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1.
有机氧化还原反应的氧化值法   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
金成树 《化学教育》2005,26(12):61-61,F0003
用氧化值的概念讨论了有机氧化还原反应,并把有机氧化还原反应中的氧化值法推广到无机氧化还原反应中。  相似文献   

2.
难降解有机废水的催化氧化法处理   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
催化氧化法可通过多种途径来加强传统的化学法处理效果,目前已成为难降解有机废水处理的一项重要新技术。本文介绍了光催化氧化法、均相氧化法、多相氧化法(包括电催化氧化法)以及超临界水氧化技术的国内外研究现状及特点,并对其在有机废水中的应用情况和发展前景作了扼要评述。  相似文献   

3.
稀土氧化钐上甲烷氧化偶联反应的FT—IR研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
用傅里哀变换红外(FT-IR)光谱原位考察了稀土氧化钐上甲烷氧化偶联反应及乙烯,乙烷的氧化反应。在700℃以下,甲烷,乙烯和乙烷分别与氧化钐表面反应时,除检测到表面碳酸基外,未观察到其它表面物种。这些表面碳酸基物种只有在700℃以上才大部分脱附,在氧存在下,高于700℃时这些低碳烃的完全氧化很显著,但在内循环反应体系中发现过量的气相CO_2可抑制烃类的深度氧化。甲烷的偶联反应在700℃以上才可明显观察到。而大部分表面碳酸基也在700℃以上才脱附,但经脱碳酸基或高温氧化处理后的氧化钐上均未明显观察到O~-物种的ESR峰。本文认为经高温脱碳酸基后形成的表面配位不饱和氧物种O~(δ-)(1<δ<2)在甲烷氧化偶联反应中起主要作用。  相似文献   

4.
甲苯选择性氧化制苯甲醛——铁锑氧化物表面性质与催化性能的研究葛欣张惠良(南京大学化学系南京210093)关键词铁锑氧化苯甲醚甲苯选择性氧化中图分类号O643.322铁锑氧化物是烯烃氧化反应中催化剂的主要组成之一[1],在催化剂中当Sb/Fe从1.0变...  相似文献   

5.
计立  刘金强  钱超  陈新志 《有机化学》2012,32(2):254-265
氧化反应是重要的有机合成单元反应,常采用H2O2或过氧酸等为氧化剂.近年来,过氧化脲作为一种清洁环保的固态H2O2,以其性质稳定、H2O2含量高(36.2%)且释放可控等优点,在众多氧化反应中得到了广泛应用.对过氧化脲在氧化反应中的应用进行了总结和概述,重点介绍了环氧化、Baeyer-Villiger氧化、N-氧化、硫醚氧化成砜和亚砜、氧化卤化等反应.  相似文献   

6.
ABO3,A2BO4型复合氧化物催化剂用于CO,CH4,NH3完全氧化的比较   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
本文探讨了CO,CH4和NH3在LaNiO3,La2NiO4和LaSrNiO4三个催化剂上的氧化行为,并得出结论:对于CO氧化,关键步骤在于CO在催化剂表面上的络合活化。Ni^3+含量越高,越利于CO的络合活化。对于氨氧化,催化反应遵循氧化-还原机理。Ni^3+是主要的活性离子,晶格氧是主要活性氧种。对于CH4氧化,催化机理较复杂,只是发现A2BO4型氧化物(La2NiO4,LaSrNiO4)比A  相似文献   

7.
本文概述了氧化数这个氧化还原最基本的概念 ,阐述了有机化合物氧化还原的本质是碳的氧化和还原 ,其结果是碳所形成的两类共价键产生了彼此转换 ,阐述了如何用电子得失的观点考察有机化合物的氧化还原 ,并介绍了形式电荷与氧化数在概念上的差别  相似文献   

8.
氧化还原滴定是分析化学教学的基本内容之一。但氧化还原滴定的理论处理尚不如酸碱与络合滴定理论处理那样完善,有的问题还处于研讨之中。本文拟对氧化还原平衡处理方法中出现的两个新概念——电子活度与半反应平衡常数谈一谈看法,并对氧化还原平衡的图解法提出作者的建议。  相似文献   

9.
张新胜 《电化学》1999,5(1):106-110
Clark等[1]研究苯阳极氧化过程,认为二氧化铅是最合适的电极,苯是二级反应,苯在阳极上首先氧化为产物对苯二醌,产物可进一步氧化成马来酸,直至氧化成二氧化碳.但Ito[2]等研究表明苯阳极氧化还有一个并行反应:苯直接氧化为马来酸.Fleszar和P...  相似文献   

10.
C6位氧化再生纤维素作为可吸收止血材料,其止血性能受材料理化性质的影响。通过比较氧化再生纤维素的吸水率、凝胶化速率、溶解速率、降解速率、抗老化性能和止血效果,研究三维结构和氧化度对氧化再生纤维素性能影响。结果发现,氧化度增高,氧化再生纤维素吸水率增强,凝胶化速率加快,溶解速率和降解速率变快,抗老化性能变差,产品有效期变短。纤丝松散网状多孔结构比纱布致密结构更有利于提高吸水率,加快凝胶化速率和溶解速率;同时降低氧化剂用量,提高抗老化性能。同一氧化度条件下,纤丝止血速率优于纱布,止血效果更好。  相似文献   

11.
In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.  相似文献   

12.
KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.  相似文献   

13.
A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.  相似文献   

14.
The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H insertion.  相似文献   

15.
Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.  相似文献   

16.
The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.  相似文献   

17.
N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).  相似文献   

18.
The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.  相似文献   

19.
An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.  相似文献   

20.
An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y1 and Y2. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.  相似文献   

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