密闭微波消解-冷原子荧光光谱法测定蔬菜中的痕量汞

采用硝酸和过氧化氢体系,密闭微波消解,冷原子荧光光谱法测定蔬菜中的痕量汞,选择0.3g/L硼氢化钾溶液为还原剂,硝酸溶液(1 99)为酸介质。测定结果表明汞浓度在0~1μg/L范围线性良好,相关系数大于0.9990,汞的加标回收率为90.2%~99.6%,测定结果的相对标准偏差均小于4%,检出限为0.0058μg/L。     

微波消解-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定土壤及生物样品中铅和汞

应用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定了土壤及生物样品中铅和汞。样品用硝酸4mL及过氧化氢1mL按微波消解仪的工作参数进行消解,消解后溶液定容至25mL供测定。用30g·L-1柠檬酸溶液和硝酸(1+99)溶液的混合液作载流,根据铅(Ⅱ)离子的反应和试液对酸度的要求,选用含15g·L-1硼氢化钾,10g·L-1铁氰化钾和20g·L-1氢氧化钾的混合溶液作为还原剂。方法的检出限(3s/k)为0.512μg·L-1(铅)和0.067μg·L-1(汞)。应用此方法分析了3种实样并进行加标回收试验,测得回收率分别在91.0%~97.0%(铅)和88.0%~95.5%(汞)之间。     

微波消解-原子荧光光谱法同时测定鱼体中砷和汞

为建立微波消解-原子荧光光谱法同时测定鱼体中砷和汞的测定方法,采用微波消解方法,双道原子荧光光谱法同时测定了鱼体中砷和汞的含量。结果表明,砷与汞的线性范围分别为0.2~2.0μg/L,0.0~50.0μg/L;相关系数分别为r=0.999 8和r=0.999 5;砷回收率为96.5%~101.5%之间,相对标准偏差(n=11)为1.22%,检出限为0.004 2μg/L;汞回收率为98.6%~103.0%,相对标准偏差(n=11)为0.67%,检出限为0.009 6μg/L。用该法测定鱼类中砷和汞,方法灵敏度高、操作简便快速、结果准确可靠。     

氯化亚锡还原-原子荧光光谱法测定银精矿中汞

建立了原子荧光光谱法测定银精矿中汞的分析方法。试样经盐酸、硝酸溶解,在盐酸介质中,以盐酸(5%)为载流,氯化亚锡(200g/L)溶液为还原剂,用原子荧光光谱法测定银精矿样品中汞的含量。对仪器的最佳工作条件、还原剂的种类和浓度、样品溶样方式、共存元素的干扰等各方面进行了详细研究。结果表明,方法的相对标准偏差为3.1%~9.1%,与冷原子吸收光谱法测定结果相吻合。方法的准确度和精密度均能满足银精矿样品的检测需求,值得推广使用。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定北虫草中总硒和无机硒

北虫草试样经硝酸-高氯酸(5+1)混合酸消解,用原子荧光光谱法测定总硒的含量;北虫草试样用盐酸浸提,用原子荧光光谱法测定无机硒的含量。使用溶于5g.L-1氢氧化钾溶液中的20g.L-1硼氢化钾溶液使与溶液中硒离子反应生成氢化物。分析中采用载气及屏蔽气的流量依次为500mL.min-1及1 000mL.min-1。荧光强度与硒的质量浓度在100μg·L-1以内呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3s/k)为0.2μg·L-1。应用此法测定北虫草中硒的含量,总砷测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在3.4%～3.9%之间,无机硒的平均回收率为103%。     

原子荧光光谱法测定铜合金中铋元素含量方法改进

基于原子荧光光谱法测定铋元素时检出限低、测定结果稳定且准确等优点,研究原子荧光光谱法测定铜合金中铋元素含量的方法。在标准系列中加入相近浓度的铜元素标准溶液,原子荧光光谱法测定铜合金中铋元素含量。称取0.1 g样品,加入10 mL硝酸溶解,10%硫脲-5%抗坏血酸溶液7.5 mL预处理样品。在20μg/L的铋标准溶液中加入6 mL浓度为1000μg/mL的铜元素标准溶液。结果表明:在0~20μg/L范围内,该方法线性关系良好,线性方程为I=138.1670c+43.8572,相关系数为0.9996,所测定的样品中铋元素含量的相对误差在-4.3%~7.7%之间,精密度在0.4%~4.7%之间。原子荧光光谱法可作为铜合金中铋元素含量测定的方法。     

原子荧光光谱法测定锡精矿中汞

建立了原子荧光光谱法测定锡精矿中汞的分析方法。试样经王水（1＋1）溶解,以盐酸（5%）为载流,氯化亚锡（200g/L）溶液为还原剂,用原子荧光光谱法测定样品中的汞。考察了测定的最佳条件、锡及共存元素对测定的影响。方法相对标准偏差为5.9%-6.3%,与冷原子吸收光谱法对比结果令人满意。方法的准确度和精密度均能满足分析需要,具有较强的实用性。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定水系沉积物中铋和汞

水系沉积物试样用盐酸-硝酸-水(3+1+4)混合溶液溶解,氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定铋和汞的含量。对介质酸度、硼氢化钾浓度、负高压和灯电流等影响铋和汞测定因素进行了试验并予以优化。铋和汞的检出限(3S/N)分别为0.02,0.01μg.L-1,相对标准偏差(n=11)均小于0.5%。应用此法分析了水系沉积物标准样品,测定值与推荐值相符。     

微波消解样品-原子荧光光谱法同时测定海苔中砷和汞

采用微波消解技术处理样品,用原子荧光光谱法同时测定海苔中砷和汞.砷和汞的回收率分别为90.0%～97.0%和90.0%～94.0%;砷和汞的检出限(S/N=3)分别为0.10μg·L-1和0.01μg·L-1.     

原子荧光光谱法测定大米中的汞

以氯化亚锡为还原剂,结合SYG-Ⅱ型智能冷原子荧光测汞的技术结构特点,研究了原子荧光光谱法对大米中汞的测定。汞标准浓度在0～2.0μg/L范围内与荧光强度具有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9997。该方法测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.06%(n=10),检出限为0.02mg/kg,加标回收率为90%～108%。     

密闭罐溶样–氢化物发生–原子荧光光谱法测定中药中的汞和砷

建立了密闭罐溶样–氢化物发生–原子荧光光谱法测定中药中痕量汞和砷的分析方法。采用密闭罐溶解复杂基体中药样品,进行易挥发元素分析的样品前处理,技术简单,快速,能耗低。汞和砷的质量浓度分别在0~10μg/L和0~200μg/L范围内与荧光强度成线性关系,线性相关系数均大于0.99。汞、砷的检出限分别为0.014,0.086μg/L;测定结果的相对标准偏差不大于4.67%(n=5);加标回收率分别为99.0%~106.4%,95.2%~101.7%。该方法操作简便,可用于中药中汞、砷元素的质量控制。     

氧弹分解-原子荧光法测定煤中汞的研究进展

介绍氧弹分解-原子荧光法测定煤中汞含量的研究进展。影响该方法主要因素为称样量、氧气浓度、吸收剂、还原剂、煤种以及灰分含量。分别综述了各个因素对该方法的影响,可为相关标准的制定提供参考。该方法能够简单、经济、快速地测定煤中汞的含量,但是目前学者们对于该方法的相关研究还存在分歧,需要进一步的研究验证;同时,还需要注意以下几个研究方向:吸收剂和还原剂的选择对汞回收率的影响;吸收剂在密闭氧弹中对汞的回收率及吸收时间的研究;氧弹废气中汞含量的测定;煤种和灰分含量对汞含量测定的影响。     

硼氢化钠还原-无色散原子荧光法测定茶叶中汞

建立了汞的硼氢化钠还原－无色散原子荧光测定方法,在最佳条件下,荧光强度与汞浓度在0－25μg/L范围内呈线性关系,相关系数0．9991,检出限0．02μg/L。用拟定的方法测定了茶叶中的汞,回收率为91．6％－98．3％,变异系数不超过5．2％。     

合并通道–原子荧光光谱法测定地表水中汞

建立合并通道–原子荧光光谱法测定地表水中超痕量汞的分析方法。采用微孔滤膜过滤、盐酸酸化处理地表水,以合并通道技术提高原子化效率,研究了合并通道对灵敏度以及检出限的影响。在优化的实验条件下,汞含量在0~2μg/L范围内与原子荧光响应值呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 1,检出限为0.000 3μg/L,测定结果的相对标准偏差小于5%(n=7),加标回收率在82.0%~110.0%之间。该法准确可靠,检出限低,可用于地表水中超痕量汞的检测。     

Solution cathode glow discharge induced vapor generation of mercury and its application to mercury speciation by high performance liquid chromatography-atomic fluorescence spectrometry

A novel solution cathode glow discharge (SCGD) induced vapor generation was developed as interface to on-line couple high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) for the speciation of inorganic mercury (Hg(2+)), methyl-mercury (MeHg) and ethyl-mercury (EtHg). The decomposition of organic mercury species and the reduction of Hg(2+) could be completed in one step with this proposed SCGD induced vapor generation system. The vapor generation is extremely rapid and therefore is easy to couple with flow injection (FI) and HPLC. Compared with the conventional HPLC-CV-AFS hyphenated systems, the proposed HPLC-SCGD-AFS system is very simple in operation and eliminates auxiliary redox reagents. Parameters influencing mercury determination were optimized, such as concentration of formic acid, discharge current and argon flow rate. The method detection limits for HPLC-SCGD-AFS system were 0.67 μg L(-1) for Hg(2+), 0.55 μg L(-1) for MeHg and 1.19 μg L(-1) for EtHg, respectively. The developed method was validated by determination of certified reference material (GBW 10029, tuna fish) and was further applied for the determination of mercury in biological samples.     

Determination of mercury in mineral coal using cold vapor generation directly from slurries,trapping in a graphite tube,and electrothermal atomization

A rugged and reliable method for the determination of mercury in coal without sample digestion, based on chemical vapor generation (cold vapor technique) from slurried coal samples has been developed. It involves collection of the mercury vapor in a graphite tube, treated with gold or rhodium as permanent modifier, and determination by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Mercury quantitatively leached out of the investigated coal reference materials into 1 mol l⁻¹ nitric acid within 48 h when the coal was ground to a particle size of ≤50 μm, except for one sample (BCR 180), which had to be ground to ≤30 μm, or a leaching time of 72 h had to be used. No detectable quantity of mercury was generated directly from the slurry particles, but it was not necessary to filter the solution. The greatest advantage of the method is that only a minimum of reagents and sample handling steps are required, a prerequisite for accurate results in routine analysis. The results were well within the 95% confidence level of the certificate or close to the information value of the reference materials investigated. The characteristic mass of 110 pg obtained with gold as the permanent modifier is close to values reported for direct analysis of solutions, showing close to 100% trapping efficiency for mercury. A limit of detection (LOD) of 90 pg absolute was obtained with this modifier, which corresponds to an LOD of 0.009 μg g⁻¹ Hg in coal. This is based on 1 ml of slurry containing 10 mg of coal, and is an order of magnitude lower than the lowest mercury content in the investigated reference materials.     

The determination of traces of mercury in solid fuels by high-temperature combustion and cold-vapour atomic absorption spectrometry

A high-temperature combustion technique is described for the determination of mercury in coal, coal products including ash, and other samples of environmental interest. The liberated mercury is absorbed in an acidified potassium permanganate solution and determined by cold-vapour atomic absorption spectrometry. The vapour generation assemblage is constructed of standard ground-joint glassware, and is designed to produce non-transient signals suitable for either analog or digital recording devices. Accuracy and precision for 1-g coal samples is 0.02 μg g^-1.