鲁米诺—H2O2体系化学发光对邻本亚甲基丙二腈和丙二腈的研究

基于鲁米诺－过氧化氢体系对邻本亚甲基丙二腈（ＣＳ）和丙二腈的化学发光的检测,考察了其反应动力学曲线。详细研究了ＰＨ值,鲁米诺浓度,过氧化氢一度信号的稳定性对化学发光强度的影响。ＣＳ的检测线性范围为１０＾－２－１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,绝对检测限为１．１ｎｇ。丙二腈的检测线性范围为１０＾－３－１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,绝对检测限为０．５ｎｇ,建立了鲁米诺－过氧化氢体系对相化学发光对ＣＳ和丙二腈的分析方法,对     

十六烷基三甲基溴化铵逆胶束介质中邻氯代苯亚甲基丙二腈的化学发光测定

以十六烷基三甲基溴化烷 (CTMAB)在氯仿 环己烷为主体溶剂相中所形成的逆胶束介质 ,基于鲁米诺 H2 O2 化学发光体系对邻氯代苯亚甲基丙二腈 (CS)进行定量分析 ,详细研究了氯仿与环己烷的不同配比、R值 ([H2 O] [表面活性剂 ])、CTMAB浓度、pH值、鲁米诺浓度及H2 O2 浓度对化学发光强度的影响。CS的检测线性范围为 1× 10 - 5～ 5 .5× 10 - 3mol L ,检出限达 4× 10 - 6 mol L(S N =3) ,对水样及土样的回收率均在 90 %以上。     

毛细管固定过氧化物酶流动注射化学发光法测定过氧化氢的研究

利用固定有辣根过氧化物酶的毛细管柱作为反应器与流通池,建立了一种简单、快速检测过氧化氢的流动注射化学发光分析新方法.当鲁米诺和过氧化氢的混合溶液流经反应器时,辣根过氧化物酶催化过氧化氢氧化鲁米诺产生化学发光.在选定的实验条件下,化学发光信号与过氧化氢的浓度在3.0×10-8～1.0×10-4mol/L范围内分段呈线性关系,检出限为1×10-8mol/L(S/N=3),相对标准偏差1.4%(1.0 μmol/L,n=9).该方法用于雨水中过氧化氢的测定,结果满意.     

流动注射化学发光分析法测定人血清中白蛋白的研究

本文对人血清中白蛋白的鲁米诺-K3Fe(CN)6化学发光反应体系进行了较系统的研究。考察了流速、发光试剂浓度、pH值以及增敏剂等对人血清白蛋白分析检测的影响。在优化的实验条件下,测定人血清中白蛋白的线性范围为1.2×10-11~4.4×10-8mol/L,R2=0.9942;方法的检出限(S/N=3)为1.2×10-11mol/L;回收率范围为90.75%~103.5%,本法对2.9×10-8mol/L的标准样品平行重复12次测定,其相对标准偏差为3.5%。     

罗丹明B的电致化学发光行为研究

研究发现罗丹明B在碱性溶液中铂电极上有较强的电致化学发光行为.通过对不同NaOH浓度,以及对不同支持电解质的考察,确定最佳电致化学发光条件.在最优条件下,在1.2×10-7~1.1×10-6mol/L浓度范围内,罗丹明B的电致化学发光强度与其浓度成线性关系,最低检测限为9.0×10-8mol/L(S/N=3).将罗丹明B同一些生物活性物质相配合,然后通过罗丹明B的ECL技术对生物活性物质进行检测.     

流动注射-化学发光测定环境样品中的痕量铜

本文基于Cu2+与贮备铁氰化钾及鲁米诺在碱性条件下产生化学发光的原理,建立了一种新的测定痕量铜的化学发光方法。方法的相对标准偏差小于5.0%,线性范围为5.0×10-9～1.0×10-7mol/L,检出限(S/N=3)为8.0×10-10mol/L。用本法成功地实现了对环境样品中痕量铜的定量分析。     

铜纳米簇催化鲁米诺化学发光体系的研究及应用

合成了牛血清白蛋白修饰的铜纳米簇(BSA-Cu NCs),研究发现在碱性环境中,BSA-Cu NCs对鲁米诺-过氧化氢体系的发光信号有很好的增强作用。对铜纳米簇催化鲁米诺-过氧化氢化学发光的机理进行了研究,并发现色氨酸对鲁米诺-过氧化氢-铜纳米簇化学发光体系信号具有增强作用,基于此,建立了化学发光测定色氨酸的含量的方法。该方法对色氨酸的检测限为6×10-8mol·L-1,线性范围为2.0×10-7~10-4mol·L-1。     

毛细管电泳-电致化学发光法测定维C银翘片中的马来酸氯苯那敏

基于马来酸氯苯那敏增强联吡啶钌的电致化学发光信号,建立了一种分离检测维C银翘片中马来酸氯苯那敏的毛细管电泳-电致化学发光新方法.考察了联吡啶钌浓度、检测电位、磷酸盐缓冲液浓度和pH、进样电压和进样时间等实验条件对分离、检测体系的影响. 在优化实验条件下,维C银翘片中的马来酸氯苯那敏在3 min内可实现分离检测,其线性范围为5.0×10-7～1.0×10-4 mol/L(相关系数0.9994),检出限为5.1×10-8 mol/L(S/N=3).本法可用于维C银翘片中马来酸氯苯那敏的质量检测.     

基于血红蛋白/纳米金/二氧化锆-壳聚糖修饰的过氧化氢生物传感器

将二氧化锆(ZrO2)分散于壳聚糖(CS)中得到稳定的CS-ZrO2复合物,制备了Hb/nano-Au/CS-ZrO2/Au过氧化氢生物传感器。 用循环伏安法和计时电流法考察该修饰电极的电化学特性,发现该修饰电极对过氧化氢(H2O2)的还原有良好的电催化作用。 实验结果表明,该传感器对H2O2的线性响应范围为3.9×10-6～1.8×10-3 mol/L,线性相关系数R=0.9956,检测下限为5.6×10-7 mol/L(S/N=3),并具有选择性高、线性范围宽和响应快等优点。     

流动注射化学发光法测定蛋白质

采用流动注射化学发光法(FI-CL)研究了鲁米诺-铁氰化钾-蛋白质化学发光反应.试验发现某些蛋白质对鲁米诺-铁氰化钾发光体系有增强作用,对流速、发光试剂浓度、pH值以及增敏剂等条件进行了试验和优化并建立了测定蛋白质的FI-CL方法.测得卵清白蛋白(OVA)、牛血清蛋白(BSA)线性范围分别为1.8×10-10～2.2×10-7mol·L-1(r=0.9964)和1.5×10-10～3.8×10-7mol.L-1(r=0.9988),检出限(S/N=3)分别为1.8×10-10mol·L-1和1.5×10-10 mol·L-1;对7.6×10-8mol·L-1牛血清蛋白标准的相对标准偏差为0.88%(n=6).用于人体血清样品总蛋白的测定,与双缩脲法的结果间无显著差异.     

石墨烯-聚多巴胺纳米复合材料制备过氧化氢生物传感器

通过合成具有仿生功能的石墨烯-聚多巴胺纳米材料,将其与辣根过氧化酶组装到电极表面,以对苯二酚为电子媒介体制备H2O2传感器.此修饰电极对H2O2具有良好的电催化活性,检测的线性范围为5.0×10-7～3.3×10-4 mol/L;线性回归方程为Y=29.69x+ 0.04577,相关系数为R=0.9995;检出限为3.7×10-7 mol/L(S/N=3).     

Synthesis, characterization, and electrochemiluminescence of luminol-reduced gold nanoparticles and their application in a hydrogen peroxide sensor

It was found that chloroauric acid (HAuCl(4)) could be directly reduced by the luminescent reagent luminol in aqueous solution to form gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), the size of which depended on the amount of luminol. The morphology and surface state of as-prepared AuNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, UV/visible spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. All results indicated that residual luminol and its oxidation product 3-aminophthalate coexisted on the surface of AuNPs through the weak covalent interaction between gold and nitrogen atoms in their amino groups. Subsequently, a luminol-capped AuNP-modified electrode was fabricated by the immobilization of AuNPs on a gold electrode by virtue of cysteine molecules and then immersion in a luminol solution. The modified electrode was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The as-prepared modified electrode exhibited an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) response in alkaline aqueous solution under a double-step potential. H2O2 was found to enhance the ECL. On this basis, an ECL sensor for the detection of H2O2 was developed. The method is simple, fast, and reagent free. It is applicable to the determination of H2O2 in the range of 3x10(-7)-1x10(-3) mol L(-1) with a detection limit of 1x10(-7) mol L(-1) (S/N=3).     

Electrochemiluminescence detection of dichlorvos pesticide in luminol-CTAB medium

A simple, novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) method for the detection of dichlorvos pesticide (DDVP) with high sensitivity was discovered. Detection was carried out in a static ECL system, in which a glassy carbon electrode was selected as the working electrode. ECL parameters, including the concentrations of cetyrltrimethylammonium bromide and luminol, the solution pH, and the scan rate of the applied potential, were optimized. Under these optimal conditions, the linear response of ECL-emission versus DDVP concentration was valid in the range 5-8000 ng/L (r(2)=0.9982) with a relative standard deviation of 4.3% at 2000 ng/L (n=10), yielding a detection limit (S/N=3) of 0.42 ng/L. The ECL emission was caused by a radical reaction process, in which the dissolved oxygen in the luminol solution reacted with the DDVP and generated free radicals. The free radicals reacted with the luminol anion and yielded the luminol radical. The approach presented was successfully applied to the determination of DDVP residues in vegetable samples.     

PB/Au/CILE的制备与应用

混合离子液体(N-丁基吡啶六氟磷酸盐,[BuPy][PF6])与石墨粉,制备了离子液体碳糊电极(CILE),再采用电沉积法制得PB/Au/CILE修饰电极,研究了该修饰电极的电化学行为及其对H2O2的电催化,建立了H2O2的计时安培测定新方法。结果表明:在该修饰电极上PB产生了一对准可逆的氧化还原峰,并对H2O2表现出良好电催化作用,安培法测定H2O2的线性范围为5.0×10-6～1.55×10-4mol/L,检出限为1.0×10-6mol/L(S/N=3)。连续10次测定5.0×10-6mol/L H2O2峰电流的RSD为2.1%。     

基于多壁碳纳米管增敏材料的辣根过氧化物酶分子印迹电化学传感器的制备及对H2O2的检测

以辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)为蛋白质模板分子, 邻苯二胺(o-PD)为聚合单体, 首先将预先羧基化的多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)通过阶跃电位法电沉积在玻碳电极上作为增敏材料, 然后在该电极上电聚合含HRP的邻苯二胺电沉积液形成一层聚合膜, 去除模板化合物后, 制得对HRP具有特异性识别能力的分子印迹聚合物(MIPs)膜; 利用聚邻苯二胺(POPD)的自探针效应构建了分子印迹电化学传感器. 该传感器的响应电流与HRP浓度在1.0×10 ^-10~1.0×10 ^-5 mg/mL范围内有良好的线性关系, 相关系数为0.991, 检出限为1.5×10 ^-11 mg/mL(S/N=3); 该传感器的响应电流与H₂O₂浓度在4.0×10 ^-7~1.4×10 ^-5 mol/L范围内有良好的线性响应, 相关系数为0.992, 检出限为2.6×10 ^-7 mol/L(S/N=3), 将该传感器用于实际样品H₂O₂的检测, 回收率在91.2%~97.1%之间. 建立了基于MIPs膜的HRP和H₂O₂双分析物传感器的制备方法, 该方法可应用于酶及其酶促底物双分析物传感器.     

氯酸钾体系催化动力学光度法测定痕量钒(Ⅱ)

研究了在0.1 mol/L H3PO4介质中,活化剂抗坏血酸的作用下,V(Ⅴ)催化KClO3氧化甲基红褪色的指示反应,由此建立了一种测定痕量V(Ⅱ)的催化动力学光度新方法。研究了影响该催化褪色反应的因素。方法的线性范围为0.09～7.0 ng/mL,检出限为2.9×10-2 ng/mL。方法用于实际样品的测定。     

对硫磷在纳米氧化铝薄膜修饰电极上的电化学行为及其测定

制备了纳米氧化铝修饰玻碳电极(nano-Al2O3/GCE/CME),用循环伏安法(CV)、线性扫描伏安法(LSV)研究了对硫磷(TP)在nano-Al2O3/GCE/CME上的电化学行为.实验表明,该修饰电极与裸电极相比能显著提高TP的氧化还原峰电流并降低其氧化峰电位.在0.1 mol/L HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液(pH =5)中,TP在该修饰电极上产生1个不可逆的还原峰( Epc1=-0.567 V)和1对可逆氧化还原峰( Epa2=0.018 V和Epc2=-0.008 V) ,氧化峰电流与TP的浓度在2.5×10-9～1.0×10-7 mol/L和1.0×10-7～1.0×10-5 mol/L范围内具有良好的线性关系,回归方程分别为: ip(μA)=0.2529+4.201C(μmol/L), r=0.9984和ip(μA)=0.6752+0.3181C(μmol/L), r=0.9946.开路富集30 s后,检出限为1.0 ×10-9 mol/L(S/N=3).在1.0×10-5 mol/L TP试液中连续测定10次,其RSD为3.8%.用此方法测定了蔬菜中TP的含量,回收率为95. 6%～100.5% ,结果满意.     

三维有序石墨烯掺杂纳米二氧化钛酶生物传感器

采用模板法在氧化铟锡电极上制备了三维有序多孔结构的石墨烯掺杂纳米二氧化钛修饰电极,并在此修饰电极上成功固定了过氧化氢酶,从而构建了一种新型的H2O2生物传感器。通过循环伏安、交流阻抗及计时电流等方法研究了该修饰电极的电化学特性,实验结果表明,该修饰电极对H2O2有良好的电催化作用,对H2O2的检测线性范围为3.0×10-6～3.6×10-3mol/L,检测限为4.2×10-7mol/L(S/N=3);且传感器响应迅速、灵敏度高、重现性和稳定性好。     

The enhanced electrochemiluminescence of luminol on the nickel phthalocyanine modified electrode

A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with nickel(II) tetrasulfophthalocyanine (NiTSPc) and Nafion was used for the investigation of the catalytic oxidation of luminol. The modified electrode was found to much more effectively improve the emission of electrochemiluminescence(ECL) of luminol in a solution containing hydrogen peroxide. The enhanced ECL signal corresponded to the catalytic oxidation of both luminol and H(2)O(2) by NiTSPc. Attached Ni(II) on GCE was oxidised to Ni(III) and then used as the catalyst for the chemiluminescence of luminol. The enhanced stability of the ECL signal with Nafion would mainly result from the prevention of the dissolution of NiTSPc and the adsorption of the oxidation product of luminol on the electrode surface. The proposed method enables a detection limit for luminal of 6.0 x 10(-8) mol L(-1) to be achieved in the presence of H(2)O(2) in the neutral solution. The enhanced ECL intensity had a linear relationship with the concentration of luminol in the range of 1.0 x 10(-7)-8.0 x 10(-6) mol L(-1).     

Electrochemiluminescent determination of L-cysteine with a flow-injection analysis system.

A flow-injection electrochemiluminescent method for L-cysteine determination has been developed based on its enhancement of the electrochemiluminecence of luminol at a glassy carbon electrode. This method is simple and sensitive for cysteine determination. Under the selected experimental parameters, the linear range for cysteine concentration was 1.0 x 10(-6) - 5.0 x 10(-5) mol/l, and the detection limit was 0.67 micromol/l (S/N = 3). The relative standard deviation for 11 measurements of 1.0 x 10(-5) mol/l cysteine was 4.5%. The proposed method has been applied to the detection of cysteine in pharmaceutical injections with satisfactory results.