首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
钴铁和镁铁水滑石的合成及热稳定性差异的研究   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
王军涛  李武客  詹正坤 《合成化学》2004,12(4):329-332,J002
采用低过饱和共沉淀法合成了n(Co或Mg):n(Fe)=2:1,3:1,4:1的钴铁和镁铁水滑石。XRD分析表明两者晶体结构相似,但TG—DTA分析表明两者热稳定性存在显著差异,钴铁水滑石只在180℃附近有一个吸热峰,而镁铁水滑石在200℃和365℃附近有两个吸热峰,分别对应于层间水和层板羟基及层间碳酸根离子的脱除,这说明后者的层间水分子和碳酸根离子与层板上的羟基及金属原子之间的相互作用力强于前者,镁铁水滑石的热稳定性强于钴铁水滑石。  相似文献   

2.
层状前体镁铁水滑石及磁性材料的制备及表征   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
本文提出了利用镁铁水滑石作为磁性材料前体再经高温焙烧制备尖晶石型铁氧体的思路,深入研究了水滑石的制备工艺及结构性能并初步探讨了其焙烧后的磁学性能。由共沉淀法合成了Mg/Fe摩尔比为2,3,4,6的镁铁水滑石,XRD结果表明随镁铁比增大、晶化温度的升高及晶化时间的延长,水滑石的晶体结构规整性增强;热重-差热结果显示镁铁水滑石的分解有两个过程,随着镁铁比增大,水滑石的热稳定性提高。高温焙烧后的镁铁水滑石具有较好的磁学性能。  相似文献   

3.
韩江政  赵振冬  樊毅  王岚 《化学研究》2013,(2):149-154,158
采用镍铁类水滑石作为吸附剂,对偶氮阴离子染料酸性大红G、活性艳红X-3B和直接耐酸大红4BS废水进行脱色处理,研究了时间、镍与铁的物质的量之比、初始pH和无机电解质添加剂等因素对脱色率的影响,并结合红外光谱和X射线衍射分析结果讨论了其吸附脱色机理.结果表明,三种染料在镍铁类水滑石上的吸附均为层间的阴离子交换吸附和外表面的吸附.通过阴离子交换进入层间后,不同于直接耐酸大红4BS阴离子,酸性大红G和活性艳红X-3B两种阴离子与水滑石层间水分子之间产生氢键作用;在化学键合过程中,染料分子被镍铁类水滑石表面Fe3+氧化,同时偶氮键断裂导致脱色.  相似文献   

4.
用改良尿素法制备了镁铁水滑石(MgFe-LDH),对其在小球藻油脂合成生物柴油反应中的催化性能进行了研究。利用XRD、FT-IR、SEM及FT-IR拟合、去卷积分析等技术对所制备的MgFe-LDH进行了表征,考察了pH值、Mg/Fe摩尔比、反应温度和时间对其结构和性能的影响。结果表明,Mg/Fe摩尔比为3或4、pH值为9.5,在110 ℃条件下反应10 h,所制备的MgFe-LDH(Mg3Fe或Mg4Fe)结晶度最高,粒径均匀,结构规整。与Mg/Fe摩尔比为2的MgFe-LDH(Mg2Fe)相比,Mg3Fe或Mg4Fe在完全分解焙烧时,其层板结构保持稳定,具有较高的晶体结晶度、较多的催化活性位和较高的催化活性。以Mg3Fe金属氧化物为催化剂,在醇/油摩尔比为6时反应1.5 h,生物柴油产率可达87%;该催化剂循环使用3次,仍具一定催化活性。  相似文献   

5.
一种新型的纳米功能材料:磁性纳米镁铝水滑石   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11       下载免费PDF全文
本文将磁性基质与镁铝水滑石进行组装首次合成出一种新型的纳米磁性功能材料—磁性纳米镁铝水滑石。这种新型纳米功能材料的XRD及TA结果表明,镁铝水滑石赋予磁性后并没有改变其层状结构的典型特征。样品的TEM图表明,磁性基质的加入后样品的颗粒粒径并没有明显增大,且保持在20~50nm之间。对磁性镁铝水滑石磁性能的考察结果表明,样品的比饱和磁化强度随磁性基质含量的增加而线性增加。  相似文献   

6.
程序升温焙烧技术研究水滑石热分解动力学   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
催化剂前体一般为硝酸盐、碳酸盐、草酸盐和水滑石等易热分解的化合物,经过干燥、高温焙烧以及还原、活化处理后,得到催化剂的活性组分。焙烧条件的选择是催化剂制备过程中的重要环节,一般采用TGDTA分析来确定[1]。高温下有些载体分子内失水以及含结晶水的前体,在不同温度下水的逐步脱除会使TGDTA曲线变得复杂,影响对这些化合物本身热分解动力学的计算。程序升温焙烧(TPC)技术是一种比较简易、方便的实验方法[2],可以灵敏、直观地研究催化剂前驱体的热分解过程并进行动力学计算。水滑石(hydrotalc…  相似文献   

7.
提出了一种由层状前体合成单一晶相镁铁尖晶石的新方法,首先对Mg Fe(Ⅱ) Fe(Ⅲ)水滑石的制备进行了系统研究,成功合成了Mg2 +/Fe2 +/Fe3+摩尔比分别为 1/2/1,4/5/3,2/1/1的系列水滑石层状前体,结果表明在以上三种投料比下均可制备出晶型较好的水滑石层状前体,并探讨了合成条件对晶体结构的影响规律.在此基础上,利用X射线衍射、振动样品磁强计和穆斯堡尔谱等手段研究了层状前体焙烧产物的结构、组成、磁性及微观信息,研究表明当Mg2 +/Fe2 +/Fe3+投料摩尔比为 2/1/1时,焙烧层状前体可得到晶相单一的尖晶石型铁氧体  相似文献   

8.
层状前体镍铁水滑石及磁性材料的制备及表征   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
周彤  李峰  战可涛  Evans D.G  段雪  张密林 《化学学报》2002,60(6):1078-1083
提出了利用镍铁水滑石作为磁性前体再经高温焙制备尖晶石型铁氧体思路,深 入研究了水滑石的制备工艺及结构性能并初步探讨了其焙烧后的磁学性能。由共沉 淀法合成了Ni/Fe摩尔比为2,3,4,6的镍铁水滑石,XRD结果表明镍铁比为3时晶 形较为理想,且随着晶化温度的升高及晶化时间的延长,水滑石的晶体结构规整性 增强。热重-差热结果显示镍铁水滑石的分解有两个过程,当镍铁比为3时,水滑石 的热稳定性相对最高。高温焙烧后的镍铁水滑石具有磁性。  相似文献   

9.
采用共沉淀法合成了谷氨酸插层镁铝类水滑石(LDH),对所制备的试样进行了X-射线衍射和红外光谱表征,对LDH去除水中铅离子的能力进行了讨论,研究了吸附过程的吸附动力学和吸附等温线。结果表明,谷氨酸能嵌入镁铝水滑石的层间,该插层水滑石能有效吸附水中铅离子,吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型,吸附等温曲线可用Langmuir模型来描述,吸附量可达68.49mg/g。  相似文献   

10.
纳米晶镁铝水滑石的制备及其热分解机理   总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15  
研究了无机阻燃剂镁铝水滑石纳米晶的制备及其热分解机理.采用常压下,一步反应的液相法制备镁铝水滑石试样,用XRD和TEM测试试样的相组成和形貌,针状镁铝水滑石纳米晶体的长度约80 nm.依据DSC和DTA-TG测试结果,发现镁铝水滑石纳米晶的热分解由两个阶段组成:第一个吸热峰出现在220 ℃左右,第二个吸热峰出现在380 ℃左右.研究了反应时间对所得镁铝水滑石试样的热分解性能的影响,发现延长反应时间,镁铝水滑石试样的第一次、第二次热分解的起始温度升高,第一次热分解的失重值增大,最后剩余氧化物的量增大,从而增强镁铝水滑石阻燃剂的阻燃性能.根据不同升温速率下获得的DSC测试数据,应用Achar微分法、Šatava-Šesták积分法和Ozawa积分法对镁铝水滑石纳米晶热分解的第二个阶段进行了动力学计算和分析,确定该段的热分解机理函数积分式为(1-α)-1-1.  相似文献   

11.
MgFe水滑石类化合物的制备与表征   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
王岚  陈慧琴  詹正坤 《合成化学》2002,10(6):531-533
采用共沉淀法合成了一系列MgFe水滑石类化合物。元素分析结果表明MgFe水滑石中Mg/Fe摩尔比与投料比基本一致。X-衍射结果显示,当Mg/Fe摩尔比为2,3或4时水滑石结晶度好、纯度高。差热-热重测试结果表明MgFe水滑石的分解有两个过程,分别对应于175℃和353℃的吸热峰。  相似文献   

12.
The intercalates of Naphthol Yellow S, Tropaeolin 000, and Tropaeolin 00 were prepared by heating [Zn0.67Al0.33(OH)2](CO3)0.165 · 0.5H2O with acidic forms of the dye solutions in an open reaction vessel. The intercalates were characterized by chemical and thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction and UV–VIS spectroscopy. A possible arrangement of the dye molecules in the intercalates was suggested on the basis of their chemical compositions and interlayer distances, by taking into account van der Waals dimensions of the guest molecules and by assuming that the structure of the host layers is not changed during the intercalation process.This revised version was published online in July 2005 with a corrected issue number.  相似文献   

13.
The intercalates of 9,10-anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate, 9,10-anthraquinone-2-sulfonate, and 2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonate anions were prepared by heating [Zn0.67Al0.33(OH)2](CO3)0.165 · 0.5H2O with a solution of corresponding acid in an open reaction vessel. The intercalates were characterized by chemical and thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction and UV-vis spectroscopy. Thermal behavior of the intercalates prepared was followed by in situ X-ray diffraction. Dehydration was reversible for all three intercalates. If the samples dehydrated at 400 °C reacted with water, brucite-like layers of the host were reconstructed. Received in final form: 14 January 2005  相似文献   

14.
采用共沉淀法制备了一系列具有类水滑石结构前驱体的Ni/CaO-Al2O3复合催化剂,考察了制备过程中焙烧温度对复合催化剂结构及性能的影响。结果表明,焙烧温度可调控活性组分Ni与载体之间的相互作用力,进而调变复合催化剂的比表面积、活性组分Ni的颗粒粒径。当焙烧温度为700 ℃时,Ni与载体之间相互作用力适宜,复合催化剂具有最大的比表面积(21.42 m2/g)和最小的Ni颗粒粒径(19.51 nm);该复合催化剂在CO2吸附强化CH4/H2O重整制氢过程中可得到98.31%的H2浓度和94.87%的CH4转化率,循环10次后,H2浓度仍能保持在97.35%以上。这是因为大的比表面积为反应提供了更多的活性位点,利于CO2吸附过程的强化,而小的Ni颗粒粒径提高了复合催化剂的抗烧结能力。  相似文献   

15.
采用水热法将碘氧化铋(BiOI)负载到锌镁铝类水滑石(ZnMgAl-HTLCs)上制备得到BiOI/ZnMgAl-HTLCs可见光催化剂。 通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)等技术手段考察了BiOI负载质量分数、反应温度、反应时间及加料顺序等因素对BiOI/ZnMgAl-HTLCs光催化剂结构及形貌的影响。 结果表明,在制备BiOI/ZnMgAl-HTLCs材料中先加入锌镁铝类水滑石,负载质量分数为40%的BiOI,反应温度为140 ℃,反应时间为24 h,可以得到结晶度高和形貌较好的BiOI/ZnMgAl-HTLCs。  相似文献   

16.
以H2SiO3、CaCO3、TiO2为原料,通过固相反应合成榍石,并对合成的榍石进行热处理和60Co源辐照试验,借助X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、红外光谱(IR)、激光拉曼光谱(LRS)等分析手段,研究合成榍石的抗辐照稳定性和热稳定性.结果表明,辐照累计剂量为5.76×105Gy的60Co源辐照没有造成榍石晶格的辐射损伤,合成的榍石具有良好的抗辐照稳定性;在200℃、400℃、600℃、800℃热处理24h,榍石晶体没有发生物相变化,合成榍石晶体具有良好的热稳定性.  相似文献   

17.
The aim of the present work was to investigate the synthesis,characterization and electrochemical properties of the nitroprusside anions (NP)into zinc and aluminium layered double hydroxides (LDHs). The materials were prepared by thecoprecipitation method under constant pH, followed by a hydrothermal treatment. Theprepared materials were characterised by a set of analysis methods, such as powderX-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetry(TG), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The resultsshowed that the electrochemical response of NP ions into LDH structure is similar to thatfound for complex ions free in solution. In addition, our results reveal the dependence ofthe electrochemical response on the nature of the supporting electrolyte, for either cationic oranionic species.  相似文献   

18.
The thixotropic behavior of Mg-Al hydrotalcite-like compound (HTlc)/cationic starch (CS) suspensions was investigated as a function of the mass ratio (> 0.08) of HTlc to CS, the electrolyte and the temperature, respectively. The thixotropy was studied by monitoring viscosity (η) change during the recovery process as a function of time (t) after the cessation of intensive shear. The results showed that the strength of negative thixotropy of the CS solution decreased with the increasing of electrolyte (NaCl, CaCl2, or AlCl3) concentration and the temperature. The thixotropic type of the HTlc/CS suspensions could transform from negative to complex, positive, complex, and then to negative thixotropy with the increasing of HTlc content if CS was the main component of the suspensions. In addition, the thixotropic type of the HTlc/CS suspensions transformed from original type to positive thixotropy with the increasing of electrolyte concentration and the temperature.  相似文献   

19.
Neutral ferrocene‐based burning rate (BR) catalysts show strong migration trends and volatility during long‐time storage and curing of the composite solid propellants. To reduce these disadvantages thirty‐two ferrocenyl quaternary ammonium compounds, paired with polycyano anions, were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and UV/Vis spectroscopy, as well as elemental analysis. Additionally, crystal structures of eight compounds were confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. TG and DSC analyses indicated that the compounds containing 1,1,2,3,3‐pentacyanopropenide anions show high thermal stability. Cyclic voltammetry studies suggested that they are quasi‐reversible or irreversible redox systems. Anti‐migration tests verified that the tested compounds show very low migration tendency and some of them exhibit no migration after 30 days aging at 70 °C. Their catalytic efficiency in the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP), 1,3,5‐trinitro‐1,3,5‐triazacyclohexane (RDX), and 1,2,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetraazacyclooctane (HMX) were examined by DSC analyses. The results revealed that most of the compounds exhibit distinct effects on the thermal degradation of AP and RDX. Two compounds have good catalytic ability in the thermal decomposition of HMX, representing rare examples of the reported ferrocenyl ionic compounds, which display catalytic property during combustion of HMX.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号