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纳米晶La1—xSrxFeO3的合成及气敏特性的研究 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
用柠檬酸盐法合成出La1-xSrxFeO3(x=0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4)原粉,再经固相反应得到纳米晶粉末,用TG、DTA、XRD、IR进行了表征,确证复合氧化物La1-xSrxFeO3为钙钛矿型结构,粒径在10~25nm之间。实验结果表明,随着固相反应条件不同,产物粒径呈规律性变化。气敏特性研究表明,该纳米晶材料对乙醇有较高的选择性和灵敏度,其选择性顺序为La0.9Sr0.1FeO3>La 相似文献
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Syntheses,StructuresandPropertiesofSome NewCompositionPerovskiteCompounds:Sr_(0.6)Bi_(0.4)FeO_(2.7),Sr_(1-x)Bi_xFeO_(3-y) and Ba... 相似文献
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利用固相反应合成了Eu_(0.5)RE_(0.5)Fe_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)O_3(RE=La,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb,Y)等化合物。测量了其XRD谱及~(57)FeMssbauer谱.实验发现,随着RE原子序数的增加,样品的晶胞体积减小,Fe在化合物中处于Fe~(3+)的高自旋状态,~(57)Fe的四极裂矩与样品的畸变参数D成线性关系。 相似文献
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纳米晶材料SrMgxTi1-xO3的合成与表征 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
采用硬脂酸法合成纳米晶SrMgxTi1-xO3(x=0.1-0.5)材料,用DTA,TG,XRD,IR,XPS和TEM进行表征,结果表明,粉末粒径d随SrMgxTi1-xO3中镁含量、烧结温度和烧结时间的改变而变化;烧结所产生的粉末粒度分布均匀,大小适中;Mg^2+部分替SrTiO3的Ti^4+后,O的1s光谱随着Mg^2+含量的不同而发生变化。 相似文献
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高温燃料电池阴极材料的制备及性能研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用固相反应法合成La(Sr)MnO3高温燃料电池阴极材料,X射线衍射分析证实了(La1-xSrx)1-yMnO3(0≤x≤0.3,0≤y≤0.1)是六方晶系钙钛矿结构;晶胞参数α随x(x≥0.1)的增大而减小,c随x的增大而增大;α随y的增大而减小。测定了试样的烧结收缩和相对密度以确定它的烧结性。结果表明,随x或y增大,烧结性增大。直流四探针法测量室温电导率,随x(x≥0.1)或y增大电导率增加 相似文献
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BaCe1—xRExO3—0.5x的溶胶—凝胶法合成及离子导电性 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
用溶胶-凝胶法合成了系列钙钛矿结构的BaCe1-xRExO3-0.5x(RE=La,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Dy,Ho,Er和Y)复合氧化物,通过XRD和热分析对样品结构及生成过程进行了研究.测定了不同温度下样品的交流阻抗谱,讨论了稀土离子掺杂对BaCeO3电性质的影响.溶胶-凝胶法比固相反应法合成温度降低了600~800℃,稀土掺杂使BaCeO3离子导电率提高了10~40倍. 相似文献
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利用固相反应合成了稀土取代的复合氧化物Eu_(0.5)RE_(0.5)Fe_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)O_3(RE=La,Pr,Nd,Sm,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb).测量了这些化合物的XRD和XPS谱。在XPS研究中发现,稀土取代而使稀土元素本身的结合能相对于其倍半氧化物中的有所降低;在取代的复合氧化物中,随着RE离子半径的减小,Fe、Mn的结合能随之增加。 相似文献
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合成了(CeO2)0.7-x(MO)x(La2O3)0.3(M-Mg、Ca、Sr)固体电解质。对其晶体结构、电导率、XPS谱、离子迁移数及制成的燃料电池的V-I曲线进行了测定。(CeO2)0.7(La2O3)0.3中掺入Ca^2+、Mg^2+或Sr^2+,可使电解质的氧离子导电性能改善,从而使制成的燃料电池的开路电压输出功率也得到提高。 相似文献
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Partial Oxidation of Methane to Syngas Using Lattice Oxygen of La1-xSrxFeO3 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Catalytic partial oxidation of methane to syngas using the lattice oxygen of La1-xSrxFeO3 perovskite oxide catalysts in place of molecular oxygen was studied. La1-xSrxFeO3 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2,0.5) perovskite oxides were prepared by the "auto-combustion method". XRD analysis showed that all La1-xSrxFeO3 samples have a single-phase perovskite-type oxide. The redox properties of the catalysts were investigated by temperature programmed reduction with hydrogen (H2-TPR). Reducibility of the catalysts increase with the increasing of the Sr2+ content. The oxygen species of the catalysts and their reaction with CH4 were studied by the temperature programmed surface reaction (CH4-TPSR). In the absence of gas phase oxygen, there exist two kinds of oxygen species on the catalysts. One kind of the oxygen species with strong oxidative ability is produced first, which can oxidize CH4 completely to CO2 and H2O.Then, the second oxygen species with weak oxidative ability is formed, which can oxidize CH4 partially to CO and H2 with high selectivity. The number of the oxygen species with strong oxidative ability in the CH4-TPSR tends to become zero at low x values (x≤0.1). Under suitable reaction conditions, switching alternatively the reactions of 11% O2-Ar and 11% CH4-He over a La0.sSr0.2FeO3 catalyst at 900 ℃ allows methane to be selectively converted to synthesis gas (CH4 conversion ~90%, CO selectivity >93%) using the lattice oxygen of the perovskite oxide catalyst in a redox mode. 相似文献
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Palcut M Christensen JS Wiik K Grande T 《Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP》2008,10(43):6544-6552
The impurity diffusion of Pr(3+) in dense polycrystalline LaMnO(3), LaCoO(3) and LaFeO(3) was studied at 1373-1673 K in air in order to investigate cation diffusion in these materials. Cation distribution profiles were measured by secondary-ion mass spectrometry and it was found that penetration profiles of Pr(3+) had two distinct regions with different slopes. The first, shallow region was used to evaluate the bulk diffusion coefficients. The activation energies for bulk diffusion of Pr(3+) in LaMnO(3), LaCoO(3) and LaFeO(3) were 126 +/- 6, 334 +/- 68 and 258 +/- 75 kJ mol(-1), respectively, which are significantly lower than previously predicted by atomistic simulations. The bulk diffusion of Pr(3+) in LaMnO(3) was enhanced compared to LaCoO(3) and LaFeO(3) due to higher concentrations of intrinsic point defects in LaMnO(3), especially La site vacancies. Grain-boundary diffusion coefficients of Pr(3+) in LaCoO(3) and LaFeO(3) materials were evaluated according to the Whipple-Le Claire equation. Activation energies for grain-boundary diffusion of Pr(3+) in LaCoO(3) and LaFeO(3) materials were 264 +/- 41 kJ mol(-1) and 290 +/- 36 kJ mol(-1) respectively. Finally, a correlation between activation energies for cation diffusion in bulk and along grain boundaries in pure and substituted LaBO(3) materials (B = Cr, Fe, Co) is discussed. 相似文献
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LaMO3纳米复合钙钛矿氧载体化学循环重整甲烷制合成气 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同B位可变价离子的LaMO3 (M= Cr,Mn,Fe,Co)复合氧化物氧载体,采用X射线衍射、N2吸附-脱附、扫描电镜及CH4程序升温表面反应等手段对氧载体进行了表征,并用于直接选择氧化CH4的反应中.结果表明,Cr,Mn,Fe 和Co均能形成LaMO3纳米复合钙钛矿结构,其氧物种氧化能力大小... 相似文献
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Seyed Ali HOSSEINI Mohammad Taghi SADEGHI-SORKHANI Leila KAFI-AHMADI Abdolali ALEMI Aligholi NIAEI Dariush SALARI 《催化学报》2011,32(9):1465-1468
Nanostructured LaFeO3 and substituted La1-xEuxFeO3 (x = 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2) perovskites were synthesized by sol-gel auto-combustion and their activities during the combustion of toluene were evaluated. The structure and physico-chemical properties of the perovskites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and BET surface area analyses. The compounds were crystallized as a perovskite phase with an orthorhombic structure. The mean particl... 相似文献
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Junyou Yang Yuehua Chen Wen Zhu Jiangying Peng Siqian Bao Xi’an Fan Xingkai Duan 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2006,179(1):212-216
Starting from elemental powder mixtures, single-phase LaxCo3.6Ni0.4Sb12(x=0, 0.1, 0.4, 0.6)-filled skutterudites were synthesized via the route of mechanical alloying-hot pressing (MA-HP) in this paper. With increasing of La fraction, the lattice spacing of filled skutterudite phase increases and its variation follows the Vegard's law. The magnitude of the Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity show slight increases with increasing of La filling fraction; thermal conductivity of the filled skutterudite decreases and the resultant figure of merit increases with increase of La filling fraction. The as-HPed filled skutterudite has a composite nanocrystalline microstructure, which includes some coral-like clusters with relatively large spoke-like grains about 300 nm in length and a superfine equiaxial nanocrystalline matrix with an average grain size of about 50 nm. The coral-like cluster corresponds to the prime filled skutterudite formed directly by MA, while the filled skutterudite formed during hot pressing, which has the same nucleation condition and experiences less grain growth, develops equiaxially into the superfine nanocrystalline matrix. 相似文献
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Direct partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas on AFeO(3) (A = La, Nd, Eu) oxides by a novel sequential redox cyclic reaction in the absence of gaseous oxygen was investigated over a fixed-bed reactor. These oxides were prepared by the sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. XRD analysis showed that all AFeO(3) (A = La, Nd, Eu) oxides, calcined at 1173 K, are single-phase perovskites. The CH(4)-TPSR/MS and continuous reaction experiments indicated that the AFeO(3) (A = La, Nd, Eu) oxides provide mostly oxygen species, as the sole oxidant originated from lattice oxygen instead of gaseous oxygen, which can oxidize CH(4) to synthesis gas with high selectivity in the absence of gaseous oxygen. In terms of material economics and the amount of oxygen species for synthesis gas formation, the LaFeO(3) sample exhibits the best performance among these tested AFeO(3) oxides for synthesis gas production. The pulse experiments at different temperatures showed that the rate of oxygen migration during the CH(4) reaction with LaFeO(3) is strongly affected by the reaction temperature, and increases with rising temperature, which is favorable to much more CH(4) selective oxidation at high temperature. The two types of oxygen species are identified by experiments of continuous reactions and pulses, and confirmed by XPS. Methane can be converted selectively to synthesis gas by consumption of lattice oxygen, and general carbonaceous deposits on the catalyst surface do not occur under the appropriate reaction conditions by sequential redox cycles. The performance of selective oxidation of CH(4) to synthesis gas can be recovered by reoxidation using gaseous molecular oxygen; the LaFeO(3) oxide maintains relatively high catalytic activity and structural stability in redox atmospheres. 相似文献
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制备了一系列不同La2O3含量(100Fe/2.8Si/nLa,n=0,0.5,1,2,4,原子比)的沉淀铁费-托合成催化剂,通过原位X射线衍射、一氧化碳程序升温还原和N2吸附-脱附等手段对催化剂进行了表征.催化剂费-托反应评价在固定床反应器中进行.结果表明,少量La2O3助剂(La/Fe≤0.01,原子比)的加入显著降低了Fe2O3颗粒大小,增加了催化剂的比表面积和分散度,有利于碳化铁的形成,从而导致费-托合成催化活性的提高.随着La2O3含量的进一步增加(La/Fe≥0.02),催化剂表面大量La2O3的覆盖和LaFeO3化合物的形成降低了铁碳化物的形成,反应活性反而降低.因此,最适宜的La2O3含量为La/Fe=0.01.La2O3的加入提高了甲烷的选择性,抑制了C5+碳氢化合物的形成. 相似文献