DF01大孔树脂吸附苦参碱过程的研究

以大孔吸附树脂对苦参碱溶液的吸附行为为研究对象，对苦参碱的吸附平衡进行了研究，以Freundlich和Langmuir方程拟合了室温下的吸附等温线，研究结果表明，用Freumdlich方程拟合较理想，同时，还考察了不同因素对吸附过程的影响，并用线性方程式对吸附柱的透过曲线进行了拟合，这对了解床层的吸附行为特征及吸附剂性能有着重要意义。     

乙酰乙酸乙酯－BR化学振荡反应的研究

本文首次报道了乙酰乙酸乙酯－ＩＯ－３－Ｈ２Ｏ２－Ｍｎ２＋－Ｈ２ＳＯ４体系的化学振荡反应。研究了各种因素对振荡反应的影响，测定了最佳反应条件及振荡反应的浓度范围。研究了温度变化对振荡反应的影响，并计算了振荡反应的表观活化能，对振荡反应产物进行了分析，并测定了体系主要反应的计量关系，采用ＵＶ法对金属离子的作用和催化机理作了研究，探索了ＢＲ反应中Ｉ２的产生机理及消耗机理，对体系中有关反应物的作用作了说明。在ＦＫＮ机理的基础上，对ＢＲ反应的自催化反应步骤和控制机理进行了初步的探索，并对有关实验现象作了说明。     

反相离子对液相色谱法测定丙烯酰胺甲基丙磺酸的含量

应用反相离子对液相色谱法，测定丙烯酰胺甲基丙磺酸的含量，精密度高，相对标准偏差小于0．3％，并对离子对浓度与相应组分保留时间的关系进行了探索，得出了两者的非线性关系。同时，对多官能团物质紫外吸收波长的确定进行了探索，并测定了响应值的线性范围，检出限为6μg。     

对氰基苯甲酸乙酯的合成研究

以对氨基苯甲酸乙酯为原料，经重氮化反应及Sandmeyer的氰化反应制得对氰基苯甲酸乙酯，对重氮盐的制备及氰化过程进行了研究，简化了操作，提高了产物收率。     

稀土抛光粉的生产及应用

综述了稀土抛光粉的各种制造工艺及其在玻璃抛光领域的应用现状，以稀土抛光粉不同的化学成分，粒度，用途等对稀土抛光粉进行了归纳分类，介绍了国内外稀土抛光粉生产企业的产生规律，产品特点，对国内外稀土抛光粉的制备工艺流程进行了归纳，阐述了稀土抛光粉的抛光工艺及抛光机理，重点讨论了稀土抛光粉的应用领域，预测了稀土抛光粉市场的未来，对稀土抛光粉的应用进行了展望。     

万古霉素在食源性致病菌检测中的应用

食源性致病菌污染是引起食品安全的主要因素之一，对人类健康构成了严重威胁。万古霉素作为一种对革兰氏阳性菌具有特异性识别功能的小分子，能够修饰在磁性纳米粒子表面，使粒子获得靶向目标菌的能力，结合其他检测方法，可以实现分离检测革兰氏阳性菌的目的。本文对万古霉素功能化的磁珠在革兰氏阳性菌分离检测的研究进展进行了介绍，分析了万古霉素不同修饰方式和检测方法对其检测效果的影响，并对各种方法的检测结果进行了分析比较，最后，提出了万古霉素在食源性致病菌检测中存在的问题，并对其未来应用进行了展望。     

味觉电化学传感器的研究—模拟生物膜对甜味物质的响应

本文研究了糖类物质对膦脂膜味觉电化学传感器的影响，发现蔗糖、葡萄糖对膜电位影响甚微，而能使膜电阻增加，在５￣１００ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ浓度范围内，蔗糖、葡萄分别与膜电阻变化呈线性关系，但蔗糖的响应斜率比葡萄糖的响应斜率大，人工甜味剂糖精钠不但能降低膜电阻值，而且能提高膜电位绝对值。据此，首次提出了对糖类物质进行性定理测定的方法，对葡萄糖样品进行了定量测定，取得了较为满意的结果。并探讨了该味觉化学传感器对糖     

聚对苯撑的掺杂和导电性能研究

采用ＡｌＣｌ３－ＣｕＣｌ２催化体系合成了聚对苯撑，并用ＦｅＣｌ３在硝基甲烷溶液中对聚对苯撑进行了掺杂，研究了掺杂浓度，温度，时间和空气中暴露时间对聚对苯撑电导率的影响，结果表明，掺杂后的聚对苯撑具有良好的环境稳定性；在空气中放置３个月电导率基本不变，其电导率约１Ｓ／ｍ，另外，利用红外光谱和紫外光谱研究了掺杂对聚对苯撑结构的影响。     

对-氨基苯甲酸改性环氧树脂的性能表征及乳化性质

以对氨基苯甲酸改性环氧树脂，使其成为具有亲水性的树脂，实验结果表明，改性后树脂在有机溶剂中的溶解性变差，在碱性溶剂中溶解性增强，对改性树脂进行了红外表征，并根据环氧基特征峰的吸附对环氧基转化率进行了定量分析，测定了改性产物的DSC曲线，发现随着反应物中对氨基苯甲酸比例的升高，改性产物的玻璃化转变温度升高，此外还研究了改性环氧树脂水基微乳液制备过程的电导率变化规律，并探讨了羧酸基中和程度及溶剂极性对乳粒以及粒子形态的影响。     

RE—Al—Zr—C—N多元渗的XPS研究

用气相法对45钢表面进行RE－Al-Zr-C-N多元渗，通过X射线光电子能谱（XPS）给出了该体系中各元素的结合能位置，分析了它们的存在状态，同时用扫描电镜－能谱进行了形貌分析，元素分析等，证实RE，Al,Zr,C,N渗入到了金属表层，在共渗中发现微量稀土元素对铝的活化催渗作用大于其对锆的作用，进一步证实了对氮的作用亦优于对碳的活化催渗作用。     

配位-沉淀法制备Ni(OH)2和NiO超微粉

本工作采用配位 -沉淀法成功的制备了薄片形氢氧化镍和氧化镍超微粉末 ,通过 XRD、TG-DTA、IR及 TEM等实验手段对超微粉的组成结构进行分析表征。     

Interaction of ultrafine palladium and platinum powders with chlorocomplexes of gold(III) under hydrothermal conditions

Ultrafine Au-Pd and Au-Pt powders were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions, and their composition and structure were characterized.     

Na~+浓度对反应体系成胶特性及SiO_2凝胶粉末性能的影响

以水玻璃为原料，乙酸乙酯为潜伏酸试剂，采用溶胶—凝胶法制备超细二氧化硅凝胶粉末。研究了成胶反应过程中Ｎａ＋ 浓度对反应体系成胶特性及最终所得二氧化硅凝胶粉末性能的影响，并用透射电镜和氮气物理吸附实验手段对粉末的有关性能进行了测试表征     

The role of MgO in the thermal behavior of MgO–silica fume pastes

The compounds of MgO–silica fume (SF) pastes constitute magnesium silicate hydrate (M–S–H) in a new generation of basic castables. However, Mg(OH)₂ is a common reaction product with the formation of M–S–H. This study aims to reduce the formation of Mg(OH)₂ in MgO–SF pastes. In this study, MgO powders were prepared by calcining magnesite at different temperatures and then mixed with SF and water to prepare MgO–SF pastes. The properties of MgO powders were characterized, and the pH values in the pore solutions of MgO–SF pastes were measured. The MgO–SF pastes cured for 90 days were calcined at 500, 700, 900 and 1200 °C, and the microstructure was characterized afterward. The results showed that both the reactivity of MgO powders and the pH value of the pore solution of MgO–SF pastes were diverse, which essentially depended on the grain sizes and the crystalline degree of MgO. Increasing the calcination temperature of MgO was beneficial to reduce the formation of Mg(OH)₂ or even stop it when using MgO calcined at 1450 °C. Enstatite and forsterite formed for all MgO–SF pastes after calcination. However, the microstructure of MgO–SF paste with MgO calcined at 1450 °C was denser than others. MgO–SF pastes were suitable for the new-generation refractory castables. Notably, using MgO calcined at 1450 °C is more appropriate.     

喷雾-胶凝法制备超细莫来石粉末

以水玻璃和硝酸铝为原料 ,通过喷雾 -胶凝法和共沸蒸馏技术制备莫来石前驱粉体 ,然后煅烧得到超细莫来石粉末 .用TG -DTA、XRD、TEM及BET研究了莫来石前驱粉体在煅烧过程中的热学性质、物相与比表面变化及颗粒大小与形貌变化 ,并对所制得的莫来石粉进行了表征 .结果表明 ,莫来石前驱粉体经 130 0℃煅烧 1h可制得粒径为 2 5nm～ 4 0nm ,比表面积为 4 2 5m2 /g的莫来石超细粉 ;煅烧过程中的物相变化次序为 :勃姆石 +非晶态SiO2 →非晶态Al2 O3 +非晶态SiO2 →γ -Al2 O3 +非晶态SiO2 → 3Al2 O3 ·2SiO2 .     

纳米级TiO2粉体的制备研究——Ⅱ.絮凝剂及其浓度的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶-超临界流体干燥(SCFD)法制备纳米级TiO₂超细粉，详细考察了不同絮凝剂及其浓度对TiO₂织构和结构性质的影响。结果表明，利用强碱溶液作为絮凝剂，浓度为5 mol·L^-1是制备大孔高比表面TiO₂超细粉较为适宜的条件。     

SDS-PVP水溶液中超细镍粉的制备

在十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)-聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)混合水溶液中, 采用水合肼还原氯化镍制备超细镍粉. SEM结果表明, 该超细镍粉为球形, 表面呈现针状叠合的特殊形貌. XRD结果表明,该超细镍粉由平均粒径约为10 nm的面心立方结构(fcc)的原生纳米镍晶粒组成, 且主要沿(111)晶面生长. TEM清晰观察到原生纳米镍晶粒在PVP的空间桥联作用下自组装成超细镍粉的中间过程. SDS-PVP的组成对超细镍粉的粒径和表面形貌有显著影响, 在一定浓度范围内, 随着SDS或PVP浓度增大, 原生纳米镍晶粒和超细镍粉的平均粒径均呈减小趋势, 表明通过改变SDS-PVP组成可以调控超细镍粉的粒径和形貌.     

Using MgO fibers to immobilize molten electrolyte in thermal batteries

In this study, MgO fibers were used to immobilize the molten electrolyte in thermal batteries, which replaced the current MgO powders. MgO fibers were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method. Solvent concentration was found to influence the aspect ratio of MgO fiber regularly. A lower concentration led to a larger aspect ratio. The effects of fiber’s aspect ratio on the electrolyte (LiCl-KCl) leakage, discharge properties, and ionic conductivity of model cell were evaluated. The higher the fiber aspect ratio was, the lower the molten electrolyte leakage was. The electrolyte leakage of pellet using fiber was obviously lower than that using powder. Moreover, during the discharge process, the cell using fiber maintained a longer discharge time than that using powder, while the ionic conductivities were very close. The well performance of MgO fiber-filled cell was due to its dimensional stability and large contact area with molten electrolyte, which was generated from low aggregation and similar net structure.     

Porphyrin Metalation at MgO Surfaces: A Spectroscopic and Quantum Mechanical Study on Complementary Model Systems

We show that both single‐crystalline and nanostructured MgO surfaces convert free‐base tetraphenyl porphyrin (2HTPP) into magnesium tetraphenyl porphyrin (MgTPP) at room temperature. The reaction can be viewed as an ion exchange between the two aminic protons of the 2HTPP molecule with a Mg²⁺ ion from the surface. The driving force for the reaction is the strong stability of the formed hydroxyl groups along the steps and at defects on the MgO surface. We have used an integrated characterization approach that includes UV/Vis diffuse reflectance measurements on nanostructured powders, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopic investigation of atomically clean MgO(100) single‐crystalline thin films, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations on model systems. The DFT calculations demonstrate that MgTPP formation is strongly exothermic at the corners, edges and steps, but slightly endothermic on terrace sites. This agrees well with the UV/Vis diffuse reflectance, which upon adsorption of 2HTPP shows a decrease in the absorption band associated with corner and edge sites on MgO nanocube powders.     

Preparation of Forsterite (Mg2SiO4) Powders Via an Aqueous Route Using Magnesium Salts and Silicon Tetrachloride (SiCl4)

Forsterite (Mg₂SiO₄) powders were prepared by mixing SiCl₄ with aqueous solutions of either Mg(CH₃COO)₂·4H₂O or Mg(NO₃)₂·6H₂O and heating the powdered gel. The powders were characterised using thermal analysis (DTA and TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption surface area analysis (BET) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). On heating, MgO and enstatite (MgSiO₃) were observed in addition to forsterite. On heating to 1200°C, forsterite was the dominant phase in the powders produced from Mg(NO₃)₂·6H₂O, and MgO was the dominant phase in the powders produced from Mg(CH₃COO)₂·4H₂O. The primary particle sizes of these powders were between 100 and 500 nm, which remained the same on heat treatment. However, higher temperatures gave rise to an increase in the size and densities of the agglomerates of primary particles.