医学院校化学实验课程的教学改革

根据医学院校学生的特点,探索化学实验教学改革的途径和方式。构建了整合式化学实验课程体系,强调以学生为中心、能力培养为核心的教学模式。优化实验教学内容,突出化学与医学、生命科学的关系,采用多种实验教学手段,研发数字化虚拟实验,建立多元化的综合考核体系。化学实验教学的改革,激发了学生的学习·兴趣,提高了实验课程的教学质量,为培养卓越医学人才奠定基础。     

基础化学教学中从化学视角解释医学知识*——以“龋齿的形成与防护”为例

为解决医学院学生难以运用化学知识联系解释医学内容的问题,以医学案例“龋齿的形成与防护”作为切入点,通过医学现象去揭示其中所蕴含的化学原理,探索将基础化学教学与医学内容相结合。采用化学与医学融合教学模式能够激发起学生学习化学的兴趣,培养学生思考分析解决问题的能力,为培养新时代复合型医学人才奠定基础。     

医学化学与医学院校本科生创新能力的培养

培养本科学生的创新能力是培养优秀创新型人才的一个重要环节。医学化学对培养医学院校本科学生的创新能力具有重要作用。通过数个成功申请了国家"大学生创新创业训练计划"的案例,从天然药物结构修饰、生物材料制备、纳米材料制备及药物载体合成等方面探讨了如何将化学知识与医学进行有机结合,指导学生选取合适研究方向进行创新型实验,从而培养学生的创新能力、科研兴趣和团队精神,为培养创新型复合型医学人才打下重要基础。     

非化学专业大学生创新能力培养初探

针对非化学专业的特点,从转变教学观念,立足化学基础,加强能力和素质的培养,调整化学实验内容,建立化学创新平台等方面探讨了非化学专业大学生创新能力的培养。     

PBL-TBL-CBL教学法在医学基础化学课程中的应用

选取医学基础化学课程中的2个章节,组织PBL-TBL-CBL组和LBL组进行教学实验,通过成绩考核、教师评价和问卷调查进行教学效果评价,探讨PBL-TBL-CBL整合模式在医学基础化学课程中理论和实验教学上的应用。通过对比分析,证实PBL-TBL-CBL整合模式教学可以充分调动学生的积极主动性,增强自学和团队合作能力,提高实验操作技能,准确掌握教学大纲要求的知识点,提升学生对化学学习的乐趣和自信。建议对基础化学的部分章节采用PBL-TBL-CBL整合模式教学,同时结合LBL传统教学共同来完成大纲要求的教学任务。     

全面认识并贯串于全部教学过程——关于化学实验能力及其培养

一实验是化学赖以形成和发展的基础,又是学习化学的媒介。培养实验能力不仅关系到化学化工人材的培养,而且关系到大多数未来劳动者适应社会主义现代化建设需要和全面发展的问题。因此,培养实验能力是化学教学的重要任务之一。毋庸讳言,目前我国学生的实验能力较差。实验实实在在成了我国化学教学的弱项。造成这种情况有多方面的原因。一方面固然跟实验条件和教师素质等因素有关;另一方面,     

以创新培养为主线构建综合化学实验与科研训练体系

针对地方大学既培养基础性化学人才,又服务于地域经济社会发展的特点,提出了构建化学学科本科各专业一体化教学实验平台。该平台分为“基础化学实验”和“综合化学实验与科学研究训练”两个层次。后一层次是目前改革实践的重点。综合化学实验与科学研究训练体系划分为综合化学实验和科学研究训练两个阶段：综合化学实验又包括化学各专业通修的化学综合实验和分专业选修的专业综合实验两个层次,以满足基础性和应用性两种类型学生的需求;科学研究训练则通过科学研究成果转化形成的科研综合实验和介入教师科学研究工作的科学研究课题两个层次,培养学生的科学思维和能力。这样的体系概述为多层次递进式创新素质培养科学综合实验体系。通过这一实验体系,探索实践通识教育和专业教育有机结合,同时又着力体现“加强基础、淡化专业”的教育理念。     

农科基础化学实验研究性教学模式的构建与实践

针对农林高校化学实验教学中存在的问题,提出以培养学生自主学习和创新能力为教学目标,通过优化教学内容、改革教学方法,提高学生学习兴趣,形成了基础实验、综合设计性实验、研究性实验和创新实验等多层次实验教学体系,构建了农科基础化学实验研究性教学模式。这对于提高学生的学习效率,培养学生的自主学习能力与创新能力具有重要意义。     

医学基础化学实验教学之课程思政探索与实践

阐述了在医学基础化学实验课程中开展课程思政的意义,并结合课程的特点,挖掘课程所蕴含的思政元素,从教学大纲修订、思政案例设计、教学模式设计、形成性评价增加、线上实验教学平台建设、师德师风建设等多方面入手,培养学生严谨的科学精神、实事求是的科学态度、良好的实验习惯、真诚协作的团队精神、自觉的环保意识,探索了医学基础化学实验教学课程思政的路径,建立了一个相对完备的在高校非思政类课程中全程、全方位开展课程思政的教育教学体系,将社会主义核心价值观教育贯穿于课程始终,润物无声地立德树人。该体系对其他非思政类课程开展思政工作具有参考和借鉴意义。     

综合性化学实验设计:氨基修饰的UiO-66(Zr)的制备、表征及光催化还原Cr(Ⅵ)的性能测试*

介绍了一个综合化学实验--氨基修饰的UiO-66(Zr)的制备、表征及光催化还原Cr(Ⅵ)的性能测试。实验内容涉及有机合成、溶剂热合成、仪器分析、化学分析和化学动力学等。实验涵盖了四大基础化学实验,实现了基础化学实验内容的融会贯通,引导学生深入探索化学学科的内在联系,为后续研究性实验和科研创新实验打下坚实基础。同时,将光催化等先进技术引入实验教学,激发了学生学习化学知识的兴趣和独立思考、探索创新的意识,有利于创新型化学人才的培养。     

不可一笑置之的笑气——一氧化二氮

一氧化二氮(N₂O)俗称“笑气”,是一种重要的氮氧化物。通过介绍N₂O的化学合成及其在合成化学中的应用、N₂O在人体内的作用机制及其医学应用以及人类活动排放N₂O所引发的全球环境问题,普及N₂O涉及的有关合成化学、生物化学和环境化学的基础知识。     

Training needs for chemists in nuclear medicine research and production

The field Nuclear Medicine has expanded rapidly over the last two decades. Individuals with training in radiochemistry are needed in industry, medical centers and hospitals. Although basic training in organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, biochemistry or pharmacy are required, radiochemistry knowledge is essential for all of these individuals. Opportunities and training requirements in these areas will be discussed.     

翻转课堂模式在旋光度测定实验教学中的应用

以糖类物质旋光度的测定为例,探索了翻转教学在医学院校基础有机化学实验教学中的应用。包括设计任务书、制作教学视频及文档、查找相关文献、课堂活动、教学总结及反思等多个环节。实践表明,翻转课堂在实验教学中的应用,改善了课前预习流于形式的状况,培养了学生主动学习的能力,激发了医学专业学生对基础有机化学实验的学习兴趣。     

William Henry: His Achievements and His Law

Henry is well-known name to all students of physical chemistry. Despite physical handicaps resulting from a childhood accident, he went on to a brilliant career in chemistry and medicine. The extensive and careful measurements that he made of the solubility of gases have given us the law that carries his name. Not many are familiar with his work on the steam sterilization of fabrics and other materials used as a medical tool to avoid spreading disease. He also did the basic work that proved that carbon is an element and not a compound.     

An open source protein gel documentation system for proteome analyses

Data organization and data mining represents one of the main challenges for modern high throughput technologies in pharmaceutical chemistry and medical chemistry. The presented open source documentation and analysis system provides an integrated solution (tutorial, setup protocol, sources, executables) aimed at substituting the traditionally used lab-book. The data management solution provided incorporates detailed information about the processing of the gels and the experimental conditions used and includes basic data analysis facilities which can be easily extended. The sample database and User-Interface are available free of charge under the GNU license from http://webber.physik.uni-freiburg.de/~fallerd/tutorial.htm.     

蒙古药有效化学成分研究的新思考——蒙古药与微量元素

介绍了蒙医学和微量元素有关的基本概念，指出了研究蒙药有效成分应该用系统论的观点，从配位化学角度考虑蒙药有机有效成分的微量元素协同作用的新思路，结合近几年对常用蒙药中金属元素的研究工作提出了对蒙药微量元素研究时应该注意的一些问题。     

Chemistry, mechanics and the making of anatomical knowledge: Boerhaave vs. Ruysch on the nature of the glands

A controversy between the well-known medical teacher Herman Boerhaave and the anatomist Frederik Ruysch on the nature of the glands shows how chemical knowledge had a decisive influence on the way in which Boerhaave perceived the anatomy and working of the glands. While Ruysch maintained that the glands are no more than the extremities of arteries and act as mechanical instruments separating the fluids into smaller particles, Boerhaave examined the glands as membranous follicles in which chemical processes prepare the fluids for their different uses in the body. Boerhaave, in other words, turned to the chemical properties of particles rather than the vessels that contain them. Boerhaave's viewpoint was new and resulted from his belief in chemistry as the discipline par excellence for the explanation of the most basic processes in the body. More than anything else, the controversy shows how chemistry was not contained within fixed disciplinary boundaries, but had a decisive influence on Boerhaave's construction of anatomical knowledge.     

Horseradish Peroxidase Catalyzed Hydrogelation for Biomedical,Biopharmaceutical, and Biofabrication Applications

Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)‐catalyzed hydrogelation has attracted much attention owing to the ease of handling, high biocompatibility, and processability. This review summarizes recent developments, including cutting‐edge research into the use of HRP‐mediated hydrogelation toward biomedical, biopharmaceutical, and biofabrication applications. From the viewpoint of polymer chemistry, the basic chemistry behind hydrogelation, the structure–property relationship, and hybridization of multiple materials by using HRP‐catalyzed hydrogelation are summarized. From the chemical engineering perspective, strategies for controlling hydrogelation kinetics, hydrogel characteristics, and hydrogelation processes are summarized and discussed in detail. Strategies for obtaining biomaterials for medical and pharmaceutical use, and biofabrication for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine emerge by unifying the aspects of HRP‐mediated hydrogelation.     

The influence of varying reaction conditions on the coordination behavior of the phosphonoformate anion

Abstract

In medical and pharmaceutical science phosphonic acids and phosphonates play an important role with regard to their wide application in various drugs as medicines against osteoporosis or antiviral agents. In the course of the investigations on the coordination chemistry of biologically active phosphonates different salts of the phosphonoformate anion were prepared via hydrolysis of corresponding esters under basic conditions. Depending on the reaction and crystallization conditions, different sodium salts with the phosphonoformate moiety were obtained and structurally characterized.