生产的对氨基苯酚纯度及杂质的高效液相色谱分析

研究了用高效液相色谱法对电化学生产的对氨基苯酚及杂质４，４＇－二氨基二苯醚和联苯胺含量的测定。方法简单、重现性好，适合工业生产中的快速控制分析，对氨基苯酚产品的相对标准偏差小于１．５％，４，４＇－二氨基二苯醚和联苯胺的相对标准偏差分别小于２．５％和３．０％。     

对氨基苯酚直接电还原合成反应液的等吸收点双波长紫外分光光度法分析

选择261.6 nm和282 nm为测定波长,用等吸收点双波长紫外分光光度法,对硝基苯直接电还原合成对氨基苯酚反应液中的对氨基苯酚和苯胺进行了定量分析,对氨基苯酚和苯胺测定结果的平均相对标准偏差分别为0.71%和0.93%;平均回收率分别为99.4%和100.4%.     

4-丁酰氨基乙酰氧基苯的合成

以对氨基苯酚和正丁酸为原料，合成了4-丁酰氨基乙酰氧基苯，讨论了反应的影响因素。本方法收率高，易于纯化。     

利用二氧化硫脲制备对氨基苯酚

利用二氧化硫脲制备对氨基苯酚顾尚香姚卡玲（兰州大学化学系甘肃７３００００）对氨基苯酚的制备方法之一是用铁粉在盐酸存在下生成的新生态氢将对硝基苯酚中的硝基还原为氨基，产率约８０％左右，但铁泥的处理非常麻烦；另一方法是用苯酚为原料先制备出对亚硝基苯酚，然...     

水杨醛葡萄糖苷对氨基苯酚席夫碱的合成

以葡萄糖苷,水杨醛和对氨基苯酚为原料,设计并合成了将糖苷和席夫碱等多个药效团集于同一分子中的水杨醛葡萄糖苷对氨基苯酚席夫碱,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和IR表征.     

硝基苯催化加氢合成对氨基苯酚的绿色清洁工艺

对氨基苯酚是一种重要的化工原料及医药中间体。 由硝基苯合成对氨基苯酚具有明显的原料优势,并且具有流程短、能耗低等优点;但该方法通常以传统液体强酸为催化剂,存在设备腐蚀、需要用碱中和反应后的残余酸,产生大量盐固体废弃物等问题。 因此,开发硝基苯加氢合成对氨基苯酚的绿色工艺具有重要的意义,也是近年研究的热点。 现阶段的研究主要集中在开发可替代传统液体酸的催化剂,如固体酸、酸性离子液体、路易斯酸、二氧化碳-水以及固体酸负载金属纳米粒子双效催化剂等,并取得了较大的进展。 本文主要综述和评价如上绿色酸催化体系中硝基苯加氢合成对氨基苯酚的最新进展并对其未来发展进行了展望。     

对氨基苯酚在L-半胱氨酸修饰金电极上的电化学行为及其在分析中的应用

在金电极上组装了L-半胱氨酸,采用循环伏安法研究了对氨基苯酚在L-半胱氨酸修饰金电极上的电化学行为.结果表明:在pH 6.54的磷酸盐缓冲介质中,扫描速率为100 mV·s-1时,L-半胱氨酸修饰金电极上对对氨基苯酚具有良好的电催化活性,并显示对氨基苯酚在此修饰电极上的反应过程与裸金电极相比有良好的可逆性.将此优化的反应条件,应用于测定饮用水中对氨基苯酚的含量.对电催化机理也作了简要探讨.     

Recombination luminescence of poly(arylene phthalide) films induced by visible light

Long-term afterglow emission (AG) of poly(arylene phthalide) films (PAP) irradiated with visible light has been discovered. Recombination nature of the AG was experimentally proven as in the case of UV irradiation. Features of the observed AG spectra were analyzed in comparison with the photo-, electro-, and thermoluminescence spectra of the PAP films in relation to the commonness of the AG generation mechanism, which is associated with the involvement of the two-photon reactions and triplet states in the photoprocesses in PAP.     

A Selective and Sensitive Method for Simultaneous Determination of Traces of Paracetamol and p‐Aminophenol in Pharmaceuticals Using Carbon Ionic Liquid Electrode

A reliable and simple electrochemical method has been proposed for the simultaneous determination of paracetamol (PAR) and p‐aminophenol (PAP) in pharmaceutical formulations. The oxidation and reduction peak potentials in cyclic voltammetry (CV) for PAR on carbon ionic liquid electrode (CILE) were occurred at 370 and 225 mV vs. Ag/AgCl, respectively at pH 7.0, while those for PAP on CILE appeared at 128 mV and 68 mV, respectively at the scan rate of 0.05 V s^?1. In comparison to the conventional carbon paste electrode, the apparent reversibility and kinetics of the electrochemical reactions of PAR and PAP were significantly improved on CILE. In differential pulse voltammetric technique, the peak potentials for PAR and PAP appeared at 345 and 130 mV, respectively, with the peak separation of 215 mV, sufficient for their simultaneous determination in samples containing these two species. The proposed method was used for simultaneous determination of PAR and PAP in tablets. PAR and PAP can be determined in the ranges of 2.0×10^?6–2.2×10^?3 M and 3.0×10^?7–1.0×10^?3 M, with the detection limits of 5.0×10^?7 and 1.0×10^?7 M (calculated by 3σ), respectively. The relative standard deviations for the determination of PAR and PAP were less than 2%.     

Simultaneous determination of N-acetyl-p-aminophenol and p-aminophenol with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) modified glassy carbon electrode

A sensitive and selective method was developed for the determination of N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP) and p-aminophenol (PAP) using poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry were used to investigate the electrochemical reaction of APAP and PAP at the modified electrode. Both APAP and PAP showed quasireversible redox reactions with formal potentials of 367 mV and 101 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl), respectively, in phosphate buffer solution of pH 7.0. The significant peak potential difference (266 mV) between APAP and PAP enabled the simultaneous determination both species based on differential pulse voltammetry. The voltammetric responses gave linear ranges of 1.0 × 10⁻⁶-1.0 × 10⁻⁴ mol L⁻¹ and 4.0 × 10⁻⁶-3.2 × 10⁻⁴ mol L⁻¹, with detection limits of 4.0 × 10⁻⁷ mol L⁻¹ and 1.2 × 10⁻⁶ mol L⁻¹ for APAP and PAP, respectively. The method was successfully applied for the determination of APAP and PAP in pharmaceutical formulations and biological samples.     

Determination of albumin in biological fluids by flow injection analysis using the peroxyoxalate chemiluminescent system in micellar medium

A novel chemiluminescence (CL) method for the determination of papaverine (PAP) has been developed by combining the flow injection technique and its sensitizing effect on the weak CL reaction between sulfite and acidic permanganate. A mechanism for the CL reaction has been proposed on the basis of fluorescent and chemiluminescence spectra. The CL response is proportional to the concentration of PAP over the range 0.2-10 micro mol L(-1). The detection limit of PAP is 0.10 micro mol L(-1) (3 s) with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2.0% for 10 repetitive determinations of 1.0 micro mol L(-1) PAP. Interferences from other alkaloids in the opium, such as morphine and codeine, are negligible except that of narcotine. The method has been satisfactorily used for the determination of PAP in injections and compound liquorice tablets.     

电活性可生物降解纳米复合材料PAP/op-HA/PLGA的制备及成骨活性

以苯胺五聚体(AP)与聚乳酸(PLA)的三嵌段共聚物(PAP)与表面接枝低聚乳酸的纳米羟基磷灰石(op-HA)和聚丙交酯-乙交酯(PLGA)的复合物共混,制备了电活性可降解纳米复合材料PAP/op-HA/PLGA,采用紫外-可见光谱、循环伏安扫描和标准四探针法分析其电化学特性及电导率.采用ESEM观察其膜表面形貌,用接...     

Degradation of p-aminophenol wastewater using Ti-Si-Sn-Sb/GAC particle electrodes in a three-dimensional electrochemical oxidation reactor

In this study, Ti-Si-Sn-Sb/GAC particle electrodes were prepared by sol–gel method. The particle electrodes were characterized by SEM, XRD, EDX, and BET then used to carry out three-dimensional (3D) electrocatalytic oxidation degradation on simulated refractory p-aminophenol (PAP) wastewater. The effects of initial pH, cell voltage, aeration flow rate and initial PAP concentration on degradation experiments were investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the PAP and COD removal rates were 89.45% and 75.17% respectively. In addition, the possible degradation mechanism of PAP was further investigated by UV–Vis and HPLC. Finally, it was found that the Ti-Si-Sn-Sb/GAC particle electrodes with high catalytic activity and excellent stability could significantly improve the PAP wastewater removal efficiency.     

乙酰二茂铁修饰碳糊电极测定废水中对氨基苯酚

利用线性扫描溶出伏安法研究了对氨基苯酚(PAP)在乙酰二茂铁修饰碳糊电极电化学行为。结果表明:在磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH3.2)中,该修饰电极对PAP具有较好的催化活性,其峰电流与PAP浓度在7.0×10-7～3.0×10-5mol/L范围内呈线性关系,检出限为1.0×10-7mol/L(S/N=3)。利用该法测定了模拟水样中PAP的含量。     

Studies on toxic oil syndrome: development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for 3-(<Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-phenylamino)propane-1,2-diol in human urine

The fatty acid esters of 3-(N-phenylamino)propane-1,2-diol (PAP) are biomarkers of toxic oil batches that caused toxic oil syndrome (TOS), an intoxication that caused over 400 deaths and affected 20,000 people in Spain in 1981. PAP esters are converted into PAP by human pancreatic lipase. The in vivo biotransformation of PAP in two mouse strains generated potentially toxic metabolites. Here we report an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for PAP detection incorporating antibodies generated using PAP-hapten derivatives 1 and 2. The immunizing haptens were designed to recognize the phenylamino and hydroxymethylene moieties of the PAP structure. The antisera raised against 1-HCH showed greater affinity for free PAP, as demonstrated in competitive experiments using either 1-BSA or 2-BSA as coating antigens. The developed ELISA detects PAP at a threshold of 130 μg L⁻¹ and can be used over a wide range of pH and ionic strength values. The assay can be applied to human urine samples, after a simple treatment method, with good recovery according to the correlation obtained when analyzing blind spiked urine samples. Figure Development of an ELISA for PAP in human urine     

Palladium supported on modified magnetic nanoparticles: a phosphine‐free and heterogeneous catalyst for Suzuki and Stille reactions

An efficient magnetic nanoparticle‐supported palladium (Fe₃O₄/SiO₂‐PAP‐Pd) catalyst is reported for the Suzuki cross‐coupling and Stille reactions. This method provides a novel and much improved modification of the Suzuki and Stille coupling reactions in terms of phosphine‐free catalyst, short reaction time, clean reaction and small quantity of catalyst. Another important feature of this method is that the catalyst can be easily recovered from the reaction mixture and reused with no loss of its catalytic activity. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

STRUCTURE CHARACTERIZATION AND CATALYTICACTIVITY TEST OF Ni(II) COMPLEXES CONTAINING2-(DIPHENYLPHOSPHINOAMINO) PYRIDINE(PAP)

IntroductionIn1962,N.V.Kutepow'SgroupfirstusedcomplexesofFe,CoandNiascatalyststocatalyzecarboXylationofethanoltopreparepropanoicacidanditsderivants.Thereactionpressurewashighandtheyieldwaslow.LateronPaulalsandhiscolleagueusedabC13andiodineascatalyst,which…