SEP对PP/PS共混物的增容作用

研究了苯乙烯 -乙烯 /丙烯二嵌段共聚物 (SEP)对聚丙烯 /聚苯乙烯 (PP/PS)共混物的形态和力学性能的影响。结果表明 ,SEP在PP/PS共混物中作为增容剂 ,降低了分散相的聚结 ,减小了分散相的平均粒子尺寸 ,大大改变了共混物的形态 ,提高了共混物的力学性能 ,对PP/PS( 2 0 /80 )共混物的增容作用较为显著     

PP/PS共混体系相结构形成与演变

以连续共混过程中间歇出料法研究了聚丙烯(PP)/聚苯乙烯(PS)体系共混过程中的扫描电镜图样演化过程,利用小角激光散射(SALS)证明了PP/苯乙烯-乙烯-丙烯嵌段共聚物(SEP)/PS体系的部分相容性,同时说明SALS研究聚合物熔体动态过程的有效性.针对扫描电镜图样,用重心粒径dg这一结构参数研究了PP/PS体系共混过程,利用分布函数求取了分散相PP分形维数,对共混过程中相分散进行了研究.     

动态固化聚丙烯/环氧树脂共混物的研究

将动态硫化技术应用于热塑性树脂 热固性树脂体系 ,制备了动态固化聚丙烯 (PP) 环氧树脂共混物 .研究了动态固化PP 环氧树脂共混物中两组分的相容性、力学性能、热性能和动态力学性能 .实验结果表明 ,马来酸酐接枝的聚丙烯 (PP g MAH)作为PP和环氧树脂体系的增容剂 ,使分散相环氧树脂颗粒变细 ,增加了两组分的界面作用力 ,改善了共混物的力学性能 .与PP相比 ,动态固化PP 环氧树脂共混物具有较高的强度和模量 ,含 5 %环氧树脂的共混物拉伸强度和弯曲模量分别提高了 30 %和 5 0 % ,冲击强度增加了 15 % ,但断裂伸长率却明显降低 .继续增加环氧树脂的含量 ,共混物的拉伸强度和弯曲模量增加缓慢 ,冲击强度无明显变化 ,断裂伸长率进一步降低 .动态力学性能分析 (DMTA)表明动态固化PP 环氧树脂共混物是两相结构 ,具有较高的储能模量 (E′)     

反应性单体改性PP/PS共混物结晶与熔融行为

制备了三种反应性单体和两种PP接枝物改性的PP／PS共混物,用DSC研究了改性PP／PS共混物的结晶与熔融行为。结果表明：PS的加入提高了PP的结晶温度,两种接枝物的加入进一步提高共混物中PP的结晶温度,少量反应性单体对结晶温度影响不大,但高用量时则明显提高共混物的结晶温度;外加接枝物或者反应性单体对共混物中PP的熔融温度影响不大,但是熔融峰形与结晶温度高低有关。     

PP-SBS共混物光氧化降解的研究

和橡胶类树脂进行共混是聚丙烯(PP)改性的重要途径之一,共混有橡胶组分的PP改性树脂在其力学性能获得改进的同时,其老化性能必然也有一定的变化,我们用红外光谱方法研究了聚丙烯和苯乙烯-丁二烯星型嵌段共聚物的共混物(PP-SBS)的光氧化降解行为。     

PP/PP-g-MAH/PA6共混物结构与可纺性研究

运用DSC、SEM、纺丝成形等手段研究了增容剂聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐 (PP g MAH)对聚丙烯 聚酰胺 6(PP PA6 )共混物结构和性能的影响 .结果表明 ,共混物呈典型海岛型两相结构 ;增容剂PP g MAH与PA6之间的在位反应改善了PP PA6共混体系的相容性 ,使共混物中PA6的热结晶峰消失 ,PP的结晶生长速率和成核速率降低 ,可纺性提高     

侧链液晶离聚物对PA1010/PP共混体系的增容作用

将聚酰胺（PA1010）、聚丙烯（PP）和热致型侧链液晶离聚物（SLCI）进行熔融共混，采用FTIR，SEM，DSC，WAXD研究测定了共混物中的相互作用，用形态结构，热行为和结晶行为，系统地研究了SLCI对PA101／PP共混物的增容作用。结果表明，SLCI有效地改善了PA1010／PP共混物的形态结构，增强了PA1010与PP链间的相互作用，使PA1010／PP熔点升高，结晶度提高。     

熔体黏度对黏土在聚丙烯/聚苯乙烯共混物中优先插层行为的影响

通过熔融共混法在160℃加工条件下制备了聚丙烯/聚苯乙烯/黏土(PP/PS/clay)复合材料.X射线衍射分析(XRD)和透射电镜分析(TEM)的结果表明,黏土在共混物中存在着优先插层现象.黏土优先被PS分子链所插层,且不受PS组分含量和加料方式的影响.基于复合材料中PP和PS组分的熔体黏度对温度敏感性的差别,通过改变加工温度的方法,研究组分的黏度差别对黏土优先插层行为的影响.随共混加工温度的升高,黏土在共混物中的分布位置逐渐从PS相向PP相迁移.TEM和动态黏弹行为测试(ARES)的结果表明,组分间黏度的差别能控制黏土的优先插层行为.组分黏度越高,加工过程中所能传递的剪切应力就越大,插层能力也就越强.     

聚丙烯/POE共混组成对材料断裂行为的影响

采用基本断裂功(EWF)方法对聚丙烯(PP)/聚烯烃弹性体(POE)共混物的注射双边缺口拉伸试样的断裂行为进行了研究,比较了不同POE含量对共混物各断裂参数的影响.结果表明,PP和用量为5phr POE的共混物都可完全满足EWF方法的要求,共混物的断裂韧性-比基本断裂功we,较PP有显著提高;POE用量为10phr以上的共混物则出现明显的成颈现象而限制了EWF方法的应用;PP和各种POE用量的共混物都得到了其屈服所需要的比基本断裂功we,y和比塑性功β′wp,y.     

多单体接枝聚丙烯对PBT/PP共混体系的形态结构及力学性能影响研究

研究了甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯 (GMA)和苯乙烯 (St)多单体熔融接枝聚丙烯 (PP g (GMA co St) )对聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯 (PBT) 聚丙烯 (PP)共混物的形态结构和力学性能的影响 .利用双螺杆挤出机对PBT PP合金进行共混挤出 ,使用DSC、FT IR和SEM、TEM等手段对共混物进行了分析和相形态观察 ,并测试了力学性能 .实验证明 ,熔融共混过程中PP g (GMA co St)的环氧基团可以与PBT的端羧基发生化学反应 ,就地生成了PBT g PP共聚物 ,该共聚物可对PBT PP合金起到良好的增容剂作用 ,使共混物的相区尺寸显著减小 ,共混物的拉伸强度和冲击强度等力学性能同时得到明显改善 ,达到了弹性体系或小分子增容所难以达到的力学性能平衡的效果 .此外 ,TEM的研究还在PBT PP g (GMA co St)共混物中发现了特殊的微相分离结构     

FIBRE-FORMING OF ETHYL CELLULOSE IN POLYPROPYLENE MELT

Ethyl cellulose (EC), taken as a thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer, was blended with polypropylene (PP), followed by injection molding. Fibre-forming of EC in the PP matrix is analyzed,based on the rheological data,dynamic mechanical analysis and fracture micrographs of EC/PP blends. The addition of maleated PP, for the modification of the interphasial interaction between the PP matrix and the EC fibrils, did not impair the fiber formation substantially.     

界面张力对高分子共混物梯度相形态形成的影响研究

研究了界面张力对ＰＰ／ＥＶＡ共混体系梯度相形态形成的影响。首先将ＥＶＡｃ进行皂化反应得到一系列－ＯＨ基含量不同即极性不同的ＥＶＡ，然后将这些ＥＶＡ分别与ＰＰ共混从而得到一系列相界面张力不同的共混物。说明通过对共混物相界面张力的调整，可以达到随意控制梯度相形态形成速度的目的。     

Influence of Phase Morphology on Molecular Mobility of Poly(propylene)-(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Copolymer Blends

The dynamic mechanical and dielectric behaviours of Polypropylene (PP) and (Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate) Copolymer (EVA) blends are reported as a function of the morphology. For EVA contents lower than 20%, blends show the two-phase morphology characteristic of immiscible blends, with spherical EVA droplets finely dispersed in the PP matrix. After stretching in the molten state, the morphology of EVA fibers is observed. Mechanical Relaxation Spectroscopy display three relaxation processes: the EVA and PP α-relaxations associated to the glass transitions and a β-transition corresponding to a PP crystalline phase relaxation. The PP α-relaxation shifts to higher temperatures when EVA presents a fiber morphology, corresponding to a decrease of PP chain mobility since it is hindered by the reinforcement effect of EVA fibers. Quite different results are obtained by DRS analysis. In blends containing EVA fibers, only one main relaxation associated to the EVA α-transition is observed whereas one additional relaxation can be noticed in the blends containing EVA droplets. This new relaxation might be assigned to interfacial polarization effects, phenomena that are sometimes observed in heterogeneous polymer blends when a low content of one polar component is embedded in a non conductive matrix. In this case, the occurrence of a characteristic interfacial polarization relaxation appears to be correlated to the accessible experimental frequency.     

EFFECT OF COMPATIBILITY ON PHASE MORPHOLOGY AND ORIENTATION OF ISOTACTIC POLYPROPYLENE （IPP） BLENDS OBTAINED BY DYNAMIC PACKING INJECTION MOLDING

The effect of compatibility on phase morphology and orientation of isotactic polypropylene （iPP） blends under shear stress was investigated via dynamic packing injection molding （DPIM）. The compatibility of iPP blended with other polymers, namely, atactic polypropylene （aPP）, octane-ethylene copolymer （POE）, ethylene-propylene-diene rubber （EPDM） and poly（ethylene-co-vinyl acetate） （EVA）, have first been studied using dynamic mechanical analysis （DMA）. These blends were subjected to DPIM, which relies on the application of shear stress fields to the melt/solid interfaces during the packing stage by means of hydraulically actuated pistons. The phase morphology, orientation and mechanical properties of the injection-molded samples were characterized by SEM, 2D WAXS and Instron. For incompatible iPP/EVA blends, a much elongated and deformed EVA particles and a higher degree of iPP chain orientation were observed under the effect of shear. However, for compatible iPP/aPP blends, a less deformed and elongated aPP particles and less oriented iPP chains were deduced. It can be concluded that the compatibility between the components decreases the deformation and orientation in the polymer blends. This is most likely due to the hindering effect, resulting from the molecular entanglement and interaction in the compatible system.     

聚丙烯高速纺丝的研究

研究了分子量、分子量分布及纺丝工艺条件对聚丙烯高速纺得卷绕丝的结构及力学性质的影响。结果表明:改变聚丙烯树脂和调节纺丝工艺条件(如绕丝速度、纺丝温度和泵供量等)可以获得各种织构的聚丙烯纤维。适当选择上述参数以控制或改变卷绕丝的织构可提高高速纺出聚丙烯纤维的质量。     

显微镜图像分析研究聚丙烯/尼龙1010共混物相结构及其性能

用扫描电子显微镜图像分析研究了聚丙烯/聚酰胺1010共混物及其部分相容体系的相形态结构,计算了表征相结构和尺寸的结构参数,如分散相的平均直径、平均弦长和分散相的质心相关距等.并分别讨论了聚丙烯/聚酰胺1010共混物及其部分相容体系的相形态以及其结构参数与共混物组成的关系.测定了聚合物及其共混物体系的力学性能,讨论了共混物组成与力学性能的关系.聚丙烯/聚酰胺1010共混物的拉伸模量与组成的关系较为复杂,但其部分相容体系的拉伸模量与组成呈线性关系.聚丙烯/聚酰胺1010及其共混物体系的屈服强度与共混物组成均呈线性关系.表征相结构的两相平均弦长比(l-1/-l2)与组成以及共混物体系力学性能与组成的关系,二者相似.同时讨论了体系力学性能随相尺寸等的变化规律.     

Improvement of interfacial adhesion in PP/PS blends enhanced with supersonic atmosphere plasma spraying surface‐treated carbon fiber

The effects of surface treatment of a carbon fiber (CF) by supersonic atmosphere plasma spraying (SAPS) on the interfacial adhesion behavior and morphology of polypropylene/polystyrene (PP/PS) matrix blends filled CF composites were investigated. Effects of surface treated a commercial CF on mechanical properties are studied. Contact angle was measured to examine the changes in wettability of the CF. The chemical and morphological changes were characterized by using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. PP/PS/CF composites were fabricated with and without SAPS treatment, and their interlaminar fracture toughnesses were compared. The results showed that the interlaminar shear strength of composites has been greatly improved filled SAPS modification CF. The water contact angle of resin sample decreased 50% after addition of SAPS surface‐treated CF. Scanning electron microscopy results on the fractured surface exhibited PP/PS blends adhered well around the CFs of the SAPS‐treated specimen compared with that of the untreated specimen. This attributed to the CF interlock, and it improves the wetting between fibers and resins. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

碳纤维对聚丙烯结晶行为的影响

本文用偏光显微镜和示差扫描量热计(DSC)方法研究了碛纤维对聚丙烯结晶行为的影响。碳纤维表面对聚丙烯结晶过程具有明显的促进作用,纤维表面成核密度轻高,结晶生长成为横穿结晶,结晶特征温度随碳纤维加入而有不同程度的升高。结晶动力学表明:结晶生长本质仍是球晶机理,促进聚丙烯结晶的原因是碳纤维使结晶过程的表面自由能降低。     

γ-辐射对聚丙烯及聚丙烯/聚乙烯共混物结晶熔融行为的影响

<正> 近年人们对于聚丙烯(PP)辐射效应的研究与日俱增,主要目的在于寻求增强PP辐射稳定性的有效途径。迄今为止文献报道的方法有:添加小分子游动剂(mobilizing addi-tives)、抗氧剂、多官能团单体等,笔者曾研究过不同晶型和含少量聚乙烯(PE)链     

球形聚丙烯粒子固相接枝苯乙烯的研究

用负载型高效球形催化剂催化丙烯本体聚合获得了孔隙率较高的球形聚丙烯 (PP)粒子 .研究了苯乙烯在这种球形多孔PP粒子中的接枝聚合反应 ,考察了各种聚合条件对接枝率及接枝效率的影响 ,并用FTIR、DSC、GPC、粘度测定及偏光显微镜 (PLM)等方法表征了接枝聚合产物的结构和形态 .研究表明 ,球形PP粒子固相接枝苯乙烯不仅可达较高接枝率 (最高达 2 4 % )和接枝效率 (最高达 5 6 7% ) ,PS相区尺寸小、分布均匀 ,而且产物为形态规则的球形颗粒 ,有利于防止聚合物结块和粘壁 .但PP接枝PS后分子量有所下降 ,表明PP接枝PS的同时伴随着轻微的降解