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韩冰贾永梅李志果周国华刘培炼余彪张玲玲薛茗月 《分析科学学报》2022,(3):371-376
核酸适配体作为一种新型识别分子,具有亲和力高、稳定性强、制备成本低、特异性强等优点,但其自身不具有信号转换功能,它与靶标分子特异性结合过程,不可产生被检测的物理化学信号。因此,需将核酸适配体与靶标分子特异性识别结合过程转为易于被检测的物理化学信号变化的过程。根据信号转换方式的不同,可将适配体生物传感器分为荧光适配体传感器、比色适配体传感器、电化学适配体传感器和表面拉曼散射适配体传感器。本文对基于以上4种检测信号的核酸适配体生物传感器在黄曲霉毒素(AFB1)检测方面的应用进行综述,并概述该类传感器应用前景和当前面临的挑战。 相似文献
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功能核酸是具有特定结构和功能的天然或人工核酸序列。一些金属离子是人体必需的微量元素,但过量的金属离子会对人体健康带来危害。功能核酸具有易于修饰、价格低廉、稳定性高、特异性强等优点,被广泛应用于金属离子的检测。本文详细介绍了功能核酸与金属之间的相互作用,主要包括DNA/RNA切割型、连接型、错配型、点击化学型、构象改变型以及其它类型;以及功能核酸与不同信号输出方式相结合的生物传感器。最后讨论了功能核酸在金属离子检测过程中的优势以及现存的问题,对功能核酸生物传感器未来的发展方向以及应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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近年来,以共轭聚合物作为生物传感元件,在生物大分子(如核酸、蛋白质)特异性识别、检测方面的研究越来越受到人们的关注。共轭聚合物具有强的光捕获能力,具有倍增光学响应性,可用来放大荧光传感信号,大大提高检测的灵敏度,为生物传感器的发展提供了新的传感模式。基于共轭聚合物的新型生物传感器在医疗诊断、环境检测以及国家安全防御等方面具有广泛的应用前景。本文简要介绍了共轭聚合物的荧光信号放大机制以及在蛋白质、酶、抗原-抗体检测方面的应用。最后对共轭聚合物在蛋白质检测方面的未来发展趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
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核酸适体是一类经由指数富集的配体系统进化(SELEX)技术在体外筛选获得的单链寡核苷酸片段,由于具有可人工批量合成、价格低廉、易于功能化修饰、特异性强、亲和力高、免疫原性低、批间差异小、热稳定性好等优良特性,在分析化学、疾病治疗以及生物医学研究等诸多领域备受关注。结合代表性案例,该文综述了核酸适体在电化学生物传感领域的应用。首先简要概述了核酸适体及电化学适体传感器的特点,分类阐述了电化学适体传感器在小分子化合物、蛋白质、外泌体、循环肿瘤细胞(CTCs)以及病原微生物检测中的应用,并重点介绍了相关检测方法的原理、分析特性以及所应用的信号放大策略,最后对电化学适体传感器的发展进行了展望。 相似文献
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《分析试验室》2021,40(5):605-612
DNA电化学生物传感器是一类以DNA为敏感元件或检测对象,将核酸分子特异性识别过程中产生的信号通过换能器转化为电信号,从而实现对目标物定性或定量检测的传感器,具有响应速度快、操作简单、选择性好、灵敏度高、检测成本低等优点,实现了多领域中重金属、真菌毒素、核酸等的快速实时检测。介绍了DNA电化学生物传感器的组装单元、电化学指示剂类型,以DNA二级构型角度综述了DNA电化学生物传感器的四大类特殊结构,并汇总其在临床、中医药、生态环境保护及食品安全等领域中重金属的检测应用研究,对新型DNA电化学生物传感器的设计与其在更多领域的拓展应用提供借鉴价值。 相似文献
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三聚氰胺常被非法添加到食品中,以提高食品中蛋白质的含量。但是,三聚氰胺一旦进入体内,会对人们的健康造成伤害。因此,对三聚氰胺的检测十分必要。为了弥补传统仪器检测法和免疫检测法的不足,基于核酸适配体开发了一系列新的生物传感器,用于三聚氰胺的检测。按照与三聚氰胺的不同识别机制,把这些新的生物传感器分成了四类,分别为基于多聚胸腺嘧啶DNA链和三聚氰胺识别的生物传感器、基于无嘌呤位点的三链DNA结构和三聚氰胺识别的生物传感器、基于核酸适配体和三聚氰胺识别的生物传感器、基于三聚氰胺和汞离子/铜离子等配位识别的生物传感器。本文按照上述四类方法逐个展开,对核酸适配体生物传感器在三聚氰胺检测中的应用进行了综述,并对它们的优缺点进行阐述。 相似文献
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Zai-Hui DU Xiang-Yang LI Jing-Jing TIAN Yang-Zi Zhang Hong-Tao TIAN Wen-Tao XU 《分析化学》2018,46(7):995-1004
Functional nucleic acids are natural or artificial nucleic acid sequences with specific functions and special structures. A part of metal ions are essential trace elements of human health, but excessive metal ions will be harmful to human health. The functional nucleic acids are widely used for detection of metal ions because of its advantages such as easy modification, low price, high stability and strong specificity. This paper detailed the interaction between functional nucleic acids and metal ions, mainly including cutting type, link type, metal ion-mediated base pairing, click chemistry type, conformational change type, and other types. The biosensors based on the combination of functional nucleic acid with different signal output were then introduced. Finally, the research significance and existing problems of functional nucleic acid for metal ion detection were discussed. The future development trends and applications of functional nucleic acid biosensor were prospected. 相似文献
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In order to generate nucleic acid biosensors that could undergo a reversible conformation change in the presence of the metal
zinc, a random sequence pool of single-stranded DNA was immobilized on an oligonucleotide affinity column. In the presence
of zinc, those species that underwent a conformational change were released from the column, collected, and amplified. A series
of negative and positive selections refined the metal specificity of the selected aptamer beacons. Since the aptamer beacons
contained a fluorophore, while the bound oligonucleotide contained a quencher, zinc binding also resulted in an increase in
fluorescence. One of the selected beacons, Zn-6m2, bound zinc in the low micromolar range, gave a dose-dependent fluorescence
signal, and showed an approximately sixfold increase in fluorescence on zinc binding. While some cross-reactivity with cadmium
was observed, it should nonetheless prove possible to use the novel selection method to generate and tune the specificity
of a variety of reversible metal biosensors. Such biosensors could potentially be used for continuous monitoring of metals
in environmental samples. 相似文献
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《中国科学:化学(英文版)》2017,(3)
The heavy metal ions,especially Cd~(2+),Pb~(2+) and Hg~(2+),show extremely hazard to the environment and human being.The measurement of heavy metal ions using sensors is catching more and more attention for its advantages of high sensitivity and selectivity,low-cost,convenience to handle and rapid detection.In recent years,nanomaterials such as gold nanoparticles(NPs),magnetic nanoparticles,graphene and nanocomposite materials are applied in sensors for improving sensitivity and selectivity,making the research on electrochemical(EC) sensors,spectrometric biosensors and colorimetric biosensors become a hot spot in the application to investigate heavy metal ions,in particular,Cd~(2+),Pb~(2+) and Hg~(2+).In this short review,the research of advanced detection of Cd~(2+),Pb~(2+) and Hg~(2+) and its progress based on nanomaterial sensors in recent years is reviewed. 相似文献
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《Mendeleev Communications》2023,33(3):343-345
Fluorescent red-emissive carbon dots (RCDs) were synthesized using the solvothermal method with citric acid as a carbon source, N,N-dimethylformamide as a nitrogen source, and formamide as a solvent. The as-synthesized RCDs show red fluorescence in an aqueous solution and have an excellent stability towards photobleaching as well as extremely low cytotoxicity and are successfully used for cell and zebrafish imaging. The results indicate that RCDs have potential applications in both in vitro and in vivo bioimaging. 相似文献
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Ashutosh Kumar Buddhadev Purohit Pawan Kumar Maurya Lalit Mohan Pandey Pranjal Chandra 《Electroanalysis》2019,31(9):1615-1629
The design and development of modern biosensors for sensitive and selective detection of various biomarkers is important in diversified arenas including healthcare, environment, and food industries etc. The requirement of more robust and reliant biosensors lead to the development of various sensing modules. The nanomaterials having specific optical, electrical, and mechanical strength can pave the way towards development of ultrafast, robust, and miniaturized modules for biosensors. It can provide not only the point‐of‐care applicability but also has tremendous commercial as well as industrial justification. In order to improve the performance of the sensor systems, various nanostructure materials have been readily studied and applied for development of novel biosensors. In the last few years, researchers are engaged on harnessing the unique atomic and molecular properties of advance‐engineered materials including carbon nanotubes, graphene nanosheets, metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, and their nano‐conjugates. In view of such recent developments in nanomaterial engineering, the current review has been formulated emphasizing the role of these materials in surface engineering, biomolecule conjugation, and signal amplification for development of various ultrasensitive and robust biosensors having commercial as well as industrial viability. Attention is given on the electrochemical biosensors incorporating various nanomaterials and their conjugates. Importance of nanomaterials in the analytical performance of the various biosensor has also been discussed. To put a perceptive insights on the importance of various nanomaterials, an extended table is incorporated, which includes probe design, analyte, LOD, and dynamic range of various electrochemical biosensors. 相似文献
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Monolayers of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) immobilized on surfaces form the basis of a number of important biotechnology applications, including DNA microarrays and biosensors. The organization of ssDNA as layer on a solid substrate allows one to investigate various properties of the DNA in a controlled manner and to use DNA for analytical applications as well as for exploring futuristic schemes for molecular electronics. It is commonly assumed that the adsorbed DNA layer contains some structural water and the cations. Here we show, based on XPS studies, that when monolayers of ssDNA are formed from sodium phosphate buffer and washed thoroughly, no Na+ signal is detected. A finite concentration of ions is observed when the DNA is made from a solution of Mg2+ ions, but it is still only a fifth of what it would be if all the phosphate ions were fully neutralized by the metal cations. 相似文献
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《中国科学:化学(英文版)》2017,(5)
Functional nucleic acids(FNAs)-based biosensors have shown great potential in heavy metal ions detection due to their low-cost and easy to operate merits. However, in most FNAs based fluorescence probes, the ingenious designs of double-labeled(fluorophore and quencher group) DNA sequence, not only bring the annoyance of organic synthesis, but also restrict its use as a robust biosensor in practical duties. In this paper, we design a simple AIEgens functional nucleic acids(AFNAs) probe which consists of only fluorogen but no quencher group. With the help of duplex-specific nuclease(DSN) enzyme based target recycling, high fluorescence signal and superior sensitivity towards Hg~(2+) are achieved. This robust assay allows for sensitive and selective detection of Hg~(2+) in real water samples and mapping of intracellular Hg~(2+), without double-labeling of oligonucleotide with a dye-quencher pair, nor the multiple assay steps. 相似文献
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Rapid and continuous detection of environmental contaminants in effluents and waterways is important for protecting natural environments and public health, and for managing waster treatment systems. Although physicochemical methods have traditionally been employed for analyzing contaminants, monitoring using biological indicators has received increasing attention over the last few years for measuring toxic and bioavailable pollutants. A useful approach has been employing chemi-or bioluminescent reporter systems that involve whole bioluminescent microbes or biochemical reactions which provide rapid and visible responses to the presence of harmful chemicals, including heavy metal ions and petrcchemial industry waters. Coupling such biological detection systems with optical biosensors for environmental monitoring combines rapid response times, low costs and improved reproducibility. 相似文献
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Zhi Zhu Ronghua Yang Mingxu You Xiaoling Zhang Yanrong Wu Weihong Tan 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2010,396(1):73-83
Over the past few years, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have been the focus of intense research motivated by their
unique physical and chemical properties. This review specifically summarizes recent progress in the development of fluorescence
biosensors that integrate the quenching property of SWNTs and the recognition property of functional nucleic acids. SWNTs
are substantially different from organic quenchers, showing superior quenching efficiency for a variety of fluorophores, with
low background and high signal-to-noise ratio, as well as other advantages derived from the nanomaterial itself. As the second
key component of biosensors, functional nucleic acids can bind to either their complementary DNA or a target molecule with
the ability to recognize a broad range of targets from metal ions to organic molecules, proteins, and even live cells. By
taking advantage of the strengths and properties of both SWNTs and nucleic acid based aptamers, a series of fluorescence biosensors
have been designed and fabricated for the detection of a broad range of analytes with high selectivity and sensitivity. 相似文献